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Regional Security And The Challenges Of Democratisation In Africa: The Case Of Ecowas And Sadc, Jeremy I. Levitt
Regional Security And The Challenges Of Democratisation In Africa: The Case Of Ecowas And Sadc, Jeremy I. Levitt
Journal Publications
In recent years, African leaders have aggressively sought to strengthen their regional security structures while simultaneously attempting to democratise. Although they recognise that African regional organisations will need to assume a greater role in tackling Africa's security problems, the challenges posed by on-going democratisation efforts have had a visible impact on the effectiveness of some regional organisations. This article examines the challenges that democratisation poses to regional collective security arrangements in Africa, with specific reference to ECOWAS and SADC. It argues that whilst the inclination to democratise has influenced the establishment of new collective security structures, the superficial nature of …
Pre-Intervention Trust-Building, African States And Enforcing The Peace, Jeremy I. Levitt
Pre-Intervention Trust-Building, African States And Enforcing The Peace, Jeremy I. Levitt
Journal Publications
This article is concerned with examining the dynamics of trust-building in a pre-intervention context.' Specifically, it will analyse the concept of trustbuilding prior to the ECOWAS humanitarian interventions in Liberia and Sierra Leone, although the general thrust of my argument will no doubt apply to other African interventions.' Humanitarian intervention can be taken to mean: Intervention in a state involving the use of force (U.N. action in Iraq and Somalia or ECOWAS action in Liberia and Sierra Leone) or threat of force (U.N. action in Haiti), where the intervenor deploys armed forces and, at the least, makes clear that it …