Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
-
- American University Washington College of Law (3)
- Columbia Law School (2)
- Duke Law (2)
- Schulich School of Law, Dalhousie University (2)
- Barry University School of Law (1)
-
- Boston University School of Law (1)
- Chicago-Kent College of Law (1)
- Florida A&M University College of Law (1)
- Florida International University College of Law (1)
- Maurer School of Law: Indiana University (1)
- Texas A&M University School of Law (1)
- University of Arkansas at Little Rock William H. Bowen School of Law (1)
- University of Baltimore Law (1)
- University of Colorado Law School (1)
- University of Georgia School of Law (1)
- University of Maine School of Law (1)
- University of Missouri School of Law (1)
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas -- William S. Boyd School of Law (1)
- University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School (1)
- University of Pittsburgh School of Law (1)
Articles 1 - 25 of 25
Full-Text Articles in Law
Searching Places Unknown: Law Enforcement Jurisdiction On The Dark Web, Ahmed Ghappour
Searching Places Unknown: Law Enforcement Jurisdiction On The Dark Web, Ahmed Ghappour
Faculty Scholarship
The use of hacking tools by law enforcement to pursue criminal suspects who have anonymized their communications on the dark web presents a looming flashpoint between criminal procedure and international law. Criminal actors who use the dark web (for instance, to commit crimes or to evade authorities) obscure digital footprints left behind with third parties, rendering existing surveillance methods obsolete. In response, law enforcement has implemented hacking techniques that deploy surveillance software over the Internet to directly access and control criminals’ devices. The practical reality of the underlying technologies makes it inevitable that foreign-located computers will be subject to remote …
The International Criminal Court In Africa: Impartiality, Politics, Complementarity And Brexit, Bartram Brown
The International Criminal Court In Africa: Impartiality, Politics, Complementarity And Brexit, Bartram Brown
All Faculty Scholarship
I have known and been inspired by Henry J. Richardson III and his scholarship for many years. A hallmark of his work has been his focus upon African-American interests in international law and also upon the rights and interests of African states. In acknowledgement of that intellectual debt, it is my honor to dedicate the following article to this festschrift celebrating his life and work.
Using A Shield As A Sword: Are International Organizations Abusing Their Immunity?, Daniel D. Bradlow
Using A Shield As A Sword: Are International Organizations Abusing Their Immunity?, Daniel D. Bradlow
Articles in Law Reviews & Other Academic Journals
The starting point for this paper is that IOs are as subjects of international law. Since IOs do not control territory or a population and so always operate within the jurisdiction of one of their member states, they are vulnerable to interference by their member states. In order to mitigate this risk, IOs have been granted qualified immunity, usually referred to as functional immunity, from the jurisdiction of their member states. For most of the twentieth century, this grant of functional immunity made sense for two reasons.
First, the founding states envisaged that IOs would have limited capacity to act …
Academy On Human Rights And Humanitarian Law Articles And Essays On Extractive Industries And Human Rights: Introduction, Claudia Martin, Diego Rodriguez-Pnzon
Academy On Human Rights And Humanitarian Law Articles And Essays On Extractive Industries And Human Rights: Introduction, Claudia Martin, Diego Rodriguez-Pnzon
Articles in Law Reviews & Other Academic Journals
We are delighted to present this year's publication of the Academy on Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, which includes the three best essays in English and in Spanish recognized in the 2016 Human Rights Essay Award competition. It is satisfying to think that this competition allowed a number of participants an opportunity to expound their thoughts on so many important topics and areas of the world. We hope these participants are able to use their articles as mechanisms for change.
Humanizing Intellectual Property: Moving Beyond The Natural Rights Property Focus, J. Janewa Oseitutu
Humanizing Intellectual Property: Moving Beyond The Natural Rights Property Focus, J. Janewa Oseitutu
Faculty Publications
This Article compares the natural rights property framework with the human rights framework for intellectual property. These two frameworks share a common theoretical basis in the natural rights tradition, but they appear to lead to conflicting outcomes. Proponents of natural rights to intellectual property tend to support more expansive intellectual property protections. Advocates of a human rights approach to intellectual property contend, however, that human rights will have a moderating influence on intellectual property law. This Article is among the first scholarly works to explore the apparent conflict between these two important frameworks for intellectual property. It concludes that a …
What Is Foreign Relations Law?, Curtis A. Bradley
What Is Foreign Relations Law?, Curtis A. Bradley
Faculty Scholarship
This draft first chapter of The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Foreign Relations Law considers what is potentially encompassed by the term “foreign relations law,” and what it might mean to think about it as a distinct field of law that can be compared and contrasted across national jurisdictions. The chapter begins by outlining some differences between foreign relations law and international law. It then describes the development of foreign relations law as a field of study within the United States and considers why, at least until recently, it has not been treated as a field in most other countries. Finally, …
Wrestling Tyrants: Do We Need An International Criminal Justice System?, Christopher L. Blakesley
Wrestling Tyrants: Do We Need An International Criminal Justice System?, Christopher L. Blakesley
Scholarly Works
Prof. Christopher L. Blakesley delivered this keynote address at the Crimes Without Borders: In Search of an International Justice System Symposium, held at the McGeorge School of Law in the spring of 2016.
Under International Law, Must A Ship On The High Seas Fly The Flag Of A State In Order To A Void Being A Stateless Vessel? Is A Flag Painted On Either Side Of The Ship Sufficient To Identify It?, Barry Hart Dubner, Mary Carmen Arias
Under International Law, Must A Ship On The High Seas Fly The Flag Of A State In Order To A Void Being A Stateless Vessel? Is A Flag Painted On Either Side Of The Ship Sufficient To Identify It?, Barry Hart Dubner, Mary Carmen Arias
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Revisiting Transnational Corporations And Extractive Industries: Climate Justice, Feminism, And State Sovereignty, Sara Seck
Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press
This Article explicitly examines the relationship between climate justice, gender, and transnational fossil fuel extractive industries by drawing upon feminist theoretical insights. First, I provide an overview of the differential impacts of climate change on women and briefly review insights from select international legal scholars who have considered gender and climate change. Second, I describe the Philippines climate petition, a novel attempt to seek an investigation into the accountability of transnational fossil fuel companies for climate harms. Third, I examine three sets of issues arising in the Philippines climate petition and draw explicitly upon Karen Knop’s Re/Statements: Feminism and State …
Corporate Criminal Responsibility For Human Rights Violations: Jurisdiction And Reparations, Kenneth S. Gallant
Corporate Criminal Responsibility For Human Rights Violations: Jurisdiction And Reparations, Kenneth S. Gallant
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
The Continuing Evolution Of U.S. Judgments Recognition Law, Ronald A. Brand
The Continuing Evolution Of U.S. Judgments Recognition Law, Ronald A. Brand
Articles
The substantive law of judgments recognition in the United States has evolved from federal common law, found in a seminal Supreme Court opinion, to primary reliance on state law in both state and federal courts. While state law often is found in a local version of a uniform act, this has not brought about true uniformity, and significant discrepancies exist among the states. These discrepancies in judgments recognition law, combined with a common policy on the circulation of internal judgments under the United States Constitution’s Full Faith and Credit Clause, have created opportunities for forum shopping and litigation strategies that …
Showing Them How It's Done: Justice Cromwell's International Law Jurisprudence, Robert Currie
Showing Them How It's Done: Justice Cromwell's International Law Jurisprudence, Robert Currie
Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press
This paper examines the international law judgments authored by Justice Tom Cromwell of the Supreme Court of Canada, focusing on the methodology used in applying treaty law within the Canadian legal context. It concludes that Justice Cromwell's decisions in this area are a model of solid methodology, clarity and attention to fairness to all parties.
Blood Antiquities: Addressing A Culture Of Impunity In The Antiquities Market, Paul Williams, Christin Coster
Blood Antiquities: Addressing A Culture Of Impunity In The Antiquities Market, Paul Williams, Christin Coster
Articles in Law Reviews & Other Academic Journals
For decades, parties to conflicts have used the cover of war to destroy and loot cultural property and antiquities for financial gain and symbolic victory. The “blood antiquities” excavated in conflict areas and sold mostly in western markets fuel not only continued conflict, but also (as in cases such as Syria and Iraq) terrorism that can reach around the world. The culture of impunity for both buyers and sellers of antiquities allows the blood-antiquities trade to thrive.
A robust international legal framework does exist to ensure accountability for the destruction of cultural heritage. Because looting is a major cause of …
Writing Truth To Power: Remarks In Celebration Of Intlawgrrls’ Tenth Birthday, Diane Marie Amann
Writing Truth To Power: Remarks In Celebration Of Intlawgrrls’ Tenth Birthday, Diane Marie Amann
Scholarly Works
These remarks begin with a brief history of the founding and development of IntLawGrrls blog, in order both to open the blog's tenth-anniversary conference and to introduce other conference presentations, three of which appear in this same edition of the Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law. Noting the blog's tradition of honoring departed women as foremothers, the remarks nominates yet another: Sophie Scholl, a German student executed for her part in the White Rose movement that acted in resistance to the Nazi regime.
Enforcing The Fcpa: International Resonance And Domestic Strategy, Rachel Brewster
Enforcing The Fcpa: International Resonance And Domestic Strategy, Rachel Brewster
Faculty Scholarship
The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”), which bans corporations from offering bribes to foreign government officials, was enacted during the Watergate era’s crackdown on political corruption but remained only weakly enforced for its first two decades. American industry argued that the law created an uneven playing field in global commerce, which made robust enforcement politically unpopular. This Article documents how the executive branch strategically under- enforced the FCPA, while Congress and the President pushed for an international agreement that would bind other countries to rules similar to those of the United States. The Article establishes that U.S. officials ramped up …
Developing A Matrix For Intellectual Property As Subject Of International Law, Sam F. Halabi
Developing A Matrix For Intellectual Property As Subject Of International Law, Sam F. Halabi
Faculty Publications
Intellectual property disputes implicating diverse and seemingly unrelated international legal regimes have become more frequent, acrimonious, and high-stakes. This trend has spawned an enormous academic literature endeavoring to rationalize the approach various interpretive authorities take to intellectual property disputes. Graeme Austin and Larry Helfer's Human Rights and Intellectual Property offered a framework by which to resolve claims for or against intellectual property protection based on human rights arguments; Susy Frankel has extensively assessed the application of customary international rules of interpretation in furtherance of a rationalizing approach to complex IP conflicts; and Jerry Reichman. Paul Uhlir. and Tom Dedeurwaerdere have …
Constructing Citizenship Through War In The Human Rights Era, Timothy W. Waters
Constructing Citizenship Through War In The Human Rights Era, Timothy W. Waters
Articles by Maurer Faculty
War's historical relationship to the creation of territorial nation-states is well known, but what empirical and normative role does war play in creating the citizen in a modern democracy? Although contemporary theories of citizenship and human rights do not readily acknowledge a legitimate, generative function for war - as evidenced by restrictions on aggression, annexation of occupied territory, expulsions, denationalization, or derogation of fundamental rights - an empirical assessment of state practice, including the interpretation of international legal obligations, suggests that war plays a powerfully transformative role in the construction of citizenship, and that international law and norms implicitly accept …
Introduction: Legitimacy And International Courts, Harlan Grant Cohen, Andreas Follesdal, Nienke Grossman, Geir Ulfstein
Introduction: Legitimacy And International Courts, Harlan Grant Cohen, Andreas Follesdal, Nienke Grossman, Geir Ulfstein
All Faculty Scholarship
Legitimacy and International Courts examines the underpinnings of legitimacy, or the justification of the authority, of international courts and tribunals. It brings together an esteemed group of authors, noted for both their expertise in individual courts, tribunals, or other adjudicatory bodies, and their work on legitimacy, effectiveness, and governance more broadly, to consider the legitimacy of international courts from a comparative perspective. Authors explore what strengthens and weakens the legitimacy of various different international courts, while also considering broader theories of international court legitimacy. Some chapters highlight the sociological or normative legitimacy of specific courts or tribunals, while others address …
Bilateral Investment Treaties And Domestic Institutional Reform, Richard C. Chen
Bilateral Investment Treaties And Domestic Institutional Reform, Richard C. Chen
Faculty Publications
The bilateral investment treaties (BITs) signed between developed and developing countries are supposed to increase the flow of investment from the former to the latter. But the evidence indicates that the existing approach of guaranteeing special protections for foreign investors has only a modest impact on luring their dollars. At the same time they are failing to produce meaningful benefits, these treaty commitments create substantial costs for the host states that make them, exposing them to liability and constraining their regulatory authority. Given this state of imbalance, the time seems ripe for a new approach, but existing proposals for revising …
Book Review, Anna Spain Bradley
From Treaties To International Commitments: The Changing Landscape Of Foreign Relations Law, Jean Galbraith
From Treaties To International Commitments: The Changing Landscape Of Foreign Relations Law, Jean Galbraith
All Faculty Scholarship
Sometimes the United States makes international commitments in the manner set forth in the Treaty Clause. But far more often it uses congressional-executive agreements, sole executive agreements, and soft law commitments. Foreign relations law scholars typically approach these other processes from the perspective of constitutional law, seeking to determine the extent to which they are constitutionally permissible. In contrast, this Article situates the myriad ways in which the United States enters into international commitments as the product not only of constitutional law, but also of international law and administrative law. Drawing on all three strands of law provides a rich …
Beyond Borders: Martin Luther King, Jr., Africa, And Pan Africanism, Jeremy I. Levitt
Beyond Borders: Martin Luther King, Jr., Africa, And Pan Africanism, Jeremy I. Levitt
Journal Publications
This modest essay was a work of love in honor of Henry J. Richardson III, my dear brother, friend, mentor, and father in international law. Hank is universally recognized as the Dean of Black international law scholars and lawyers in the United States (U.S.), Africa, and beyond. He has single-handedly mentored three generations of international lawyers, influenced three generations of international legal scholarship, and established the Black International Tradition (BIT), which "stretches back to the very origins of our nation, preceding even the Constitution." His works on Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s (King) leadership, authority, and ministry as a global …
Unilateral Corporate Regulation, William Magnuson
Unilateral Corporate Regulation, William Magnuson
Faculty Scholarship
Corporations today wield unprecedented power in politics and society, and they have a tremendous effect on human welfare around the globe. At the same time, they are increasingly difficult to regulate. Corporations are savvy and mobile, and they can relocate to avoid burdensome domestic regulation with surprising ease. The agility of corporations creates a dilemma for government decisionmakers seeking to balance the need to attract the wealth that corporations create with the desire to pursue other policy priorities. One potential approach that governments have used to address this dilemma is international cooperation, and a growing number of scholars have argued …
How International Is International Law: Remarks By Lori F. Damrosch, Lori Fisler Damrosch
How International Is International Law: Remarks By Lori F. Damrosch, Lori Fisler Damrosch
Faculty Scholarship
Our moderator's questions begin with “in what sense is international law and in what sense isn't it universal?” and continue with whether international law may be “different in different places” and what the implications of such differences may be. I am here to defend the “universalist” perspective, as the immediate past president of the American Society of International Law and before that, editor-in-chief of the American Journal of International Law. Though both the Society and the Journal have “American” in their titles and our geographic headquarters is in the United States, the Society's mission statement commits us to pursue …
Why The State?, Joseph Raz
Why The State?, Joseph Raz
Faculty Scholarship
I offer two questions for the price of one: Why do so many jurisprudential theories focus on the state? And what is it about the State that gives it a special place in our social arrangements? I do not mean these to address all aspects of states. They are questions about the law or legal systems of states.
We have to be open to a negative answer to the second question, thus being critical of jurisprudential theories that focus more or less exclusively on the state. That need not deny that states have their own legal systems. It could merely …