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Full-Text Articles in Law
Contract Law's Two "P.E.'S": Promissory Estoppel And The Parole Evidence Rule, David G. Epstein
Contract Law's Two "P.E.'S": Promissory Estoppel And The Parole Evidence Rule, David G. Epstein
Law Faculty Publications
This article is about "P.E." Not the physical education class that you looked forward to in junior high school, but the two "P.E.'s" you dreaded in your first-year law school contracts class: (1) promissory estoppel and (2) the parol evidence rule.' Each is plenty complicated standing alone. This article considers what happens if the two bump into each other. More specifically, this article asks and answers the question: Should the parol evidence rule apply to promissory estoppel cases?
Contract Is Context, Peter A. Alces
Contract Law, Party Sophistication And The New Formalism, Meredith R. Miller
Contract Law, Party Sophistication And The New Formalism, Meredith R. Miller
Scholarly Works
With increasing frequency, courts are mentioning party sophistication as relevant to whether a contract has been formed, whether a contract is enforceable, how the contract should be interpreted, and even, in some instances, the determination of an appropriate remedy. Sophisticated parties are held to a different set of rules, grounded in freedom of contract. It is presumed that a sophisticated party was aware of what to bargain for and read (or should have read) and understood (or should have understood) the terms of a written agreement.
But, just what do courts mean when they call a contracting party “sophisticated”?
“Sophistication” …