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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Law
Measuring Political Power: Suspect Class Determinations And The Poor, Bertrall L. Ross, Su Li
Measuring Political Power: Suspect Class Determinations And The Poor, Bertrall L. Ross, Su Li
Bertrall L Ross
Which classes are considered suspect under equal protection doctrine? The answer determines whether courts will defer to legislatures and other government actors when they single out a group for special burdens, or intervene to protect that group from such treatment. Laws burdening suspect classes receive the strictest scrutiny possible—and under current doctrine, whether a class is suspect turns largely on whether the court views the group as possessing political power.
But how do courts know when a class lacks political power? A liberal plurality of the Supreme Court initially suggested that political power should be measured according to a group’s …
Transparent Adjudication: Promoting Democratic Dialogue On Judicial Conceptions Of Politics, Bertrall L. Ross Ii
Transparent Adjudication: Promoting Democratic Dialogue On Judicial Conceptions Of Politics, Bertrall L. Ross Ii
Bertrall L Ross
No abstract provided.
Embracing Administrative Constitutionalism, Bertrall L. Ross
Embracing Administrative Constitutionalism, Bertrall L. Ross
Bertrall L Ross
Administrative agencies engage in constitutionalism. They resolve questions of statutory meaning and scope that implicate constitutional questions. Even when agencies do not consciously set out to weigh in on constitutional
questions, by interpreting and applying statutes that rest on constitutional values, agencies elaborate constitutional meaning.
Should courts and theorists embrace or resist administrative
constitutionalism? For those who believe that the courts are the exclusive and final interpreters of the Constitution, it seems natural to oppose it. Thus, over the past forty years, the Supreme Court has resisted administrative constitutionalism. When agencies elaborate constitutional meaning in their interpretation of statutes, the …
The State As Witness: Windsor, Shelby County, And Judicial Distrust Of The Legislative Record, Bertrall L. Ross
The State As Witness: Windsor, Shelby County, And Judicial Distrust Of The Legislative Record, Bertrall L. Ross
Bertrall L Ross
More than ever, the constitutionality of laws turns on judicial review of an underlying factual record, assembled by lawmakers. Some scholars have suggested that by requiring extensive records, the Supreme Court is treating lawmakers like administrative agencies. The assumption underlying this metaphor is that if the state puts forth enough evidence in the record to support the law, its action will survive constitutional scrutiny. What scholars have overlooked, however, is that the Court is increasingly questioning the credibility of the record itself. Even in cases where
the state produces adequate evidence to support its action, the Court sometimes invalidates the …
Democracy And Renewed Distrust: Equal Protection And The Evolving Judicial Conception Of Politics, Bertrall L. Ross
Democracy And Renewed Distrust: Equal Protection And The Evolving Judicial Conception Of Politics, Bertrall L. Ross
Bertrall L Ross
Judicial interpretations of the Equal Protection Clause have undergone a major transformation over the last fifty years. A Supreme Court once suspicious of the democratic losses of discrete and insular minorities, now closely scrutinizes their democratic victories. A Court once active in structuring the democratic process to be inclusive of racial and other minorities, now views minority representation in the political process as essentially irrelevant. A Court once deferential to exercises of congressional power that enhanced the equal protection rights of minorities, now gives Congress much less leeway.
What explains these shifts? An easy explanation is that the Supreme Court …
The Representative Equality Principle: Disaggregating The Equal Protection Intent Standard, Bertrall L. Ross
The Representative Equality Principle: Disaggregating The Equal Protection Intent Standard, Bertrall L. Ross
Bertrall L Ross
No abstract provided.
The Costs And Elusive Gains Of Creating Complementarities Between Party And Popular Democracy, Bertrall L. Ross
The Costs And Elusive Gains Of Creating Complementarities Between Party And Popular Democracy, Bertrall L. Ross
Bertrall L Ross
No abstract provided.