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Articles 1 - 30 of 41
Full-Text Articles in Law
Why I Will Not Stop Teaching Law Students To Think Critically About Race: The Attack On Teaching About The Role Of Race In Law, Leroy Pernell
Why I Will Not Stop Teaching Law Students To Think Critically About Race: The Attack On Teaching About The Role Of Race In Law, Leroy Pernell
Journal Publications
As someone who has been involved in legal education teaching for over 40 years and as someone who was drawn to legal education as an alternative to a career more directly devoted to litigation concerning racial justice, so that others might be encouraged to explore critically both what race has meant to our legal system and how we might collectively counter its negative influence, the “Stop W.O.K.E act” presents a real and present danger. Thus, in August of 2022 I agreed to be the lead named plaintiff in Pernell, et. al. v. Florida Board of Governors of the State University …
What, To The Marginalized Person, Is The American Dream, Deidre Keller
What, To The Marginalized Person, Is The American Dream, Deidre Keller
Journal Publications
I will organize this Note around three themes Douglass articulated in his speech. These themes, which remain timely and relevant over 170 years later, are (1) the importance of attending to those most impacted by injustices; (2) the responsibility of each of us to address the injustices we see in the world around us; and (3) the practice of remaining hopeful in the face of what, at times, may feel like daunting circumstances. I will structure this Note around these three themes as I consider what the American Dream means for marginalized persons. Throughout, I will weave in examples of …
Am I Angry? You Bet I Am! Watching The George Floyd Murder Trial, Cheryl Page
Am I Angry? You Bet I Am! Watching The George Floyd Murder Trial, Cheryl Page
Journal Publications
We have come a mighty long way in our criminal justice system. We have gone from a period of time when people of African descent were not considered humans and were deliberately excluded from serving on jury panels to seeing Black judges, defense attorneys and prosecuting attorneys taking part in selecting more diverse juries. Progress has been made, but how far have we really journeyed, and are the vestiges of racial animus and discrimination from the Jim Crow era truly eradicated? One need not look further than the current criminal trial we are witnessing of former Minneapolis police officer Derek …
The Battle Of Brandy Creek: How One Black Community Fought Annexation, Tax Revaluation, And Displacement, Mark Dorosin
The Battle Of Brandy Creek: How One Black Community Fought Annexation, Tax Revaluation, And Displacement, Mark Dorosin
Journal Publications
The Brandy Creek community is a working class, Black neighborhood located just east of I-95, south of Weldon, North Carolina.' In 2005, this rural neighborhood and its surrounding land were legislatively annexed into the city of Roanoke Rapids as part of a planned economic development project. The decision to pursue legislative annexation allowed city officials to bypass the statutory notice and municipal service requirements of a city-initiated, involuntary annexation. Residents were never informed of Roanoke Rapids' intent to annex the community and had no opportunity to voice their opinions on the issue to town officials. In fact, the community first …
Damn It! A Conversation On Being Black, Female, And Marginalized During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Is The World Listening? A Conversation Between Black Female Law Professors, Patricia A. Broussard
Damn It! A Conversation On Being Black, Female, And Marginalized During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Is The World Listening? A Conversation Between Black Female Law Professors, Patricia A. Broussard
Journal Publications
We are African American women with a combined forty-four years in academia. We are professors of law and have seen firsthand how COVID-19 has ravaged African Americans across this country. As we conversed with one another in the Spring of 2020 about what we were witnessing, we began to look through the spectrum of the law and discrimination, and how this novel Coronavirus is laying bare the inequities and inequalities that have been evident for hundreds of years in the Black community. We felt compelled to put pen to paper and document our conversations in an attempt to give a …
Grant Of Clemency To Cyntoia Brown Highlights Deep Rooted Social Issues, Cheryl Page
Grant Of Clemency To Cyntoia Brown Highlights Deep Rooted Social Issues, Cheryl Page
Journal Publications
Society and our criminal justice system place a value on victims and defendants. We manifest this valuation in how we mete out punishment, how we choose who will be stopped, frisked, searched, arrested, charged, given probation, have charges dismissed and even expunged. We show the worth we place in people by the fact that 95% of elected prosecutors are white males and they have control and say over a jail and prison population that is increasingly People of Color.
Unbowed, Unbroken, And Unsung: The Unrecognized Contributions Of African American Women In Social Movement, Politics, And The Maintenance Of Democracy, Patricia A. Broussard
Unbowed, Unbroken, And Unsung: The Unrecognized Contributions Of African American Women In Social Movement, Politics, And The Maintenance Of Democracy, Patricia A. Broussard
Journal Publications
Black women have made huge contributions to American society in movements, politics, and maintenance of the democracy. Black women have been relegated to footnotes, turned in memes, and largely ignored in politics and other areas of power. Notwithstanding the disrespect, disregard, and failures of the larger society to acknowledge that black own have made significant contributions, not only in the in entertainment industry, but in numerous other ways that have shaped out cultural and political landscape, black women's contributions to the larger society have been huge and impactful; yet there are so many blank spaces where their stories should reside. …
Racial Justice And Federal Habeas Corpus As Postconviction Relief From State Convictions, Leroy Pernell
Racial Justice And Federal Habeas Corpus As Postconviction Relief From State Convictions, Leroy Pernell
Journal Publications
It is the purpose of this Article not to simply document the influence of race on our criminal system and its role in the current racial crisis of overrepresentation of minorities in our prisons, but rather to focus on the future and importance of a key tool in the struggle for racial equity – federal habeas corpus as a postconviction remedy. By looking first at the racial context of several “landmark” criminal justice reform decisions, this Article considers how race serves as the root of the procedural due process reform that began in earnest during the Warren Court. This Article …
Virgil Hawkins: Educator & Civil Rights Activist, Hardaway Law Firm, Virgil Hawkins Historical Society, Virgil Hawkins Bar Association Of Polk County, Black Filmmakers Of Central Florida, Kathleen High School Video And Tv Production Team, Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. Mu Zeta Lambda Chapter
Virgil Hawkins: Educator & Civil Rights Activist, Hardaway Law Firm, Virgil Hawkins Historical Society, Virgil Hawkins Bar Association Of Polk County, Black Filmmakers Of Central Florida, Kathleen High School Video And Tv Production Team, Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. Mu Zeta Lambda Chapter
Oral Histories, Presentations, and Videos
Virgil Darnell Hawkins was an African-American trailblazer. Through and by way of his unrelenting effort to become a Florida lawyer, the Jim Crow laws, that once kept Florida's African Americans from attending the white public universities and colleges, were eventually abolished. This paved the way for the end of discrimination in Florida's schools of higher learning and opened the way for African Americans to attend state universities and colleges.
This program and presentation honor Mr. Virgil Darnell Hawkins.
Rationed Justice, Jennifer M. Smith
Rationed Justice, Jennifer M. Smith
Journal Publications
In the United States, "equal justice under law" is at the very forefront of our American justice system. "Equal justice" is meant to guarantee equal access to the justice system. "Equal access to the judicial process is the sin qua non of a just society." Many Americans, however, do not have any access to the justice system, never mind that of equal access. "Equal justice" has not reached the nation's indigent, or even many of our moderate-income citizens.
Professional Women Silenced By Men-Made Norms, Maritza I. Reyes
Professional Women Silenced By Men-Made Norms, Maritza I. Reyes
Journal Publications
The call of this symposium was for articles regarding women's rights and the movement toward equality. We are still wrestling with what equality should mean. In this Article, when I refer to equality I envision it as both a strategy and as the end goal. Equality as a strategy means assessing the inherent inequalities of particular situations and using the means necessary to remedy the inequalities and achieve equality as the end goal. The end goal is for women (with all our complexities and intersectionalities) to achieve the same rights and results as men (with all their complexities and intersectionalities) …
"Fuck Your Breath": Black Men And Youth, State Violence, And Human Rights In The 21st Century, Jeremy I. Levitt
"Fuck Your Breath": Black Men And Youth, State Violence, And Human Rights In The 21st Century, Jeremy I. Levitt
Journal Publications
This polemical essay was written at the behest of Black men and youth, and it is dedicated to African American women who relentlessly fight to safeguard the rights and well-being of Black men, even when in the process their maltreatment and welfare are grossly overlooked and forgotten. Bree Newsome's courageous and necessary removal of the confederate flag in the South Carolina State House is a prime example of such fearless activism. Joanne Deborah Chesimard aka Assata Shakur's-a former leader of the revolutionary organization known as the Black Liberation Armyascendency to the FBI's Most Wanted Terrorist list is another tragically intoxicating …
Wrongful Confictions And Due Process Violations, Cheryl Page
Wrongful Confictions And Due Process Violations, Cheryl Page
Journal Publications
This analytical essay looks at the myriad of ways innocent people are wrongfully convicted and how the criminal justice system fails to truly reach a fair and equitable result. The article looks at how at the initial stages of a criminal proceeding, a defendant can be prejudiced to the point of sufficient harm to his chances at being given a fair and impartial judicial proceeding. This article examines how fatal mistakes can be made and reveals that there can be flaws in the science of DNA testing, including fraud, criminologist bias, improper laboratory procedures, and human error. This article seeks …
Reflections On Presumed Incompetent: The Intersections Of Race And Class For Women In Academia Symposium - The Plenary Panel, Maritza I. Reyes
Reflections On Presumed Incompetent: The Intersections Of Race And Class For Women In Academia Symposium - The Plenary Panel, Maritza I. Reyes
Journal Publications
No abstract provided.
Opening Borders: African Americans And Latinos Through The Lens Of Immigration, Maritza I. Reyes
Opening Borders: African Americans And Latinos Through The Lens Of Immigration, Maritza I. Reyes
Journal Publications
African-American and Latino voter turnout during the 2008 and 2012 presidential elections hit record numbers. Polls show that the immigration debate influenced Latino voter turnout and preference. Presidential candidate Barack Obama's voiced support of comprehensive immigration reform strengthened his lead among Latino voters in 2008 and, once in office, his executive policy of granting temporary protection to DREAMers solidified his lead among Latino voters in 2012. Both elections showed the power that minority groups can exert when they vote in support of the candidate. If the demographic changes continue as currently estimated, African Americans and Latinos will contribute in large …
A Latina Law Professor's Personal Perspective After The Zimmerman Trial Verdict, Maritza I. Reyes
A Latina Law Professor's Personal Perspective After The Zimmerman Trial Verdict, Maritza I. Reyes
Journal Publications
No abstract provided.
Black Women's Post-Slavery Silence Syndrome: A Twenty-First Century Remnant Of Slavery, Jim Crow, And Systemic Racism--Who Will Tell Her Stories?, Patricia A. Broussard
Black Women's Post-Slavery Silence Syndrome: A Twenty-First Century Remnant Of Slavery, Jim Crow, And Systemic Racism--Who Will Tell Her Stories?, Patricia A. Broussard
Journal Publications
One hot summer's day in the late 1950s, a young mother put her three young children down for a nap. She also bathed and prepared four of her sister's children for naptime. This young woman had volunteered to care for her nephew and nieces while their mother, her younger sister, was in the hospital delivering her fifth child. A short while after putting all of the children in their beds, the children's father, her brother-in-law, knocked on the door. The young woman assumed that he had come over to see his children and to bring them news of their mother …
Is Color Blind Justice Also Culturally Blind? The Cultural Blindness In Justice, Shiv Narayan Persaud
Is Color Blind Justice Also Culturally Blind? The Cultural Blindness In Justice, Shiv Narayan Persaud
Journal Publications
As diverse ethnic groups continue to experience numeric growth and societal grounding in America, their advocacies for culturally competent representation within the legal system cannot be ignored or underplayed. Undoubtedly, some professions such as mental and physical health, and their related sectors, have developed and continue to integrate cultural competencies into their respective practices. Others such as the legal profession seem to lag in their advocacies and promotion of culturally competent practices.
In the criminal justice system, where discretionary legal decision-making authority is commonplace and may grossly affect the civil liberties of the citizenry, a paucity of standards requiring cultural …
A Conversation With President Obama: A Dialogue About Poverty, Race, And Class In Black America, Joseph Karl Grant
A Conversation With President Obama: A Dialogue About Poverty, Race, And Class In Black America, Joseph Karl Grant
Journal Publications
The date is November 13, 2012.1 Just mere days ago, I received the invitation of a lifetime. Last night, I arrived in Washington, D.C. I am staying in the Hay-Adams Hotel on the third floor. I still cannot believe the extent of my life's journey. I have just been summoned to the White House by second term President-elect Barack Obama, who defeated Mitt Romney, the Republican nominee for President on November 6, 2012. The 2012 Presidential Election was a hard-fought battle between Barack Obama on the Democratic side, and Mitt Romney on Republican side. The election was a like the …
Reaction To: Wealth, Poverty, And The Equal Protection Clause, Patricia A. Broussard
Reaction To: Wealth, Poverty, And The Equal Protection Clause, Patricia A. Broussard
Journal Publications
No abstract provided.
Examining The "Stick" Of Accreditation For Medical Schools Through Reproductive Justice Lens: A Transformative Remedy For Teaching The Tuskegee Syphilis Study, Deleso Alford Washington
Examining The "Stick" Of Accreditation For Medical Schools Through Reproductive Justice Lens: A Transformative Remedy For Teaching The Tuskegee Syphilis Study, Deleso Alford Washington
Journal Publications
The Tuskegee Syphilis Study, like the traditional recounting of the event, failed to acknowledge the direct impact of untreated syphilis in women. Arguably, the most infamous biomedical research study ever performed by the United States government is the Tuskegee Syphilis Study, which occurred between 1932 and 1972 in Macon County, Alabama. The stated purpose of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study was to determine the effects of untreated syphilis on Black men in Macon County, Alabama. Accordingly, historical and legal accounts have primarily told the stories of the male participants of the Study.
However, an overlooked yet important question looms: What about …
The Meeting: A Transformational Train Ride Through Race In America And Apartheid In South Africa, Joseph Karl Grant
The Meeting: A Transformational Train Ride Through Race In America And Apartheid In South Africa, Joseph Karl Grant
Journal Publications
No abstract provided.
Obama Effect: A Pipeline Issue, A Felicia Epps
Obama Effect: A Pipeline Issue, A Felicia Epps
Journal Publications
The law allows schools to strive for a "critical mass" of minority students. As law schools are already required to demonstrate a commitment to diversity, they must take steps to ensure that the pool of qualified candidates for positions in the academy expands instead of contracts. President Obama can have an impact on this process by taking steps to improve our educational system, encouraging students to make the most of their educations, and increasing the availability of higher education for all students. African Americans will then have access and ability to succeed in their academic pursuits. As a result, more …
Ghana Journey: Private Investment, Public Funding, And Domestic Reform, Ronald C. Griffin
Ghana Journey: Private Investment, Public Funding, And Domestic Reform, Ronald C. Griffin
Journal Publications
Some folks are good. But man is evil. He is driven by impulses, avarice, reason, scholarship, and barbarism. Ghana's history affirms some of the social and philosophical claims about man and evil. A scholarly narrative about American economic life, trenched in Ghana like an overlay, will unveil bits about big businesses, small businesses, and doing business in Ghana.
Critical Race Feminist Bioethics: Telling Stories In Law School And Medical School In Pursuit Of "Cultural Competency", Deleso Alford Washington
Critical Race Feminist Bioethics: Telling Stories In Law School And Medical School In Pursuit Of "Cultural Competency", Deleso Alford Washington
Journal Publications
This article examines how slavery and the concept of race intersect with gender to construct a distinct notion of science and technology that has been historically marginalized at best. The particular aspect of "science" that is explored is the development of the medical specialty of gynecology in the United States. The focal point of this article is to explore a means to address the impact of continuing to tell the narrative on the development of the medical specialty of gynecology in the United States without the benefit of a "herstorical" lens.
The Anatomy Of A "Pantsuit": Performance, Proxy And Presence For Women Of Color In Legal Education, Deleso Alford Washington
The Anatomy Of A "Pantsuit": Performance, Proxy And Presence For Women Of Color In Legal Education, Deleso Alford Washington
Journal Publications
This essay is intended to begin a dialogue on how the presence of women of color standing at the intersection of gender, race and class can don a pantsuit or not and still experience under-discussed social realities that influence the attainment of 21st Century leadership roles in the legal academy.
The Latino Lawful Permanent Resident Removal Cases: A Case Study Of Nicaragua And A Call For Fairness And Responsibility In The Administration Of U.S. Immigration Law, Maritza I. Reyes
Journal Publications
This Note aims to contribute to current dialogue by raising issues of fairness, responsibility, and human dignity that merit special consideration in any immigration reform proposal regarding the laws that apply to lawful permanent residents who have committed crimes. Part I analyzes the underlying motivation for the enactment of the immigration laws that were passed in 1996. Part II utilizes a case analysis of issues faced by deportees from Nicaragua to illustrate how the foreign policy of the United States affects the governments, economies, and migration trends of other countries. Parts III and IV borrow from the analysis in Part …
Non-Education In America: Gateway To Subsistence Living, Cheryl Page
Non-Education In America: Gateway To Subsistence Living, Cheryl Page
Journal Publications
Dropout rates are the proverbial canary-in-the-coal-mine. If ever there was a predictor of poverty, discrimination, abuse, neglect, inability to parent-in short the suffering of an entire generation-it is the lack of experience and education we are affording our minority students. This lack of education is invariably accompanied by lack of not only opportunity, but sustainability. We have a potential generation of students unable to make their way through life independent of government support. The worst crime in a capitalist society is to leave an entire group without the skill set to compete. Perhaps the biggest hurdle to objectively identifying schools …
Reflecting On The Dream Of The Marathon Man: Black Dean Longevity And Its Impact On Opportunity And Diversity, Leroy Pernell
Reflecting On The Dream Of The Marathon Man: Black Dean Longevity And Its Impact On Opportunity And Diversity, Leroy Pernell
Journal Publications
At the beginning of the 2005-2006 academic year there was, what many viewed, as a comparatively bounteous crop of African-American deans of ABA-approved law schools. However, several changes during that year caused the crop to diminish rapidly. At the time of this writing, there are eighteen deans of color at American Bar Association approved law schools within the United States. Of these, fifteen are African-American and two are Latino. Of this number, five African-American deans are deans of law schools associated with historically black universities. These comments address, not necessarily the absolute number of African-American or Latino deans at any …
Hurricane Katrina And Collective Identity: Seeing Through A "Her-Storical Lens", Deleso Alford Washington
Hurricane Katrina And Collective Identity: Seeing Through A "Her-Storical Lens", Deleso Alford Washington
Journal Publications
This paper will explore the black wombman's intersection of race, class, and sex during the early twentieth century, specifically as it relates to the pursuit of federal anti-lynching legislation. The central focus will be on the courageous efforts of black women to protect life by virtue of nommo, which means power of the spoken word.