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Full-Text Articles in Law
Eviscerating Patent Scope, Shahrokh Falati
Eviscerating Patent Scope, Shahrokh Falati
Articles & Chapters
The scope of patent claims directed to inventions in the field of pharmaceuticals and biotechnology has been stumped by the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit’s recent jurisprudence on 35 U.S.C. § 112. Specifically, the application of a heightened test for enablement of claims to a genus of compounds with functional limitations or a genus of therapeutic antibodies, coupled with an increasingly broader application of the written description doctrine, has resulted in considerable uncertainty in the biopharmaceutical industry. The Federal Circuit’s shift in interpreting 35 U.S.C. § 112 contravenes the statute and Supreme Court precedent by splitting the singular …
From Sandbox To Pandemic: Agile Reform Of Canadian Drug Regulation, Ipek Eren Vural, Matthew Herder, Janice E. Graham
From Sandbox To Pandemic: Agile Reform Of Canadian Drug Regulation, Ipek Eren Vural, Matthew Herder, Janice E. Graham
Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press
Public health urgency for emerging COVID-19 treatments and vaccines challenges regulators worldwide to ensure safety and efficacy while expediting approval. In Canada, legislative amendments by 2019 Om- nibus Bill C-97 created a new "agile" licensing framework known as the "Advanced Therapeutic Pathway" (ATPathway) and modernized the regulation of clinical trials of drugs, vaccines, and medical devices. Bill C-97′s amendments are worthy of attention in Canada and globally, as health product regulation bends to COVID-19. The amendments follow reforms elsewhere to accommodate health product innovation, how- ever, the Canadian ATPathway is broader and more flexible than its counterparts in other jurisdictions. …
The Gmo/Ge Debate, Joanna K. Sax
The Gmo/Ge Debate, Joanna K. Sax
Faculty Scholarship
The scientific community and the public sphere are having different debates about the application of genetic engineering to improve our food supply. Many that are deeply steeped in the science view genetically engineered food as a more precise way to accomplish what we have been doing for centuries, which is genetically modifying our food supply. Some members of the public view genetically engineered food with skepticism especially as it relates to health, safety and the environment. A disconnect between the scientific consensus and public perception is not a new phenomenon. This Article attempts to bridge this gap by explaining what …
Patents, Genetically Modified Foods, And Ip Overreaching, Elizabeth A. Rowe
Patents, Genetically Modified Foods, And Ip Overreaching, Elizabeth A. Rowe
UF Law Faculty Publications
Genetically engineered plants and animals have become and will continue to constitute a large part of the food we consume. The United States is the world's largest producer of genetically modified foods, making American consumers the most exposed population to these products. Agricultural biotechnology patents spur and support innovation. Accordingly, patent law is one of the main contributors to this phenomenon that has changed not only the kinds of food we eat, but the nature of the agri-business industry that produces these foods. This Article takes on an area of concern involving the patenting of food that has remained unexplored: …
Knowledge Commons: The Case Of The Biopharmaceutical Industry, Arti K. Rai
Knowledge Commons: The Case Of The Biopharmaceutical Industry, Arti K. Rai
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Patents, Product Exclusivity, And Information Dissemination: How Law Directs Biopharmaceutical Research And Development, Rebecca S. Eisenberg
Patents, Product Exclusivity, And Information Dissemination: How Law Directs Biopharmaceutical Research And Development, Rebecca S. Eisenberg
Other Publications
It's a great honor for me to be invited to deliver the Levine Distinguished Lecture at Fordham, and a great opportunity to try out some new ideas before this audience. As some of you know, I've been studying the role of patents in biomedical research and product development ("R&D") for close to twenty years now, with a particular focus on how patents work in "upstream" research in universities and biotechnology companies that are working on research problems that arise prior to "downstream" product development. But, of course, the patent strategies of these institutions are designed around the profits that everyone …
Reaching Through The Genome, Rebecca S. Eisenberg
Reaching Through The Genome, Rebecca S. Eisenberg
Book Chapters
The past two decades have been a period of rapid evolution in the science of biotechnology and therefore in patent strategies, if not in patent law itself. Patent law takes a long time to catch up with science, and commentators take a long time to catch up with the law, but patent lawyers don’t have that luxury. They have to keep ahead of the game, figuring out claiming strategies that allow their clients to capture the value of future discoveries. I want to discuss some of these strategies today.
Bayh-Dole Reform And The Progress Of Biomedicine, Arti K. Rai, Rebecca S. Eisenberg
Bayh-Dole Reform And The Progress Of Biomedicine, Arti K. Rai, Rebecca S. Eisenberg
Articles
Advances in fundamental biomedical research play an important and growing role in the development of new therapeutic and diagnostic products. Although the development of pharmaceutical end products has long been a proprietary enterprise, biomedical research comes from a very different tradition of open science. Within this tradition, long-standing norms call for relatively unfettered access to fundamental knowledge developed by prior researchers. The tradition of open science has eroded considerably over the past quarter century as proprietary claims have reached farther upstream from end products to cover fundamental discoveries that provide the knowledge base for future product development.
Patents: Help Or Hindrance To Technology Transfer?, Rebecca S. Eisenberg
Patents: Help Or Hindrance To Technology Transfer?, Rebecca S. Eisenberg
Book Chapters
Intellectual property is a broad heading used to refer to a wide variety of rights associated with inventions, discoveries, writings, artistic works, product designs, and designations of the source of goods and services. Patents and trade secrets are the most important of these sorts of intellectual properties in the field of biotechnology. One aspect of intellectual property that distinguishes it sharply from other forms of property-and for some people makes it harder to justify-is that intellectual properties may be possessed and used by many people simultaneously. This is not so for tangible property. If someone borrows my car, I cannot …
A False Start?: The Impact Of Federal Policy On The Genotechnology Industry, Maureen A. O'Rourke
A False Start?: The Impact Of Federal Policy On The Genotechnology Industry, Maureen A. O'Rourke
Faculty Scholarship
Important scientific discoveries in the field of human genetics have been reported in the nation's major newspapers since the beginning of the decade, and these discoveries have given rise to a multi-billion dollar industry. Mr. Malinowski and Professor O'Rourke explore the impact of federal policy on the field and the resulting industry. They argue that federal policy in support of genetics research and development has not been followed by the introduction of regulatory and health policy necessary for the efficient and responsible commercialization of the industiy's products. As a consequence, Mr. Malinowski and Professor O'Rourke suggest, federal policy may have …
Genetically Engineered Plant Pesticides: Recent Developments In The Epa's Regulation Of Biotechnology, Mary Jane Angelo
Genetically Engineered Plant Pesticides: Recent Developments In The Epa's Regulation Of Biotechnology, Mary Jane Angelo
UF Law Faculty Publications
This paper examines the EPA's new policy regulating plant pesticides and presents the legal, scientific and policy issues surrounding the regulation of genetically engineered plants. Part I introduces the concepts covered in this paper. Part II.A. discusses products that have originated from biotechnology. Part II.B. describes the EPA's legal authority for regulating plant pesticides and other biotechnology products. Part II.C. presents the history of federal regulation of biological pesticides and biotechnology products. Part III examines the controversy surrounding the use of genetically engineered plants, including the potential risks and benefits of genetically engineered plants and the public's perception of these …