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Articles 1 - 30 of 37
Full-Text Articles in Law
Empowering Settlors: How Proper Language Can Increase The Enforceability Of A Mandatory Arbitration Provision In A Trust, S. I. Strong
Empowering Settlors: How Proper Language Can Increase The Enforceability Of A Mandatory Arbitration Provision In A Trust, S. I. Strong
Faculty Publications
With hostile trust litigation reaching epidemic proportions, many people within the trust industry are interested in identifying new and less expensive ways to resolve trust-related disputes. Arbitration is often proposed as a possible alternative, although questions exist about whether and to what extent a mandatory arbitration provision found in a trust will be considered enforceable by a court. Up until now, most commentary in this area of law has focused on purely jurisprudential issues, with little attention being paid to the practical efforts that settlors can make to increase the enforceability of arbitration provisions found in trusts. This Article takes …
Resolving Mass Legal Disputes Through Class Arbitration: The United States And Canada Compared, S. I. Strong
Resolving Mass Legal Disputes Through Class Arbitration: The United States And Canada Compared, S. I. Strong
Faculty Publications
This article compares three issues that have arisen as a result of recent Supreme Court decisions in both countries: the circumstances in which class arbitration is available; the procedures that must or may be used; and the nature of the right to proceed as a class. In so doing, the article not only offers valuable lessons to parties in the U.S. and Canada, but also provides observers from other countries with a useful framework for considering issues relating to the intersection between collective relief and arbitration.
Interim Measures , Marianne Roth
Interim Measures , Marianne Roth
Journal of Dispute Resolution
Traditionally, requests for interim relief have been a construct of courts. However, arbitrators are increasingly being asked to make such rulings themselves. Requesting interim relief from an arbitrator, as opposed to the court, is particularly appealing in international arbitration, where parties often engage in arbitration as a way of avoiding local courts and any home court advantage that may be associated with them. Sometimes, though, interim relief may be unavailable from the arbitral tribunal; for example, when coercion is associated with the requested measure. In such situations, the powers to grant interim measures are shared between arbitral tribunals and courts. …
From Noise To Music: The Potential Of The Multi-Door Courthouse (Casas De Justicia) Model To Advance Systemic Inclusion And Participation As A Foundation For Sustainable Rule Of Law In Latin America , Mariana Hernandez-Crespo
From Noise To Music: The Potential Of The Multi-Door Courthouse (Casas De Justicia) Model To Advance Systemic Inclusion And Participation As A Foundation For Sustainable Rule Of Law In Latin America , Mariana Hernandez-Crespo
Journal of Dispute Resolution
International bodies have attempted to provide a more sustainable response to instability through legal reform with an emphasis on rule of law, access to justice, and the use of alternative or appropriate dispute resolution. Yet, in Latin America of yesterday and today, there is a marked gap between law on the books and law in action, due in part to lack of citizen engagement.
Evaluating Public Access Ombuds Programs: An Analysis Of The Experiences Of Virginia, Iowa And Arizona In Creating And Implementing Ombuds Offices To Handle Disputes Arising Under Open Government Laws , Daxton R. Stewart
Journal of Dispute Resolution
The article begins with a review of literature regarding ombuds, public access laws, and dispute systems design. It follows with case studies of the development of public access ombuds offices in Virginia, Iowa, and Arizona. Finally, this article draws conclusions from those experiences, offering guidance to aid other jurisdictions in designing their own ombuds programs.
Bit Unfair: An Illustration Of The Backlash Against International Arbitration In Latin America, A, David Ma
Bit Unfair: An Illustration Of The Backlash Against International Arbitration In Latin America, A, David Ma
Journal of Dispute Resolution
With the survival of BITs at fulcrum, the Second Circuit recently decided a highly publicized and notorious case applying international arbitration in Chevron Corp. v. Republic of Ecuador. This comment will discuss Chevron and its effects within the wider corpus of BIT international arbitration to provide an illustration of the current debate and status of the BIT framework. The purported benefits BITs provide to signatory countries exist theoretically, and to test these theoretical underpinnings, this comment will discuss Chevron for the purpose of providing real context to a predominately academic debate. Chevron shall demonstrate that theoretical effects and practical effects …
If It Only Had A Heart: Supreme Court Eschews Compassion For Cash-Strapped Consumers In Upholding The Validity Of Arbitration Clauses In Credit Repair Contracts, Collin Koenig
Journal of Dispute Resolution
in CompuCredit Corp. v. Greenwood, the Supreme Court was faced with the issue of whether consumers' claims under the CROA can be resolved through contractually required arbitration, or whether the language of the statute requires resolution between credit repair organizations and consumers may include enforceable arbitration agreements. This note criticizes the Supreme Court's reasoning, partly inspired by Justice Ginsburg's dissent. In enforcing arbitrability of CROA disputes, the Court has acted contrary to Congress' purposes of the Act: to ensure that consumers are making an "informed decision" when dealing with CROs and to protect consumers from deceptive credit repair services. In …
Faa Versus The Magnuson - Moss Warranty Act: Which Warrants Precedence, The, Tyler Beckerle
Faa Versus The Magnuson - Moss Warranty Act: Which Warrants Precedence, The, Tyler Beckerle
Journal of Dispute Resolution
These questions have proven to be a formidable foe for the judiciary. Moreover, courts and commentators have been divided as to what answer will produce the best policy. In 2002, the discussion seemed to be headed toward conclusion after the Fifth and Eleventh Circuits found that the FAA should trump the MMWA in the event of statutory conflict. However, with the Ninth Circuit’s decision in Kolev v. Euromotors West/The Auto Gallery, this polarizing issue has once again become a focus in American jurisprudence. While the Ninth Circuit has recently withdrawn Kolev sua sponte, it is doubtful that the Ninth Circuit …
Supreme Court Issues Notice To Courts: Bifurcated Proceedings Still Required, Valerie Dixon
Supreme Court Issues Notice To Courts: Bifurcated Proceedings Still Required, Valerie Dixon
Journal of Dispute Resolution
The United States Supreme Court has made its preference for arbitration widely known through continued declarations of its policy to that effect. In KPMG v. Cocchi, the Supreme Court reaffirmed that preference once again. In that case, however, the Court also found a need to issue a reminder to lower courts that its decision in Dean Witter v. Byrd was still the law of the land. One of the most interesting questions arising from this clear reminder to adhere to precedent is why the Supreme Court felt the need to articulate it at all.
State Legislative Update , Lacy Cansler, Daniel Levy, Kelisen Molloy, Henry Tanner
State Legislative Update , Lacy Cansler, Daniel Levy, Kelisen Molloy, Henry Tanner
Journal of Dispute Resolution
While on the surface it seems like any legislation helping Americans keep their homes is a good idea, some critics question the effectiveness of these laws. They cite evidence (to be discussed below) showing foreclosure rates do not improve in states with foreclosure mediation laws. Others argue that while it may only be a short-term fix towards the larger problems that ail our economy, foreclosure mediation has shown to be a positive measure that helps many Americans, especially when the law is properly written. This paper will analyze the recent foreclosure mediation laws, and will explore the effectiveness of this …
Property Insurance Appraisal: Is Determining Causation Essential To Evaluating The Amount Of Loss , Ashley Smith
Property Insurance Appraisal: Is Determining Causation Essential To Evaluating The Amount Of Loss , Ashley Smith
Journal of Dispute Resolution
While the appraisal procedure is commonly used in property insurance claims, the scope of an appraisal is contested. Courts are divided on whether to allow the determination of causation within an appraisal process. Whether or not to allow the determination of causation in appraisal and the reasoning behind each position can be influential for the majority of state and federal courts who have yet to confront this issue. Outlined below is an overview of the appraisal process within the property insurance context, a distinction of causation from coverage, and courts’ reasoning for allowing or forbidding the determination of causation in …
Principles For Designing Negotiation Instruction, John M. Lande, Ximena Bustamante, Jay Folberg, Joel Lee
Principles For Designing Negotiation Instruction, John M. Lande, Ximena Bustamante, Jay Folberg, Joel Lee
Faculty Publications
This article analyzes recommendations in the Rethinking Negotiation Teaching (RNT) series. Instructors teaching negotiation and other dispute resolution subjects have long had a hard time trying to cover everything they would like in their courses. The RNT project has documented (and, to some extent, stimulated) a growing profusion of ideas and techniques for teaching negotiation, which has multiplied instructors’ dilemmas in designing their courses. Since instructors cannot teach everything they would like, this article suggests some general principles for making decisions about what to include and how to conduct these courses. Clearly, there is no single right or best way …
Does Class Arbitration "Change The Nature" Of Arbitration? Stolt-Nielsen, At&T And A Return To First Principles, S. I. Strong
Does Class Arbitration "Change The Nature" Of Arbitration? Stolt-Nielsen, At&T And A Return To First Principles, S. I. Strong
Faculty Publications
In Stolt-Nielsen S.A. v. AnimalFeeds International Corp., the United States Supreme Court stated that class arbitration “changes the nature of arbitration,” an idea that was also reflected in the Supreme Court’s subsequent decision in AT&T Mobility LLC v. Concepcion. Certainly class proceedings do not resemble the traditional view of arbitration as a swift, simple and pragmatic bilateral procedure with few witnesses, documents or formalities, but do these types of large-scale disputes violate the fundamental nature of the arbitral procedure? This article answers that question by considering the jurisprudential nature of arbitration and determining whether and to what extent class arbitration …
Teaching Students To Negotiate Like A Lawyer, John M. Lande
Teaching Students To Negotiate Like A Lawyer, John M. Lande
Faculty Publications
Some important stages might include: (1) initial client interview, (2) negotiation of a retainer agreement, (3) developing good working relationships with counterpart lawyers, (4) conducting factual investigation and/or legal research, (5) working with counterparts to plan the negotiation process, (6) resolving discovery disputes, (7) preparing client for negotiations, (8) conducting an ultimate negotiation, (9) engaging a mediator and mediating the matter, and (10) drafting a settlement agreement. This essay suggests that by using both single-stage and multi-stage simulations, instructors can better prepare students for negotiations that they will actually conduct in practice. These suggestions grow out my book, Lawyering with …
The Revolution In Family Law Dispute Resolution, John M. Lande
The Revolution In Family Law Dispute Resolution, John M. Lande
Faculty Publications
This article surveys a wide range of procedures that divorcing parties now use, including self-representation. Lawyers sometimes provide “unbundled” legal services to help parties who want to divide responsibilities for legal tasks between themselves and their lawyers. Parties often use mediation, arbitration, and private judging. Norms for lawyers’ professional roles have emphasized the importance of cooperation and some lawyers offer “planned early negotiation” processes such as Collaborative and Cooperative Law. Family courts engage in a wide range of activities beyond traditional litigation and adjudication. Many courts manage or mandate parent education and services related to domestic violence. Courts regularly appoint …
Faa Law, Without The Activism: What If The Bellwether Cases Were Decided By A Truly Conservative Court, Richard C. Reuben
Faa Law, Without The Activism: What If The Bellwether Cases Were Decided By A Truly Conservative Court, Richard C. Reuben
Faculty Publications
The U.S. Supreme Court has decided an extraordinary number of cases under the Federal Arbitration Act in the last half century, a pattern that continues today at the pace of a case or two a year. During this time, Republican presidential candidates have made much political hay out of the Supreme Court, running against the Warren Court’s “liberal activism” by promising to appoint judges who would decide cases more conservatively. In this article, I analyze whether this promise has been fulfilled in the context of the Supreme Court’s FAA jurisprudence by identifying the core principles of judicial conservatism – restraint, …
What Constitutes An "Agreement In Writing" In International Commercial Arbitration? Conflicts Between The New York Convention And The Federal Arbitration Act, S. I. Strong
Faculty Publications
This article investigates whether and to what extent a party must produce an “agreement in writing” when seeking to enforce an international arbitration agreement or award in a U.S. federal court. This issue has recently given rise to both a circuit split and a petition for certiorari to the U.S. Supreme Court, and involves matters of formal validity as well as federal subject matter jurisdiction. The problem arises out of subtle differences in the way an “agreement in writing” is defined in the Federal Arbitration Act (FAA) and the 1958 United Nations Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign …
Navigating The Borders Between International Commercial Arbitration And U.S. Federal Courts: A Jurisprudential Gps, S. I. Strong
Navigating The Borders Between International Commercial Arbitration And U.S. Federal Courts: A Jurisprudential Gps, S. I. Strong
Faculty Publications
This article provides just that sort of guide, outlining the various ways in which U.S. federal courts can become involved in international commercial arbitration and introducing both basic and advanced concepts in a straightforward, practical manner. However, this article provides more than just an overview. Instead, it discusses relevant issues on a motion-by-motion basis, helping readers find immediate answers to their questions while also getting a picture of the field as a whole. Written especially for busy lawyers, this article gives practitioners, arbitrators and new and infrequent participants in international commercial arbitration a concise but comprehensive understanding of the unique …
United States Supreme Court And Class Arbitration: A Tragedy Of Errors, The Symposium, Gary Born, Claudio Salas
United States Supreme Court And Class Arbitration: A Tragedy Of Errors, The Symposium, Gary Born, Claudio Salas
Journal of Dispute Resolution
This Essay describes and critiques the U.S. Supreme Court's recent misadventures with class arbitration. First, the Essay reviews the origins and rise of class arbitration under the FAA, particularly following the Supreme Court's Bazzle decision. In Part II, the Essay discusses application of the unconscionability doctrine to class action waivers, under the California courts' Discover Bank doctrine. In Part III, the Essay recounts the Supreme Court's retrenchment from class arbitration in Stolt-Nielsen and, more fully, in Concepcion. It also critiques the Court's apparent analysis in Concepcion and offers an alternative analysis for the Concepcion result that is more consistent with …
Arbitration Of Trust Disputes: Two Bodies Of Law Collide, S. I. Strong
Arbitration Of Trust Disputes: Two Bodies Of Law Collide, S. I. Strong
Faculty Publications
This article considers the various issues that arise when two separate bodies of law – trust law and arbitration law – collide, using recent developments in the field of international commercial arbitration to address some of the more intransigent problems facing trust arbitration. The article focuses on five areas of concern: the potential for impermissible ouster of the courts, the operability and effectiveness of the arbitration provision, the extent to which the arbitration provision is binding on the party against whom arbitration is asserted, proper representation of parties and arbitrability. In so doing, this article introduces a number of new …
If We Could, Then So Can You: The Seventh Circuit Resurrects Its Judge Versus Arbitrator Analogy To Reinstate A Repeat Arbitrator Note, Collin Koenig
If We Could, Then So Can You: The Seventh Circuit Resurrects Its Judge Versus Arbitrator Analogy To Reinstate A Repeat Arbitrator Note, Collin Koenig
Journal of Dispute Resolution
Arbitration clauses provide a method for companies to settle business disputes without expending the amount of time and resources required in judicial proceedings. When an arbitration clause is invoked, a neutral third party takes on the role of adjudicator, and the parties defer to the unbiased decision of that neutral. Sometimes what is "unbiased" becomes more uncertain when parties contract for the right to appoint their own arbitrators. Trustmark Ins. Co. v. John Hancock Life Ins. Co. stands for the principle that the Seventh Circuit will relax the impartiality standard to which they hold party-appointed arbitrators, especially compared to the …
Mandatory Arbitration Of Internal Trust Disputes: Improving Arbitrability And Enforceability Through Proper Procedural Choices, S. I. Strong
Mandatory Arbitration Of Internal Trust Disputes: Improving Arbitrability And Enforceability Through Proper Procedural Choices, S. I. Strong
Faculty Publications
Trusts and their civil law equivalents, often known as foundations or associations, play a large and increasing role in the global economy, holding trillions of dollars worth of assets and generating billions of dollars worth of revenue and trustees’ fees annually. Once considered nothing more than “mere” estate planning devices, trusts are now more often seen in commercial rather than in private contexts, and often feature sophisticated financial institutions as professional trustees. With favorable tax laws in various off-shore jurisdictions making international trusts increasingly popular and hostile trust litigation reaching epidemic proportions, arbitration would seem to be many parties’ dispute …
Border Skirmishes: The Intersection Between Litigation And International Commercial Arbitration, S. I. Strong
Border Skirmishes: The Intersection Between Litigation And International Commercial Arbitration, S. I. Strong
Faculty Publications
This essay considers the tension between the autonomous theory of international commercial arbitration and the more interactive theory advanced by Gary Born during his keynote address at the recent “Border Skirmishes” symposium at the University of Missouri School of Law. In his presentation, Born considered the relationship between litigation and international commercial arbitration and distinguished between permissible “border crossings” and impermissible “border incursions.” This essay considers how these concepts play out both in routine interactions between courts and tribunals and more in difficult scenarios, such as those involving anti-suit injunctions. The discussion also presents statistics concerning the amount of ancillary …
Public Civil Discourse: A New Domain For Dispute Resolution, Richard C. Reuben
Public Civil Discourse: A New Domain For Dispute Resolution, Richard C. Reuben
Faculty Publications
We in dispute resolution can view civil discourse about public issues - a direct, deliberative way of exercising democracy itself - as a new but related field in which we can apply our skills and services, and this theme edition of Dispute Resolution Magazine is intended to help those of us in dispute resolution cross the isthmus into what for many of us is the new world of civil discourse.
Border Skirmishes: The Intersection Between Litigation And International Commercial Arbitration, S. I. Strong
Border Skirmishes: The Intersection Between Litigation And International Commercial Arbitration, S. I. Strong
Journal of Dispute Resolution
In many ways, the relationship between litigation and international commercial arbitration is a curious one, with experts adopting diametrically opposed positions on how the two procedures do or should interact. For example, some people take the view that international commercial arbitration is a uniquely self-contained dispute resolution mechanism that proceeds entirely independent of state control.'
Court Intervention In International Arbitration: The Case For Compulsory Judicial Internationalism Symposium, Frederic Bachand
Court Intervention In International Arbitration: The Case For Compulsory Judicial Internationalism Symposium, Frederic Bachand
Journal of Dispute Resolution
Part I sets out in more detail the proposed interpretive rule. It does so by explaining why the relevant international normative context should always matter when courts are called upon to resolve questions of international arbitration law to which local sources provide no clear answers. In Part H, I address the issue of how precisely that context ought to bear upon the interpretive process. In doing so, I highlight some important distinctions regarding how that context should bear upon the courts' reasoning depending on whether the issue in dispute is governed by uniform law instruments-such as the New York Convention …
New York Convention And The American Federal System, The Symposium, Christopher R. Drahozal
New York Convention And The American Federal System, The Symposium, Christopher R. Drahozal
Journal of Dispute Resolution
Whether state law can play a broader role in international arbitration matters in the United States depends on the extent to which the New York Convention and Chapter Two of the FAA (which implements the Convention) preempt state arbitration law. This article undertakes a preliminary analysis of that broad topic by examining several legal questions central to determining the preemptive effect of the New York Convention: (1) What effect, if any, does the federal-state clause (Article XI) have on U.S. obligations under the Convention? (2) To what extent does Chapter Two of the FAA apply in state court? and (3) …
Interference Of The Court Of The Seat With International Arbitration, The Symposium, Giulia Carbone
Interference Of The Court Of The Seat With International Arbitration, The Symposium, Giulia Carbone
Journal of Dispute Resolution
This article looks upon two fundamental questions: (1) whether arbitrators should comply with a local court's order aimed at suspending or interrupting the running of arbitral proceedings, and (2) what type of remedies should a party receive when courts unjustly interfere with their right to arbitrate. This article will explore these two questions in four parts. Part II focuses on the interference with international commercial arbitration by the court at the place of the arbitration. It does so by taking into account ICC cases, some relevant national judgments, and deals with the solutions offered by Articles 8 and 16 of …