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Articles 1 - 30 of 42
Full-Text Articles in Law
Is That Appropriate?: Clarifying The Idea's Free Appropriate Public Education Standard Post-Endrew F., Josh Cowin
Is That Appropriate?: Clarifying The Idea's Free Appropriate Public Education Standard Post-Endrew F., Josh Cowin
Northwestern University Law Review
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) requires schools to provide all students who qualify for special education services with a free appropriate public education (FAPE). However, the IDEA does not specify how much substantive educational benefit students must be afforded in order to receive a FAPE, leaving this question for the courts. For over thirty years, courts split over the amount of educational benefit that school districts must provide to their special education students, leading to significant confusion and anxiety among parents and school officials regarding their legal rights. The Supreme Court sought to clarify this standard in Endrew …
Wills, Trusts, And Estates, J. William Gray Jr., Katherine E. Ramsey
Wills, Trusts, And Estates, J. William Gray Jr., Katherine E. Ramsey
University of Richmond Law Review
The 2018 Virginia General Assembly enacted legislation to conform the interpretation of wills with trusts, revised the recent trust decanting and augmented estate statutes, and provided a procedure for resolving doctor/patient disputes over appropriate medical care. It also confirmed the creditor protection available for life insurance and annuities, and addressed certain entities’ eligibility for real and personal property tax exemptions, annual disclosures of charitable organizations’ administrative and charitable service expenses, virtual nonstock corporation member meetings, bank directors’ stock holdings, the disposition of unused tax credits at the taxpayer’s death, and fiduciary qualification without surety. The Supreme Court of Virginia handed …
"Wrongful Birth" Claims And The Paradox Of Parenting A Child With A Disability, Sofia Yakren
"Wrongful Birth" Claims And The Paradox Of Parenting A Child With A Disability, Sofia Yakren
Fordham Law Review
“Wrongful birth” is a controversial medical malpractice claim raised by the mother of a child born with a disability against a medical professional whose failure to provide adequate prenatal information denied her the chance to abort. Plaintiff-mothers are required to testify that, but for the defendant’s negligence, they would have terminated their pregnancy. Accordingly, alongside pro-life activists, disability rights advocates have opposed “wrongful birth” claims for stigmatizing and discriminating against people with disabilities by framing their very existence as a harm. Despite plaintiff-mothers’ need for caretaking resources, scholars have recommended solutions ranging from the wholesale elimination of the wrongful birth …
Childhood Obesity And Positive Obligations: A Child Rights-Based Approach, Benedetta Faedi Duramy
Childhood Obesity And Positive Obligations: A Child Rights-Based Approach, Benedetta Faedi Duramy
Seattle University Law Review
Childhood obesity is one of the most serious current public health challenges. Its prevalence has increased at an alarming rate. The World Health Organization estimated that in 2016 the global number of overweight children under the age of five was over 41 million. Although there is widespread concern about the rising rates of childhood obesity, there is not as much consensus on how to address the problem. Obesity has been mostly considered either a matter of personal responsibility or of parental responsibility when it concerns children. Inadequate attention has been given instead to the obligations borne by States to prevent …
Dads Are Parents, Too: Why Amending The Pregnancy Discrimination Act Is Necessary For Courts To Determine If A Parental Leave Policy Violates Title Vii, Krista Gay
Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law
To attract millennials desiring a work-life balance, large companies have begun to offer new parent leave to both male and female employees and commonly offer longer leave to women than men. Although a company may offer pregnancy disability leave to women without offering similar leave to men, if the company classifies the leave as parental bonding leave, it must be offered equally. If it is not, as highlighted by recent lawsuits against JP Morgan and Estée Lauder, a Title VII claim can arise. Historically, courts have had difficulty deciding if such a policy does in fact violate Title VII, because …
Loopholes, Licensing, And Legislation: Considering The Needs Of People With Disabilities In The Autonomous Vehicle Revolution, Caroline Glennie-Smith
Loopholes, Licensing, And Legislation: Considering The Needs Of People With Disabilities In The Autonomous Vehicle Revolution, Caroline Glennie-Smith
Loyola of Los Angeles Entertainment Law Review
Self-driving vehicles have the potential to revolutionize transportation for all Americans and will be especially beneficial for the more than fifty-seven million Americans with a disability. This Note offers a primer on a rapidly-developing area of law and policy that will permanently alter how Americans interact with transportation. While public availability of autonomous vehicles is anticipated as early as next year, widespread use of these vehicles is likely at least a decade away. The lag between current-day prototypes and future widespread public availability provides lawmakers, self-driving vehicle manufacturers, and the disability community an important opportunity to work together to shape …
Fourth Circuit Fumbles The Ball: Spirit Of Disability Rights Compromised In The Wake Of Class V. Townson University, Dave Peterson
Fourth Circuit Fumbles The Ball: Spirit Of Disability Rights Compromised In The Wake Of Class V. Townson University, Dave Peterson
Loyola of Los Angeles Entertainment Law Review
The Fourth Circuit’s recent decision in Class v. Towson University threatens the rights guaranteed to disabled persons under the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) and the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (“Rehab Act”). The Acts demand that disabled persons not be excluded from activities based on unsubstantiated paternalistic concerns, and, where exclusion occurs, the Acts entrust courts to evaluate whether exclusion was warranted in light of the best available objective evidence. This Comment argues that by deferring to the speculative fears and subjective judgment of Towson University—the very entity accused of violating the ADA and Rehab Act in Class …
Equality In Germany And The United States, Edward J. Eberle
Equality In Germany And The United States, Edward J. Eberle
San Diego International Law Journal
This Article will proceed as follows. Part I will describe the methodology and approach of American and German equality law. The constitutional Courts of both countries value equality highly, resulting in strong and well developed jurisprudence. Each of the Courts employ a sliding scale of judicial scrutiny with the degree of scrutiny varying with the trait or personal interest affected by the governmental measure. Strict or extremely intensive scrutiny applies to measures targeting personal traits that especially affect a person's identity, like race, national heritage, or alienage under United States law, and race, sex, gender, language, national origin, disability, faith, …
State Laws For Due Process Hearings Under The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act, Perry A. Zirkel
State Laws For Due Process Hearings Under The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act, Perry A. Zirkel
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
From Storefront To Dashboard: The Use Of The Americans With Disabilities Act To Govern Websites, Kelby S. Carlson
From Storefront To Dashboard: The Use Of The Americans With Disabilities Act To Govern Websites, Kelby S. Carlson
Catholic University Law Review
The question of the effects of technological change on the interpretation of statutes is a complicated one. Particularly for statutes that govern a broad range of issues, the advent of new technology can precipitate re-examination of the rationale behind, and nature of, the relevant law. The Americans with Disabilities Act was enacted, in part, to give Americans with disabilities greater access to public space, allowing them to enjoy the advantages such access offers on an equal footing with the able-bodied. The adoption of digital technology across society and, in particular, the widespread ubiquity of the internet now raise questions about …
Guest Editors' Introduction To The Special Issue, Diversity In Aquatics, Angela K. Beale-Tawfeeq, Steven N. Waller Ph.D., Austin Anderson
Guest Editors' Introduction To The Special Issue, Diversity In Aquatics, Angela K. Beale-Tawfeeq, Steven N. Waller Ph.D., Austin Anderson
International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education
This is the introductory editorial leading off the special issue, "Diversity in Aquatics."
50 Years Later—The State Of Civil Rights And Opportunity In America, Catherine E. Lhamon
50 Years Later—The State Of Civil Rights And Opportunity In America, Catherine E. Lhamon
Minnesota Journal of Law & Inequality
Abridged Transcript, The Summit for Civil Rights, November 9, 2017
“Who Will Judge The Many When The Game Isthrough?”: Considering The Profound Differencesbetween Mental Health Courts And “Traditional”Involuntary Civil Commitment Courts, Michael L. Perlin
“Who Will Judge The Many When The Game Isthrough?”: Considering The Profound Differencesbetween Mental Health Courts And “Traditional”Involuntary Civil Commitment Courts, Michael L. Perlin
Seattle University Law Review
For forty years, we have known that involuntary civil commitment hearings are—in most jurisdictions—“charades.” When the Supreme Court noted, in Parham v. J.R., that the average length of a civil commitment hearing ranged from 3.8 to 9.2 minutes, the reaction of many who had done these cases was, “What? So long?!” The characterization of such hearings as being a “greased runway” to a state institution has never been disputed. Lawyers representing these individuals were bored or contemptuous; judges simply wanted to get cases moving; opposing counsel looked at their wrist watches to see when the cases would be done. This …
The Victimization Of The Misconceived: The Mentally Ill In The Criminal Justice System, Margarita Trejo
The Victimization Of The Misconceived: The Mentally Ill In The Criminal Justice System, Margarita Trejo
Themis: Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science
It is unfortunate to say that the number of people who suffer from a serious mental illness has been drastically increasing in the criminal justice system since the late 1960s. This drastic change has captivated the minds of the public, forced them to develop a fallacious stereotype, and labeled the mentally ill population as wrongdoers. This image, however, is inaccurate. In reality, these people are the victims of a broken system. This paper establishes the victimization that a person with a serious mental illness experiences as they are processed through the criminal justice system. The following elaborates how victimization is …
Litigating Trauma As Disability In American Schools, Taylor N. Mullaney
Litigating Trauma As Disability In American Schools, Taylor N. Mullaney
Northwestern Journal of Law & Social Policy
No abstract provided.
When Courts Run Amuck: A Book Review Of Unequal: How America's Courts Undermine Discrimination Law By Sandra F. Sperino And Suja A. Thomas (Oxford 2017), Theresa M. Beiner
When Courts Run Amuck: A Book Review Of Unequal: How America's Courts Undermine Discrimination Law By Sandra F. Sperino And Suja A. Thomas (Oxford 2017), Theresa M. Beiner
Texas A&M Law Review
In Unequal: How America’s Courts Undermine Discrimination Law (“Unequal”), law professors Sandra F. Sperino and Suja A. Thomas provide a point-by-point analysis of how the federal courts’ interpretations of federal anti-discrimination laws have undermined their efficacy to provide relief to workers whose employers have allegedly engaged in discrimination. The cases’ results are consistently pro-employer, even while the Supreme Court of the United States—a court not known for being particularly pro-plaintiff—has occasionally ruled in favor of plaintiff employees. The authors suggest some reasons for this apparent anti-plaintiff bias among the federal courts, although they do not settle on a particular reason …
Department Of Corrections V. Superior Court: Hear No Evil, Aaron T. Morel
Department Of Corrections V. Superior Court: Hear No Evil, Aaron T. Morel
Maine Law Review
On December 9, 1991, professional ethical and moral considerations prompted heated litigation in Department of Corrections v. Superior Court. Justice Donald G. Alexander of Maine's Superior Court displayed considerable foresight while sentencing two borderline mentally retarded child sex offenders. Although both defendants had committed repugnant crimes, Justice Alexander anticipated that they would be subjected to impermissible abuse if incarcerated in the Department of Corrections. He believed that preventive measures were necessary to ensure the safety of the defendants being sentenced and to avoid the potential that conditions of their incarceration would amount to cruel and unusual punishment. Justice Alexander subsequently …
Disart: Redefining The Construct Of Participation, Jennifer Fortuna
Disart: Redefining The Construct Of Participation, Jennifer Fortuna
The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy
DisArt, an arts and culture organization based in Grand Rapids, MI, provided the cover art for the Spring 2018 issue of the Open Journal of Occupational Therapy (OJOT). The piece, a somatic sculpture by Petra Kuppers, was featured at the 2015 DisArt Festival in Grand Rapids. Kuppers is a disability culture activist and community performance artist who connects people, both disabled and nondisabled, in public spaces. DisArt’s mission is to increase the participation of disabled people in our communities through disability art exhibitions, cutting edge public events, and consultation. In a recent interview, DisArt co-founders and executive directors, Dr. Christopher …
Personhood Seeking New Life With Republican Control, Jonathan F. Will, I. Glenn Cohen, Eli Y. Adashi
Personhood Seeking New Life With Republican Control, Jonathan F. Will, I. Glenn Cohen, Eli Y. Adashi
Indiana Law Journal
Just three days prior to the inauguration of Donald J. Trump as President of the United States, Representative Jody B. Hice (R-GA) introduced the Sanctity of Human Life Act (H.R. 586), which, if enacted, would provide that the rights associated with legal personhood begin at fertilization. Then, in October 2017, the Department of Health and Human Services released its draft strategic plan, which identifies a core policy of protecting Americans at every stage of life, beginning at conception. While often touted as a means to outlaw abortion, protecting the “lives” of single-celled zygotes may also have implications for the practice …
Working For Recovery: How The Americans With Disabilities Act And State Human Rights Laws Can Facilitiate Successful Rehabilitation For Alcoholics And Drug Addicts, Samuel Brown Petsonk, Anne Marie Lofaso
Working For Recovery: How The Americans With Disabilities Act And State Human Rights Laws Can Facilitiate Successful Rehabilitation For Alcoholics And Drug Addicts, Samuel Brown Petsonk, Anne Marie Lofaso
West Virginia Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Remedial Authority Of Hearing And Review Officers Under The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act: The Latest Update, Perry A. Zirkel
The Remedial Authority Of Hearing And Review Officers Under The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act: The Latest Update, Perry A. Zirkel
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
Paternalism And The Rise Of The Disability State, David W. Engel, Jeffrey S. Wolfe
Paternalism And The Rise Of The Disability State, David W. Engel, Jeffrey S. Wolfe
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
Mullin V. Ratheon Co.: The Threatened Vitality Of Disparate Impact Under The Adea, Miles F. Archer
Mullin V. Ratheon Co.: The Threatened Vitality Of Disparate Impact Under The Adea, Miles F. Archer
Maine Law Review
Seven years after Congress enacted Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title VII), and four years after the enactment of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (the ADEA), the Supreme Court, in Griggs v. Duke Power Co., enunciated the doctrine of disparate impact as a means of establishing liability under Title VII. Since that time, the doctrine has evolved considerably and its application and contours have been redefined by the Court as well as by Congress. Within this evolution there has been a debate among the courts and commentators as to whether the doctrine may …
The Supreme Court Reverses The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission's Directive That Disability Determinations Should Be Made Without Regard To Mitigating Measures: Sutton V. United Airlines, Sara Gagne Holmes
Maine Law Review
In Sutton v. United Airlines, identical twin sisters with severe myopia, filed suit under Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) alleging that United Airlines (United) discriminated against them on the basis of a disability, or because United regarded them as having a disability. This case invited the United States Supreme Court to decide for the first time whether mitigating measures such as glasses, medication or prosthetics should be considered when determining if an impairment is an “actual disability” under the ADA, and what constitutes a proper allegation for being “regarded as” disabled under the ADA. In a …
Mixed Messages: An Analysis Of The Conflicting Standards Used By The United States Circuit Courts Of Appeals When Awarding The Compensatory Education For A Violation Of The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act, James C. Schwellenbach
Mixed Messages: An Analysis Of The Conflicting Standards Used By The United States Circuit Courts Of Appeals When Awarding The Compensatory Education For A Violation Of The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act, James C. Schwellenbach
Maine Law Review
With the passage of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) of 1975, now titled the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA or the Act), each child with a disability was guaranteed the right to a free and appropriate public education. It fell to the public schools to provide that free and appropriate education to students with disabilities, many of whom had been denied access to public schools prior to that time. It was inevitable that parents would disagree with their local school district, or the state educational agency, as to whether their child was being provided the kind …
Collective Versus Individual Rights: The Able Worker And The Promotion Of Precarious Work For Persons With Disabilities Under Conflicting International Law Regimes, Paul Harpur
Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Review
No abstract provided.
Sb 201 - Sick Leave, Mary Elizabeth D. Steinhaus, Chadwick L. Williams
Sb 201 - Sick Leave, Mary Elizabeth D. Steinhaus, Chadwick L. Williams
Georgia State University Law Review
The Act amends Georgia’s general provisions relating to labor and industrial relations by adding a new provision that requires qualifying employers to allow their employees to use sick leave to care for immediate family members.
Inadequate Accessibility: Why Uber Should Be A Public Accommodation Under The Americans With Disabilities Act, Elizabeth A. Mapelli
Inadequate Accessibility: Why Uber Should Be A Public Accommodation Under The Americans With Disabilities Act, Elizabeth A. Mapelli
American University Law Review
No abstract provided.
No Student Left Behind? Accommodating Students With Disabilities In Higher Education During The Trump Administration, Anne Marie Fristoe
No Student Left Behind? Accommodating Students With Disabilities In Higher Education During The Trump Administration, Anne Marie Fristoe
North Carolina Central Law Review
No abstract provided.
Too Stupid: Intellectual Disability As A Statutory Ground For Termination Of Parental Rights, Charlotte Jayne Cooper
Too Stupid: Intellectual Disability As A Statutory Ground For Termination Of Parental Rights, Charlotte Jayne Cooper
The Modern American
No abstract provided.