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- University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform (17)
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Articles 1 - 30 of 38
Full-Text Articles in Law
Taxation Of Long-Term Unemployment In The Digital Economy: Facing The Twenty-First Century Challenges, Limor Riza
Taxation Of Long-Term Unemployment In The Digital Economy: Facing The Twenty-First Century Challenges, Limor Riza
Catholic University Law Review
The article examines the policy of taxing long-term unemployment. We claim that tax systems should not tax the unemployed regardless of whether they reenter the labor market. Unemployment is a socioeconomic problem. The fear of expanding unemployment increases due to COVID-19 that shut down large sectors of the economy for a long period and also due to the digital economy. As early as the 1930s, Keynes expressed his fear of the economic challenges his grandchildren's generation would face, coining the term "technological unemployment." Several contemporary economists substantiate this fear by showing that some occupations are bound to disappear. Unemployment insurance …
Washington's One-Size-Fits-All Unemployment Compensation Eligibility In Cases Of Voluntary Separation, Julia Fleming
Washington's One-Size-Fits-All Unemployment Compensation Eligibility In Cases Of Voluntary Separation, Julia Fleming
Washington Law Review Online
Washington State’s Employment Security Act allows individuals who voluntarily left their jobs to be eligible for unemployment benefits if they quit their position with “good cause.” In structuring this Act, the state’s legislature has confined the definition of good cause to a one-size-fits-all list consisting of eleven circumstances. Consequently, if a situation arises that forces an individual to quit their job, yet does not fall into one of those eleven outlined circumstances, the Employment Security Department will disqualify the individual from receiving unemployment benefits. In comparison with other states’ unemployment laws, Washington’s system is quite limited, allowing no discretion under …
O Brother Where Art Thou? The Struggles Of African American Men In The Global Economy Of The Information Age, Kenneth G. Dau-Schmidt
O Brother Where Art Thou? The Struggles Of African American Men In The Global Economy Of The Information Age, Kenneth G. Dau-Schmidt
Indiana Journal of Law and Social Equality
As early as the late 1980’s, William Wilson argued that widespread economic transitions had altered the socioeconomic structure of American inner cities to the detriment of African Americans. Wilson identified declines in manufacturing work and its replacement with poorly compensated service sector work as driving racial segregation and leaving African Americans jobless, poor and alienated from American society. These transitions were particularly problematic for African American men since manufacturing work was their primary gateway to middle-class employment while African American women had already focused more on service work.
Since the initial exposition of Wilson’s theory of deindustrialization, Wilson’s framework of …
Humans Vs. Robots: Rethinking Tax Policy For A More Sustainable Future, Kathryn Kisska-Schulze, Karie Davis-Nozemack
Humans Vs. Robots: Rethinking Tax Policy For A More Sustainable Future, Kathryn Kisska-Schulze, Karie Davis-Nozemack
Maryland Law Review
No abstract provided.
Legal Barriers To Age Discrimination In Hiring Complaints, Pnina Alon-Shenker
Legal Barriers To Age Discrimination In Hiring Complaints, Pnina Alon-Shenker
Dalhousie Law Journal
Studies have shown that senior workers endure longer spells of unemployment than their younger counterparts. Age discrimination has been identified as one of the main obstacles to reemployment. This article critically examines how Canadian anti-age discrimination law has responded to the contemporary challenges experienced by senior job seekers. It articulates several difficulties in our existing age discrimination legal framework by analyzing and contrasting social science literature on the present labour market experience of senior job applicants with human rights tribunal and court decisions in hiring complaints. It concludes by sketching a preliminary set of workable proposals for change that derives …
Toward A Federal Constitutional Right To Employment, R. George Wright
Toward A Federal Constitutional Right To Employment, R. George Wright
Seattle University Law Review
This Article outlines an argument for a federal constitutional right to employment. The Article begins by examining the harms and costs of involuntary long-term unemployment. It then discusses the historical contributions to our understanding of the value of work, before drawing on several well-established jurisprudential distinctions to explain why, and to justify initial optimism regarding a constitutional employment right.
The Iowa Unemployment Appeals Telephone Hearing Process, Bruce Graham
The Iowa Unemployment Appeals Telephone Hearing Process, Bruce Graham
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
National Association Of Administrative Law Judges Special Committee On Unemployment Insurance Appeals Proceedings, David J. Agatstein
National Association Of Administrative Law Judges Special Committee On Unemployment Insurance Appeals Proceedings, David J. Agatstein
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
Unemployment Insurance Committee Report, Paul Wyler
Unemployment Insurance Committee Report, Paul Wyler
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
Redeeming A Lost Generation: "The Year Of Law School Litigation" And The Future Of The Law School Transparency Movement, Andrew S. Murphy
Redeeming A Lost Generation: "The Year Of Law School Litigation" And The Future Of The Law School Transparency Movement, Andrew S. Murphy
Indiana Law Journal
No abstract provided.
The Great Recession And The Pressure On Workplace Rights, Katherine S. Newman
The Great Recession And The Pressure On Workplace Rights, Katherine S. Newman
Chicago-Kent Law Review
This paper explores the impact of the Great Recession on the rights of workers in the U.S. and overseas. While secular trends in play before the economic downturn began had already eroded employment benefits and workers’ right, recent economic conditions have exacerbated conditions for workers. With the Great Recession have come record levels of long term unemployment, a rise in the number of involuntary part-time workers, and a growth in the already high rates of youth unemployment. All of these conditions, along with the decline of union representation, have placed downward pressure on wages and forced workers to give back …
Have A Job To Get A Job: Disparate Treatment And Disparate Impact Of The 'Currently Employed' Requirement, Jennifer Jolly-Ryan
Have A Job To Get A Job: Disparate Treatment And Disparate Impact Of The 'Currently Employed' Requirement, Jennifer Jolly-Ryan
Michigan Journal of Race and Law
Countless people struggle to find a job in a competitive job market despite possessing solid qualifications. Although the news media reports that job numbers are improving, the problems of unemployment particularly loom for people of color, older workers, and people with disabilities. These groups are often unemployed longer than other job seekers. These groups also suffer the disparate impact of job advertisements that require "current employment" as a prerequisite for hiring. The harsh reality is that the longer a job seeker is unemployed, the closer a job seeker becomes to becoming permanently unemployed. Job advertisements that require "current employment" exacerbate …
Tortious Interference With The Expectancy Of Entitlement Benefits, Paul Caritj
Tortious Interference With The Expectancy Of Entitlement Benefits, Paul Caritj
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
This Note proposes a new tort to address employers' and their agents' increasing abuse of the Unemployment Insurance appeals process, which interferes with employees' expectancy of entitlement benefits. Though existing state Unemployment Compensation statutes sanction both unemployed workers claiming benefits and employers for making fraudulent statements, these provisions approach the issue of fraud too narrowly to combat this growing problem. Meanwhile, no existing remedy properly compensates victims of this sort of abuse, adequately deters abusive behavior by scaling the penalty to the harm, and is accessible to economically disadvantaged plaintiffs. As well as providing an analysis of the specific problem …
"Mancession" Or "Momcession"?: Good Providers, A Bad Economy, And Gender Discrimination, Joan C. Williams, Allison Tait
"Mancession" Or "Momcession"?: Good Providers, A Bad Economy, And Gender Discrimination, Joan C. Williams, Allison Tait
Chicago-Kent Law Review
In the aftermath of the 2008 economic downturn, two of the hardest hit industries were manufacturing and construction. As a result, men became unemployed at a higher rate than women, and consequently, women—for the first time ever—became over fifty percent of the employment. This "mancession" gave rise to great debate over the place of women in the workforce and the important role that employment plays in shaping male identity. An intervening critique came in the form of the "momcession" discourse that focused on the impact of the recession on mothers, who were often responsible for caretaking, homemaking, and providing the …
Employee Free Choice Or Employee Forged Choice? Race In The Mirror Of Exclusionary Hierarchy, Harry G. Hutchinson
Employee Free Choice Or Employee Forged Choice? Race In The Mirror Of Exclusionary Hierarchy, Harry G. Hutchinson
Michigan Journal of Race and Law
The Employee Free Choice Act (EFCA) is arguably the most transformative piece of labor legislation to come before Congress since the enactment of the National Labor Relations Act of 1935 (NLRA). One of the newest attempts to transform labor relations is the EFCA. The first to disappear under the EFCA would be a system of union democracy whereby unions could only obtain the rights of exclusive representation for firms if they could prevail in a secret-ballot election. Second, the EFCA would eliminate tile necessity of a freely negotiated collective bargaining agreement between management and labor and instead substitute compulsory arbitration. …
"No Man Can Be Worth $1,000,000 A Year": The Fight Over Executive Compensation In 1930s America, Harwell Wells
"No Man Can Be Worth $1,000,000 A Year": The Fight Over Executive Compensation In 1930s America, Harwell Wells
University of Richmond Law Review
No abstract provided.
Unraveling The Cloth That Binds Latina Garment Workers In Texas: A Critical Analysis Of The Texas Pay Day Act, Ina M. Minjarez
Unraveling The Cloth That Binds Latina Garment Workers In Texas: A Critical Analysis Of The Texas Pay Day Act, Ina M. Minjarez
The Scholar: St. Mary's Law Review on Race and Social Justice
Abstract forthcoming
Unemployment Compensation: Continuity, Change, And The Prospects For Reform, Jerry L. Mashaw
Unemployment Compensation: Continuity, Change, And The Prospects For Reform, Jerry L. Mashaw
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
The Symposium proceedings for which this Introduction provides an overview had a decidedly reformative impulse and focus. Authors and discussants came together not just to ruminate about the future, but to grapple with concrete problems that are both a legacy of the past and the product of relatively recent changes. Reformers found much to criticize and to suggest, whether their focus was on stable structures or newly emerging issues. The purpose of this Introduction is to synthesize the views expressed and to reflect on them from the perspective of a student of benefits administration, but one not expert in the …
Unemployment Compensation In A Time Of Increasing Work-Family Conflicts, Martin H. Malin
Unemployment Compensation In A Time Of Increasing Work-Family Conflicts, Martin H. Malin
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
The demographics of the workplace have changed substantially since the nation's unemployment insurance system was enacted in the 1930s. The number of dual-earner and single-parent families has increased dramatically. Yet, the basic requirements for eligibility for unemployment compensation have not varied much since their initial enactment. In this Article, Professor Malin explores the availability of benefits to individuals who lose their jobs because of conflicts between work and family responsibilities and to unemployed individuals whose family responsibilities restrict the types of jobs that they are able to take. He finds that the states have differed greatly concerning the degree to …
A Case For Pregnancy-Based Unemployment Insurance, Mark R. Brown
A Case For Pregnancy-Based Unemployment Insurance, Mark R. Brown
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
Professor Brown argues that unemployment insurance laws should be amended to provide coverage to otherwise eligible, pregnant claimants. Under current law, women who quit because of pregnancy are either disqualified from receiving unemployment benefits altogether or qualify only after childbirth. Those who are fired, meanwhile, often either cannot prove the motivation for their discharge or discover that they are disqualified because of their unavailability for work. Professor Brown uses a case study to illustrate the problems posed by pregnancy and unemployment insurance. He proposes model legislation that extends coverage to all pregnant claimants who temporarily separate from their employment.
Clarifying Conditions For Nonmonetary Eligibility In The Unemployment Insurance System, Amy B. Chasanov
Clarifying Conditions For Nonmonetary Eligibility In The Unemployment Insurance System, Amy B. Chasanov
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
This Article explores the nonmonetary eligibility requirements that unemployed individuals must meet in order to receive Unemployment Insurance (UI) benefits. These eligibility criteria, which are decided by the states, vary significantly. Because states often have relatively vague statutes regarding their specific nonmonetary eligibility criteria, state rules, regulations, and case law interpret these statutes and better define the criteria. The author discusses the results of a recent survey of UI nonmonetary eligibility criteria which provides information on the status of criteria across the nation than has been available previously. The author concludes that policy reform in this area should be focused …
Representation Of Claimants At Unemployment Compensation Proceedings: Identifying Models And Proposed Solutions, Maurice Emsellem, Monica Halas
Representation Of Claimants At Unemployment Compensation Proceedings: Identifying Models And Proposed Solutions, Maurice Emsellem, Monica Halas
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
Emsellem and Halas posit that claimants need representation at unemployment compensation proceedings. Evaluating statistical and survey data, the authors find that representation significantly improves a claimant's chance of receiving unemployment compensation. Improved recovery rates, they argue, benefit not only claimants but also society. The authors analyze the factors inducing employer appeals of compensation awards. They also review the systemic issues that accompany the provision of representation to those unable to afford it or to those unfamiliar with the unemployment compensation process. Finally, the authors present models of expanding claimant representation.
Essay: Torquemada And Unemployment Compensation Appeals, William W. Milligan
Essay: Torquemada And Unemployment Compensation Appeals, William W. Milligan
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
The premise of this Essay is that unemployment compensation appeals hearings take the form of inquests rather than follow the traditional adversarial model. Given this, the hearing officer carries a special burden of ensuring that due process is afforded. State review systems should structure the process so that the difference, along with the unique burden, is made explicit.
Are Non-English-Speaking Claimants Served By Unemployment Compensation Programs? The Need For Bilingual Services, Mary K. Gillespie, Cynthia G. Schneider
Are Non-English-Speaking Claimants Served By Unemployment Compensation Programs? The Need For Bilingual Services, Mary K. Gillespie, Cynthia G. Schneider
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
This Article examines the need for interpreters and translated written materials in unemployment compensation programs for those claimants who do not read, understand, or speak English well or at all. Thousands of employable persons in the United States do not read, understand, or speak English. These persons may be unable to receive unemployment compensation benefits or may receive delayed benefits solely because they are unable to comprehend English. The authors examine how ten states with substantial populations of limited-English-proficient speakers have provided these persons access to their state's unemployment compensation programs. The authors find varying practices among the states in …
Due Process Implications Of Telephone Hearings: The Case For An Individualized Approach To Scheduling Telephone Hearings, Allan A. Toubman, Tim Mcardle, Linda Rogers-Tomer
Due Process Implications Of Telephone Hearings: The Case For An Individualized Approach To Scheduling Telephone Hearings, Allan A. Toubman, Tim Mcardle, Linda Rogers-Tomer
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
As the executive branch shrinks and reduces expenditures, its adjudicative functions adjust to the new fiscal reality. Telephone hearings are, therefore, increasingly being used in order to control costs. This Article examines the impact of telephone hearings on the due process elements of unemployment compensation 'fair" hearings. The Authors review the applicable federal and state law and find that there is no absolute bar to using the telephone to conduct administrative hearings. They test the empirical effect of the telephone on hearings in California and Maine. Their analysis of hundreds of hearings indicates that parties to telephone hearings are less …
The Law And Politics Of The Enforcement Of Federal Standards For The Administration Of Unemployment Insurance Hearings, John C. Gray Jr., Jane Greengold Stevens
The Law And Politics Of The Enforcement Of Federal Standards For The Administration Of Unemployment Insurance Hearings, John C. Gray Jr., Jane Greengold Stevens
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
Unemployment insurance claimants are entitled to have state unemployment programs administered in accordance with federal standards, which include the provision of prompt and fair hearings for claimants if their applications for benefits are denied. Violations of these rights are widespread, but the United States Department of Labor's Unemployment Insurance Service has never brought a formal proceeding to enforce the federal standards of administration. This Article explains why enforcement of the federal standards is needed and why it has not been provided and suggests methods by which advocates for claimants can seek to enforce federal standards in the face of this …
Federal Law Requirements For The Federal-State Unemployment Compensation System: Interpretation And Application, Gerard Hildebrand
Federal Law Requirements For The Federal-State Unemployment Compensation System: Interpretation And Application, Gerard Hildebrand
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
The benefits provided to states by federal unemployment compensation law are conditioned on meeting several requirements. This Article examines some of these requirements, how they came about, how the United States Department of Labor and the federal courts have interpreted them, and how conflicts between the states and the federal government have been resolved. The Article concludes that certain types of requirements work best within this federal-state system.
Introduction: Unemployment Compensation Eligibility, Cheryl A. Leanza
Introduction: Unemployment Compensation Eligibility, Cheryl A. Leanza
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
This Introduction will review the Symposium sessions which dealt with eligibility issues. Many of the statements made by the panel participants and audience members highlighted the contemporary problems of a system established over sixty years ago. Thus, this Introduction seeks to record the main points made during these sessions in an effort to contribute to the debate regarding reform of the unemployment compensation system.
Introduction: The Federal-State Partnership Of Unemployment Compensation, Richard W. Fanning Jr.
Introduction: The Federal-State Partnership Of Unemployment Compensation, Richard W. Fanning Jr.
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
Federal and state governments jointly administer the unemployment compensation system. Many participants at the Symposium addressed this aspect of unemployment compensation, and it is the topic of the four Articles that follow. This Introduction discusses three broad areas in order to provide a framework for issues concerning federal-state relations in unemployment compensation. This Introduction also will highlight some of the points made by Symposium participants in response to the ideas expressed in the following Articles. Part I addresses how the federal-state partnership operates and defines areas of responsibility for both the states and the federal government. Part I also discusses …
Procedural Reform In The Unemployment Insurance System, Marla D. Clark, Jesse S. Reyes
Procedural Reform In The Unemployment Insurance System, Marla D. Clark, Jesse S. Reyes
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
In the 1990s, we have witnessed a political movement toward smaller governament and reduced federal funding for social benefits programs. At the same time, evidence suggests that the unemployment insurance (UI) system as it works today still may not benefit all of its intended recipients. The need for improved UI services and the scarcity of resources available to meet this need create a tension between political pressures and constitutional considerations of fairness and due process. While constitutional considerations always override political pressures, the real issue is where to strike the appropriate balance between fundamental fairness and economic reality.