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Articles 1 - 30 of 30
Full-Text Articles in Law
Shifting The Male Gaze Of Evidence, Teneille R. Brown
Shifting The Male Gaze Of Evidence, Teneille R. Brown
Utah Law Faculty Scholarship
In this article I target the altar at which many of us worship—the pursuit of rationality. For evidence purposes, rationality is defined as decisions that are reasonable, objective, inductive, and free from the bias of emotion. This view of rationality is deeply embedded in evidence scholarship and practice. It is also reflected in evidence rules like FRE 403, which treat emotional testimony as unfairly prejudicial simply because it is emotional. The anti-emotion view of rationality reflects the thinking of Western philosophical giants. Plato, Hobbes, Descartes, and Bacon all thought that men should strive for rationality by suppressing their emotions, because …
Critical Review Of The Use Of The Rorschach In European Courts, Igor Areh, Fanny Verkampt, Alfred Allan
Critical Review Of The Use Of The Rorschach In European Courts, Igor Areh, Fanny Verkampt, Alfred Allan
Research outputs 2014 to 2021
In relation to the admissibility of evidence obtained using projective personality tests arose in F v. Bevándorlási és Állampolgársági Hivatam (2018). The Court of Justice of the European Union has held that an expert’s report can only be accepted if it is based on the international scientific community’s standards, but has refrained from stipulating what these standards are. It appears timely for European psychologists to decide what standards should be applied to determine whether or not a test is appropriate for psycholegal use. We propose standards and then apply them to the Rorschach because it was used in this case …
Law, Fact, And Procedural Justice, G. Alexander Nunn
Law, Fact, And Procedural Justice, G. Alexander Nunn
Faculty Scholarship
The distinction between questions of law and questions of fact is deceptively complex. Although any first-year law student could properly classify those issues that fall at the polar ends of the law-fact continuum, the Supreme Court has itself acknowledged that the exact dividing line between law and fact—the point where legal inquiries end and factual ones begin—is “slippery,” “elusive,” and “vexing.” But identifying that line is crucially important. Whether an issue is deemed a question of law or a question of fact often influences the appointment of a courtroom decision maker, the scope of appellate review, the administration of certain …
Catching Killers With Consumer Genetic Information, Angela Hackstadt
Catching Killers With Consumer Genetic Information, Angela Hackstadt
University Libraries Faculty Scholarship
In April 2018, Joseph James D'Angelo was arrested as a suspect in the Golden State Killer case. DNA evidence collected at a 1980 crime scene finally shed light on the murderer's identity in early 2018 when investigators turned to GEDMatch, a service that allows users to upload and share DNA data obtained from consumer genetic tests. Consumer genetic testing, DNA collection, and familial DNA searching all raise ethical and privacy concerns. If investigators are using genetic genealogy to solve cold cases, where does that leave consumers?
Trade Openness And Antitrust Law, Anu Bradford, Adam S. Chilton
Trade Openness And Antitrust Law, Anu Bradford, Adam S. Chilton
Faculty Scholarship
Openness to international trade and adoption of antitrust laws can both curb anti-competitive behavior. But scholars have long debated the relationship between the two. Some argue that greater trade openness makes antitrust unnecessary, while others contend that antitrust laws are still needed to realize the benefits of trade liberalization. Data limitations have made this debate largely theoretical to date. We study the relationship between trade and antitrust empirically using new data on antitrust laws and enforcement activities. We find that trade openness and stringency of antitrust laws are positively correlated from 1950 to 2010 overall, but the positive correlation disappears …
Admissibility And Constitutional Issues Of The Concealed Information Test In American Courts: An Update, John B. Meixner Jr.
Admissibility And Constitutional Issues Of The Concealed Information Test In American Courts: An Update, John B. Meixner Jr.
Scholarly Works
The use of physiological tools to detect incidentally acquired concealed knowledge about crime-related information has been a controversial and well-researched topic among scholars for well over 100 years. This chapter focuses on potential legal hurdles for courtroom use of concealed information tests, including admissibility issues and constitutional issues under the Fourth and Fifth Amendments to the US Constitution.
Newsroom: Kuckes On Grand Jury Secrecy 8/30/2016, Roger Williams University School Of Law
Newsroom: Kuckes On Grand Jury Secrecy 8/30/2016, Roger Williams University School Of Law
Life of the Law School (1993- )
No abstract provided.
Newsroom: Goldstein On Drug Databases 6-27-2016, Sheri Qualters, Roger Williams University School Of Law
Newsroom: Goldstein On Drug Databases 6-27-2016, Sheri Qualters, Roger Williams University School Of Law
Life of the Law School (1993- )
No abstract provided.
Decision Making And The Law: Truth Barriers, Jonathan J. Koehler, John B. Meixner Jr.
Decision Making And The Law: Truth Barriers, Jonathan J. Koehler, John B. Meixner Jr.
Scholarly Works
Reaching an accurate outcome is a central goal of the American trial. But structural features of the legal system, in combination with the cognitive shortcomings of legal actors, hinder the search for truth. Regarding the legal system, various rules and policies restrict decision makers’ access to evidence, violate the laws of probability, and limit the evidentiary concerns that may be considered on appeal. Regarding legal actors, informational deficits (particularly regarding scientific and statistical evidence) and cognitive biases of police investigators, witnesses (lay and expert), attorneys, judges, and jurors pose serious obstacles. We conclude by suggesting that research in judgment and …
Law And Politics, An Emerging Epidemic: A Call For Evidence-Based Public Health Law, Michael Ulrich
Law And Politics, An Emerging Epidemic: A Call For Evidence-Based Public Health Law, Michael Ulrich
Faculty Scholarship
As Jacobson v. Massachusetts recognized in 1905, the basis of public health law, and its ability to limit constitutional rights, is the use of scientific data and empirical evidence. Far too often, this important fact is lost. Fear, misinformation, and politics frequently take center stage and drive the implementation of public health law. In the recent Ebola scare, political leaders passed unnecessary and unconstitutional quarantine measures that defied scientific understanding of the disease and caused many to have their rights needlessly constrained. Looking at HIV criminalization and exemptions to childhood vaccine requirements, it becomes clear that the blame cannot be …
Fortuity And Forensic Familial Identification, Natalie Ram
Fortuity And Forensic Familial Identification, Natalie Ram
All Faculty Scholarship
On July 7, 2010, Los Angeles police announced the arrest of a suspect in the Grim Sleeper murders, so called because of a decade-long hiatus in killings. The break in the case came when California searched its state DNA database for a genetic profile similar, but not identical, to the killer’s. DNA is inherited in specific and predictable ways, so a source-excluding partial match might indicate that a close genetic relative of the matching offender was the Grim Sleeper. California’s apparent success in this case has intensified interest in policymaking for source-excluding partial matching. To date, however, little information about …
Seeking Truth On The Other Side Of The Wall: Greenleaf’S Evangelists Meet The Federal Rules, Naturalism, And Judas, Nancy J. Kippenhan
Seeking Truth On The Other Side Of The Wall: Greenleaf’S Evangelists Meet The Federal Rules, Naturalism, And Judas, Nancy J. Kippenhan
Faculty Publications and Presentations
An inquiry that seeks truth by accepting only natural answers excludes the possibility of the sacred or supernatural, building a wall that forecloses a complete exploration for the truth it seeks. Without analysis, critics dismiss sources presenting supernatural explanations, and those who believe sacred works have no factual foundation accept without investigation any popular theory that appears attractive. The rules of evidence expressly seek truth, wherever it lies. Noted legal scholar Simon Greenleaf used evidentiary principles to demonstrate the factual credibility of the Gospels in his Testimony of the Evangelists. This Article examines Greenleaf’s analysis, applying current rules of evidence …
Evidentiary Wisdom And Blinders In Perspective: Thoughts On Misjudging, Elaine W. Shoben
Evidentiary Wisdom And Blinders In Perspective: Thoughts On Misjudging, Elaine W. Shoben
Scholarly Works
Empirical studies serve to enlighten the law, even when they simply confirm the wisdom of existing rules. Chris Guthrie's article, Misjudging, primarily serves that useful function—confirming the wisdom of existing rules—even though the author sought to establish something different. Guthrie's article applies insights from cognitive psychology to the resolution of legal disputes and presents some empirical proof of the effect of the application. He concludes that three sets of “blinders”—informational, cognitive, and attitudinal—affect the ability of judges to reach correct resolutions of disputes. He therefore recommends further appreciation of the ability of arbitration and mediation to avoid some of the …
What Do Snowmobiles, Mercury Emissions, Greenhouse Gases, And Runoff Have In Common?: The Controversy Over "Junk Science", Linda A. Malone
What Do Snowmobiles, Mercury Emissions, Greenhouse Gases, And Runoff Have In Common?: The Controversy Over "Junk Science", Linda A. Malone
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Judges As Film Critics: New Approaches To Filmic Evidence, Jessica Silbey
Judges As Film Critics: New Approaches To Filmic Evidence, Jessica Silbey
Faculty Scholarship
This Article exposes internal contradictions in case law deciding the use and admissibility of film as evidence. Based on a review of more than ninety state and federal cases dating from 1923 to the present, the Article explains how the source of these contradictions is the frequent miscategorization of film as "demonstrative evidence," that category of evidence that purports to illustrate other evidence rather than to be directly probative of some fact at issue. The Article further demonstrates how these contradictions are based on two venerable jurisprudential anxieties. One is the concern about the growing trend toward replacing the traditional …
Judges As Film Critics: New Approaches To Filmic Evidence, Jessica Silbey
Judges As Film Critics: New Approaches To Filmic Evidence, Jessica Silbey
Faculty Scholarship
This Article exposes internal contradictions in case law concerning the use and admissibility of film as evidence. Based on a review of more than ninety state and federal cases dating from 1923 to the present, the Article explains how the source of these contradictions is the frequent miscategorization of film as “demonstrative evidence,” evidence that purports to illustrate other evidence, rather than to be directly probative of some fact at issue. The Article further demonstrates how these contradictions are based on two venerable jurisprudential anxieties. One is the concern about the growing trend toward replacing the traditional testimony of live …
Some Thoughts On The Evidentiary Aspects Of Technologically Produced Or Presented Evidence, Fredric I. Lederer
Some Thoughts On The Evidentiary Aspects Of Technologically Produced Or Presented Evidence, Fredric I. Lederer
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Kentucky Law Survey: Evidence, Robert G. Lawson
Kentucky Law Survey: Evidence, Robert G. Lawson
Law Faculty Scholarly Articles
This Article is a survey of recent developments in evidence law. It focuses on specific issues, including statements for medical treatment or diagnosis, tape recordings, "probativeness" versus "prejudice," and others.
The Conflict Concerning Expert Witness And Legal Conclusions, Charles W. Ehrhardt
The Conflict Concerning Expert Witness And Legal Conclusions, Charles W. Ehrhardt
Scholarly Publications
No abstract provided.
The Hearsay Exception For Public Records In Federal Criminal Trials, Vincent C. Alexander
The Hearsay Exception For Public Records In Federal Criminal Trials, Vincent C. Alexander
Faculty Publications
The hearsay exception for "public records" was recognized at common law and has been further developed in most jurisdictions by statute. The reliability of public records is said to derive from the presumption of regularity and accuracy that attends the recording of events by public officials. As with the hearsay exception for recordsmade in the regular course of a private business, the reliability of many public records is enhanced by the routine and repetitive circumstancesunder which such records are made. An additional justificationfor the admission of public records is public convenience: If government employees are continually required to testify in …
State Medical Malpractice Screening Panels In Federal Diversity Actions, Vincent C. Alexander
State Medical Malpractice Screening Panels In Federal Diversity Actions, Vincent C. Alexander
Faculty Publications
During the early 1970's, a medical malpractice crisis was perceived in the United States. An increasing number of costly and time-consuming lawsuits alleging medical malpractice against doctors, hospitals, and other health care providers caused malpractice insurers to raise premiums substantially, which in turn threatened to curtail the availability of adequate health care at reasonable cost. State legislatures responded to the crisis with a variety of substantive and procedural measures intended to reduce the number of litigated claims and the size of jury awards. One of the principal steps taken in a majority of states was the creation of extrajudicial panels …
A Look At Florida's Proposed Code Of Evidence, Charles W. Ehrhardt
A Look At Florida's Proposed Code Of Evidence, Charles W. Ehrhardt
Scholarly Publications
The law of evidence had been codified in three states, California, New Jersey and Kansas, prior to the United States Supreme Court's promulgation of the Proposed Federal Rules of Evidence. The submission of the rules to the Congress, and their approval, as amended, by the House of Representatives served as the catalyst for renewed interest in evidence codification. Three states have recently adopted comprehensive Rules of Evidence that closely parallel the Proposed Federal Rules, and at least four other states, including Florida, have drafted or are actively considering the adoption of such a codification. During the 1974 session of the …
Evidence Code: Privileges, Charles W. Ehrhardt
Evidence Code: Privileges, Charles W. Ehrhardt
Scholarly Publications
No abstract provided.
Evidence Code: Presumptions, Charles W. Ehrhardt
Evidence Code: Presumptions, Charles W. Ehrhardt
Scholarly Publications
No abstract provided.
Evidence Code: Hearsay, Charles W. Ehrhardt
Evidence Code: Hearsay, Charles W. Ehrhardt
Scholarly Publications
No abstract provided.
Evidence Code: General Provisons, Charles W. Ehrhardt
Evidence Code: General Provisons, Charles W. Ehrhardt
Scholarly Publications
No abstract provided.
Evidence Code: Witnesses, Charles W. Ehrhardt
Evidence Code: Witnesses, Charles W. Ehrhardt
Scholarly Publications
No abstract provided.
Evidence Code: Relevancy, Charles W. Ehrhardt
Evidence Code: Relevancy, Charles W. Ehrhardt
Scholarly Publications
No abstract provided.
Evidence Code: Opinions And Expert Testimony, Charles W. Ehrhardt
Evidence Code: Opinions And Expert Testimony, Charles W. Ehrhardt
Scholarly Publications
No abstract provided.
Evidence Code: Judical Notice, Charles W. Ehrhardt
Evidence Code: Judical Notice, Charles W. Ehrhardt
Scholarly Publications
No abstract provided.