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Articles 1 - 30 of 116
Full-Text Articles in Law
Stuck In Ohio's Legal Limbo, How Many Mistrials Are Too Many Mistrials?: Exploring New Factors That Help A Trial Judge In Ohio Know Whether To Exercise Her Authority To Dismiss An Indictment With Prejudice, Especially Following Repeated Hung Juries, Samantha M. Cira
Cleveland State Law Review
Multiple mistrials following validly-prosecuted trials are becoming an increasingly harsh reality in today’s criminal justice system. Currently, the Ohio Supreme Court has not provided any guidelines to help its trial judges know when to make the crucial decision to dismiss an indictment with prejudice following a string of properly-declared mistrials, especially due to repeated hung juries. Despite multiple mistrials that continue to result in no conviction, criminal defendants often languish behind bars, suffering detrimental psychological harm and a loss of personal freedom as they remain in “legal limbo” waiting to retry their case. Furthermore, continuously retrying defendants cuts against fundamental …
The “Right” Right To Environmental Protection: What We Can Discern From The American And Indian Constitutional Experience, Deepa Badrinarayana
The “Right” Right To Environmental Protection: What We Can Discern From The American And Indian Constitutional Experience, Deepa Badrinarayana
Brooklyn Journal of International Law
Should there be a constitutional right to environmental protection? Arguments for and against are aplenty, but there is no consensus on this issue. Drawing on the experience within the U.S. and Indian Constitutions, this article posits that the right to environmental protection has normative and practical significance, because a constitutional right attaches to an individual and, hence, can protect an individual from environmental harms, whereas environmental laws, that focus primarily on reducing adverse environmental impact on a general population, may not. It further argues that, to be effective, three constitutionally-embedded rights that are central to preserving the right to environmental …
Rideout V. Riendeau: Grandparent Visitation In Maine After Troxel, Theodore A. Small
Rideout V. Riendeau: Grandparent Visitation In Maine After Troxel, Theodore A. Small
Maine Law Review
Rideout v. Riendeau presented a case in which two grandparents, Rose and Chesley Rideout, sought visitation of their three grandchildren. Though the Rideouts had served as the childrens' “primary caregivers and custodians” for significant periods of time, the childrens' parents, Heaven-Marie Riendeau, who was the Rideouts' daughter, and Jeffrey Riendeau, ended all contact between the children and the Rideouts due to a strained relationship between the Rideouts and the Riendeaus. The Rideouts filed a complaint pursuant to Maine's Grandparents Visitation Act (the Act), which allows grandparents to bring a petition for visitation when there is a “sufficient existing relationship between …
With Malice Toward One: Malice And The Substantive Law In "Class Of One" Equal Protection Claims In The Wake Of Village Of Willowbrook V. Olech, Shaun M. Gehan
With Malice Toward One: Malice And The Substantive Law In "Class Of One" Equal Protection Claims In The Wake Of Village Of Willowbrook V. Olech, Shaun M. Gehan
Maine Law Review
It may be time to relearn the fundamentals of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. According to the Supreme Court, in a brief and unassuming per curiam opinion in Village of Willowbrook v. Olech, violations of equal protection do not of necessity rely on class-based discriminations. Federal, state, and local governments can violate the equal protection rights of an individual qua individual; a so-called “class of one.” The ramifications of this decision are just now becoming clear, and it has already led to some surprising results in areas of statutory law thought to be well settled. The only …
Running From The Gender Police: Reconceptualizing Gender To Ensure Protection For Non-Binary People, Katie Reineck
Running From The Gender Police: Reconceptualizing Gender To Ensure Protection For Non-Binary People, Katie Reineck
Michigan Journal of Gender & Law
Non-binary people who are discriminated against at work or school are in a unique and demoralizing position. Not only have some courts expressed reluctance to use existing antidiscrimination law to protect plaintiffs who are discriminated against based on their gender identity and not simply because they are men or women, in most states non-binary genders are not legally recognized. I argue that a fundamental right to self-identification grounded in the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment would provide non-binary plaintiffs with the ability to assert their gender in court and have that assertion carry legal weight, regardless of how …
Due Process Abroad, Nathan Chapman
Due Process Abroad, Nathan Chapman
Scholarly Works
Defining the scope of the Constitution’s application outside U.S. territory is more important than ever. This month the Supreme Court will hear oral argument about whether the Constitution applies when a U.S. officer shoots a Mexican child across the border. Meanwhile the federal courts are scrambling to evaluate the constitutionality of an Executive Order that, among other things, deprives immigrants of their right to reenter the United States. Yet the extraterritorial reach of the Due Process Clause — the broadest constitutional limit on the government’s authority to deprive persons of “life, liberty, and property” — remains obscure. Up to now, …
Shh! State Legislators Bite Your Tongues: Semantics Dictates The Constitutionality Of Public School "Moment Of Silence" Statutes, Elizabeth Anne Walsh
Shh! State Legislators Bite Your Tongues: Semantics Dictates The Constitutionality Of Public School "Moment Of Silence" Statutes, Elizabeth Anne Walsh
The Catholic Lawyer
No abstract provided.
Silent Protest: A Catholic Justice Dissents In Buck V. Bell, Phillip Thompson
Silent Protest: A Catholic Justice Dissents In Buck V. Bell, Phillip Thompson
The Catholic Lawyer
No abstract provided.
The Failure Of Education Federalism, Kristi L. Bowman
The Failure Of Education Federalism, Kristi L. Bowman
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
Since the Great Recession of 2007–09, states have devoted even less money to public education and state courts have become even more hostile to structural reform litigation that has sought to challenge education funding and quality. Yet the current model of education federalism (dual federalism) leaves these matters largely to the states. As a result, state-level legislative inaction, executive acquiescence, and judicial abdication can combine to create a situation in which the quality of traditional public schools declines sharply. This is the case in Michigan, which is an unusually important state not only because the dynamics that are emerging in …
Kingsley Breathes New Life Into Substantive Due Process As A Check On Abuse Of Government Power, Rosalie Berger Levinson
Kingsley Breathes New Life Into Substantive Due Process As A Check On Abuse Of Government Power, Rosalie Berger Levinson
Notre Dame Law Review
Part I of this Article briefly summarizes the origin and judicial development of substantive due process, focusing on the lead cases that have led appellate courts to narrowly construe the substantive due process guarantee. Part II discusses the Kingsley opinion, both the majority’s analysis and the dissent’s objection to the use of an objective reasonableness test. Part III suggests how Kingsley can be used by litigators seeking to protect pretrial detainees, not only from excessive force, but also from an official’s failure to protect or failure to care for the medical and other needs of pretrial detainees. Part IV explains …
Legal/Legislative Issues In Euthanasia And Physician-Assisted Suicide, Edward Grant
Legal/Legislative Issues In Euthanasia And Physician-Assisted Suicide, Edward Grant
The Catholic Lawyer
No abstract provided.
The Right To Self-Directed Death: Reconsidering An Ancient Proscription, G. Steven Neeley
The Right To Self-Directed Death: Reconsidering An Ancient Proscription, G. Steven Neeley
The Catholic Lawyer
No abstract provided.
The Crossroads Of A Legal Fiction And The Reality Of Families, Andrew L. Weinstein
The Crossroads Of A Legal Fiction And The Reality Of Families, Andrew L. Weinstein
Maine Law Review
In Adoption of M.A., the Maine Supreme Judicial Court, sitting as the Law Court, held that an unmarried, same-sex couple could file a joint petition for adoption of two foster children in their care. This recent decision is only a fraction of a story that originated a long time ago when same-sex couples began raising children. This Comment begins by examining the role of the state courts and the United States Supreme Court in their exposition of family law relating to adoption by same-sex couples. The United States Supreme Court has periodically weighed in on family law and parenting in …
Bray V. Alexandria Women's Health Clinic: Abortion Protesters Are Not Liable Under The Ku Klux Klan Act, Sue Mota
The Catholic Lawyer
No abstract provided.
Constitution Day Lecture: Constitutional Law And Tort Law: Injury, Race, Gender, And Equal Protection, Jennifer B. Wriggins
Constitution Day Lecture: Constitutional Law And Tort Law: Injury, Race, Gender, And Equal Protection, Jennifer B. Wriggins
Maine Law Review
The focus of today’s annual Constitution Day lecture at the University of Maine School of Law is on the Fourteenth Amendment and specifically how the Equal Protection Clause relates to tort law. First, I will talk about the Equal Protection Clause in general—what it says, and some of what it has been held to mean—particularly where government makes distinctions based on race and gender. Second, I will discuss two historical tort cases that violate equal protection on the basis of race. In doing so, I uncover the racial history of tort law that has been hidden in plain sight. I …
Fisher V. University Of Texas At Austin: Navigating The Narrows Between Grutter And Parents Involved, Kimberly A. Pacelli
Fisher V. University Of Texas At Austin: Navigating The Narrows Between Grutter And Parents Involved, Kimberly A. Pacelli
Maine Law Review
Universities’ use of race as a factor in their admissions decisions has been a divisive issue both in the legal system and in political discourse. Opponents of affirmative action have challenged racial preferences in public university admissions under the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Individuals who find themselves denied a coveted seat in a university class and suspect that racial preferences are to blame will often challenge their rejection as a denial of their state’s “equal protection of the laws.” The United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit recently considered whether the University of Texas at …
Enough Is Enough: The Law Court's Decision To Functionally Raise The "Reasonable Connection" Relevancy Standard In State V. Mitchell, Robert P. Hayes
Enough Is Enough: The Law Court's Decision To Functionally Raise The "Reasonable Connection" Relevancy Standard In State V. Mitchell, Robert P. Hayes
Maine Law Review
In State v. Mitchell, the Maine Supreme Judicial Court, sitting as the Law Court, affirmed a jury verdict finding Thomas Mitchell guilty of a 1983 murder. In doing so, the Law Court examined two issues: First, whether the trial court “abused its discretion in excluding evidence of an alternative suspect”; and second, whether the trial court’s decision to admit evidence stemming from an autopsy performed two decades before the trial violated the Confrontation Clause of the United States Constitution. In reaching the alternative suspect decision, the Law Court held that the evidence proffered by Mitchell did not establish a reasonable …
Enforcement Dissonance: Lobsters, The Legislature, And Federal Waters In State V. Thomas, Christopher J. Rauscher
Enforcement Dissonance: Lobsters, The Legislature, And Federal Waters In State V. Thomas, Christopher J. Rauscher
Maine Law Review
Consider the following: You, a Maine resident, and your friend, a Massachusetts resident, have gone for a weekend trout fishing trip to Acadia National Park in Downeast Maine. The two of you are happily catching trout, and then each of you hook a bass and reel it in. Keeping the bass is illegal under Maine law but not banned by the National Park. Along comes a Maine game warden, who spies the two of you and cites only you with a fine for catching and keeping the bass. The warden says nothing to the Massachusetts resident who continues to fish, …
God's Green Earth? The Environmental Impacts Of Religious Land Use, Kellen Zale
God's Green Earth? The Environmental Impacts Of Religious Land Use, Kellen Zale
Maine Law Review
Boulder County, Colorado has been at the forefront of the environmental movement for decades. Starting with its citizens’ vote in 1967 to implement a tax specifically to preserve open space, the city has long been known for its progressive environmental policies. At the center of Boulder’s environmental protection efforts is a comprehensive system of land use regulations designed to mitigate the slow chokehold of ever-encroaching development on wetlands and open space, on groundwater and soils, and on wildlife and native species. Numerous communities across the country have followed Boulder’s much-praised model and enacted their own environmental zoning laws to protect …
"Sweet Childish Days": Using Developmental Psychology Research In Evaluating The Admissibility Of Out-Of-Court Statements By Young Children, Lynn Mclain
Maine Law Review
Young children are frequently precluded from testifying at trial on the grounds of incompetency because they cannot answer questions about abstract concepts regarding “truth” and “lies.” In this situation, should the child’s earlier, out-of-court statements disclosing the abuse and identifying the abuser also be inadmissible? The stakes are huge. If young children cannot testify, and their out-of-court statements are precluded, they simply become safe prey, unprotected by the judicial system. The pivotal question becomes, are there procedures that can ensure fairness both to children and to their alleged abusers? This article argues that a child’s testimonial incapacity at trial ought …
Justice Blackmun And Individual Rights, Diane P. Wood
Justice Blackmun And Individual Rights, Diane P. Wood
Dickinson Law Review (2017-Present)
Of the many contributions Justice Blackmun has made to American jurisprudence, surely his record in the area of individual rights stands out for its importance. Throughout his career on the Supreme Court, he has displayed concern for a wide variety of individual and civil rights. He has rendered decisions on matters ranging from the most personal interests in autonomy and freedom from interference from government in life’s private realms, to the increasingly complex problems posed by discrimination based upon race, sex, national origin, alienage, illegitimacy, sexual orientation, and other characteristics. As his views have become well known to the public, …
Arming The Second Amendment - And Enforcing The Fourteenth, William Araiza
Arming The Second Amendment - And Enforcing The Fourteenth, William Araiza
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
The Equal Rights Amendment: A Legal Assessment, Wilfred R. Caron
The Equal Rights Amendment: A Legal Assessment, Wilfred R. Caron
The Catholic Lawyer
No abstract provided.
Abortion And The Conscience Of The Nation, Ronald Reagan
Abortion And The Conscience Of The Nation, Ronald Reagan
The Catholic Lawyer
No abstract provided.
Humane Provisions For Aborted Human Remains, Patrick Monaghan
Humane Provisions For Aborted Human Remains, Patrick Monaghan
The Catholic Lawyer
No abstract provided.
Human Life Federalism Amendment - I. Legal Aspects, Professor John S. Noonan, University Of California
Human Life Federalism Amendment - I. Legal Aspects, Professor John S. Noonan, University Of California
The Catholic Lawyer
No abstract provided.
Human Life Federalism Amendment - I. Legal Aspects, Dennis J. Horan, Esq.
Human Life Federalism Amendment - I. Legal Aspects, Dennis J. Horan, Esq.
The Catholic Lawyer
No abstract provided.
Human Life Federalism Amendment - I. Legal Aspects, Wilfred R. Caron, General Counsel, United States Catholic Conference
Human Life Federalism Amendment - I. Legal Aspects, Wilfred R. Caron, General Counsel, United States Catholic Conference
The Catholic Lawyer
No abstract provided.
The Loving Analogy: Race And The Early Same-Sex Marriage Debate, Samuel W D Walburn
The Loving Analogy: Race And The Early Same-Sex Marriage Debate, Samuel W D Walburn
The Purdue Historian
In the early same-sex marriage debates advocates and opponents of marriage equality often relied upon comparing mixed-race marriage jurisprudence and the Loving v Virginia decision in order to conceptualize same-sex marriage cases. Liberal commentators relied upon the analogy between the Loving decision in order to carve out space for the protection of same-sex marriage rights. Conservative scholars, however, denounced the equal protection and due process claims that relied on the sameness of race and sexuality as inexact parallels. Finally, queer and black radicals called the goal of marriage equality into question by highlighting the white supremacist and heterosexist nature of …
The Establishment Clause - The Expanding Definition Of Excessive Entanglement: Gilfillan V. City Of Philadelphia, Joseph J. Tesoriero
The Establishment Clause - The Expanding Definition Of Excessive Entanglement: Gilfillan V. City Of Philadelphia, Joseph J. Tesoriero
The Catholic Lawyer
No abstract provided.