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Articles 1 - 30 of 268
Full-Text Articles in Law
Broadcast In The Past?: The Dangers Of Deregulating Children’S Broadcast Television, Lauren Bashir
Broadcast In The Past?: The Dangers Of Deregulating Children’S Broadcast Television, Lauren Bashir
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
This article will begin by providing an overview of the Federal Communications Commission’s role in regulating broadcast television. In Section II, this article will explain in depth how the FCC has placed limitations on the type of content and circumstances under which television stations can broadcast content. This discussion will lead into the Children’s Television Act (CTA) of 1990 and the regulation of children’s television—also known as the KidVid Rules. After providing some background on the creation of the CTA and its effectiveness up to recent times, Section III will dive deeper into the 2019 CTA modifications. Then this article …
Higher Altitudes And Higher Standards: Advocating The Fcc Require Environmental Assessments For Mega- Constellations, John Latson
Higher Altitudes And Higher Standards: Advocating The Fcc Require Environmental Assessments For Mega- Constellations, John Latson
The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship & the Law
This article will explore why the FCC’s current regime on categorical exclusions is ill-prepared for the developing mega-constellation industry, why the regime should be revised to require that companies launching mega-constellations file an Environmental Assessment (EA) as defined in the National Environmental Policy Act, and how such a change might fiscally impact these companies. Part II of this article will explore the National Environmental Policy Act, discussing the purpose of the Act and the goals Congress sought to accomplish. Part III will consider the FCC’s policy on categorical exclusions and EAs, with a comparison of how some other federal agencies …
The Policy Origins Of Wi-Fi, John Blevins
The Policy Origins Of Wi-Fi, John Blevins
Indiana Law Journal
Wi-Fi technology has become a necessary foundation of modern economic and cultural life. This Article explains its history. Specifically, it argues that Wi-Fi owes its existence and widespread adoption to federal policy choices that have been underexplored in the literature. Wi-Fi’s development is often portrayed as an unexpected and lucky accident following the FCC’s initial decision in the 1980s to allow more unlicensed and experimental uses. This view, however, obscures the more fundamental role that federal policy played. For one, the rise of modern Wi-Fi was the product of a series of policy decisions spanning decades. In addition, the FCC’s …
The Empty Promises Of Diversity Mou's: How The Fcc Can Strengthen Commitments To Racial Equity, Jeleesa Omala
The Empty Promises Of Diversity Mou's: How The Fcc Can Strengthen Commitments To Racial Equity, Jeleesa Omala
Journal of Civil Rights and Economic Development
(Excerpt)
African Americans have been systematically disenfranchised from nearly all sectors of American society since the country’s founding. As such, African Americans do not just perceive the problem of racial discrimination as a matter of personal prejudice but also a matter of survival. Without access to fundamental resources like higher education, healthcare, and economic opportunity, the quality of Black life decreases astronomically. The nation begins to equate being Black with being “less than,” and continues to disinvest in Black populations, which signals to Black people that their lives do not matter.
Nevertheless, determined Black entrepreneurs continue to fight to expand …
Unplanned Obsolescence: Interpreting The Automatic Telephone Dialing System After The Smartphone Epoch, Walter Allison
Unplanned Obsolescence: Interpreting The Automatic Telephone Dialing System After The Smartphone Epoch, Walter Allison
Michigan Law Review
Technology regulations succeed or fail based upon their ability to regulate an idea. Constant innovation forces legislators to draft statutes aimed at prohibiting the idea of a device, rather than a specific device itself, because new devices with new capacities emerge every day. The Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) is a federal statute that imposes liability based on the idea of an automatic telephone dialing system (ATDS). But the statute’s definition of the device is ambiguous. The FCC struggles to coherently apply the definition to new technologies, and courts interpret the definition inconsistently. Federal circuit courts have split over these …
Net Neutrality: An Explainer, Kincaid C. Brown
Net Neutrality: An Explainer, Kincaid C. Brown
Law Librarian Scholarship
Net neutrality is the idea that internet services or broadband providers should treat all content streaming through their systems the same, and providers who use their discretion to create “fast lanes,” block particular content, or throttle (slow down) internet speeds are not in keeping with how the internet ought to work.
Indecency Regulation Of The Fcc And Censorship Law In Republic Korea: Comparison And Contrasts, Min-Soo "Minee" Roh
Indecency Regulation Of The Fcc And Censorship Law In Republic Korea: Comparison And Contrasts, Min-Soo "Minee" Roh
Upper Level Writing Requirement Research Papers
Regulating music on radio or television is not a straightforward process, as the music is comprised of lyrics of words. On top of the lyrics, any music performance has an additional layer of choreography and dress code. If any individual elements or combined elements is obscene or indecent, the government attempts to regulate broadcasting both music and performance. This leads to regulating general speech on communications and it requires this paper to look into regulation of broadcasting in general and specific examples of music broadcasting regulation on radio and television, particularly, in the United States (“States”) and in Republic of …
The Airwaves Meet The Highways, David Redl
The Airwaves Meet The Highways, David Redl
Journal of Law and Mobility
I applaud and congratulate the University of Michigan for launching the Journal of Law and Mobility. The timing is perfect. The information superhighway is no longer just a clever metaphor. We are living in an era where internet connectivity is a critical part of making transportation safer and more convenient. Internet connectivity has powered the U.S. and global economies for years now. In the early stages, dial-up connections enabled users to access a vast store of digital information. As the internet and its usage grew, so did the demand for faster broadband speeds. Finally, wireless networks untethered the power of …
Ng9-1-1, Cybersecurity, And Contributions To The Model Framework For A Secure National Infrastructure, Andrew Jackson Coley
Ng9-1-1, Cybersecurity, And Contributions To The Model Framework For A Secure National Infrastructure, Andrew Jackson Coley
Catholic University Journal of Law and Technology
9-1-1 call networks form the foundation of emergency communications infrastructure. However, a lack of funding and taking such networks for granted has led to a gradual yet predictable outdating of this critical infrastructure. Fortunately, recent efforts have acknowledged as such, and dedicated public safety officials have worked to update 9-1-1 systems to Next Generation 9-1-1 (NG9-1-1).
NG9-1-1 is an IP-based network with 21stcentury technology capable of handling increased call volume, more resilient networks, and providing significantly more data to first responders, among litany of other advancements. With this much needed advancement comes the responsibilities of ensuring a secure …
Democracy At Stake In The Digital Age: Engaging In The Net Neutrality Debate For The Preservation Of Free Speech And The Redemption Of Public Interest, Christina (Sung Min) Yoh
Democracy At Stake In The Digital Age: Engaging In The Net Neutrality Debate For The Preservation Of Free Speech And The Redemption Of Public Interest, Christina (Sung Min) Yoh
CMC Senior Theses
Net neutrality is currently one of the most topical government policies up for debate. In the following paper, I will examine three cases in which net neutrality has been threatened by internet service providers and the Federal Communications Commission and reinforced by public interest groups, major website companies, and the public. The online regime has been a critical instrument in the outcome of all three cases, highlighting the role and influence of internet users in the virtual and physical public spheres.
Some say that the battle is already lost. FCC Chairman Ajit Pai and his Republican majority in the agency …
Common Carriage’S Domain, Christopher S. Yoo
Common Carriage’S Domain, Christopher S. Yoo
All Faculty Scholarship
The judicial decision invalidating the Federal Communications Commission's first Open Internet Order has led advocates to embrace common carriage as the legal basis for network neutrality. In so doing, network neutrality proponents have overlooked the academic literature on common carriage as well as lessons from its implementation history. This Essay distills these learnings into five factors that play a key role in promoting common carriage's success: (1) commodity products, (2) simple interfaces, (3) stability and uniformity in the transmission technology, (4) full deployment of the transmission network, and (5) stable demand and market shares. Applying this framework to the Internet …
An Unsung Success Story: A Forty-Year Retrospective On U.S. Communications Policy, Christopher S. Yoo
An Unsung Success Story: A Forty-Year Retrospective On U.S. Communications Policy, Christopher S. Yoo
All Faculty Scholarship
Looking backwards on the occasion of Telecommunications Policy’s fortieth anniversary reveals just how far U.S. communications policy has come. All of the major challenges of 1976, such as promoting competition in customer premises equipment, long distance, and television networking, have largely been overcome. Moreover, new issues that emerged later, such as competition in local telephone service and multichannel video program distribution, have also largely been solved. More often than not, the solution has been the result of structural changes that enhanced facilities-based competition rather than agency-imposed behavioral requirements. Moreover, close inspection reveals that in most cases, prodding by the courts …
“Hello…It’S Me. [Please Don’T Sue Me!]” Examining The Fcc’S Overbroad Calling Regulations Under The Tcpa, Marissa A. Potts
“Hello…It’S Me. [Please Don’T Sue Me!]” Examining The Fcc’S Overbroad Calling Regulations Under The Tcpa, Marissa A. Potts
Brooklyn Law Review
Americans have received unwanted telemarketing calls for decades. In response to a rapid increase in pre-recorded calls made using autodialer devices, Congress enacted the Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) in 1992. The TCPA imposes restrictions on calls made to consumers’ residences and wireless phones using autodialer devices, even if they are not telemarketing calls. Congress appointed the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to prescribe rules and regulations to enforce the TCPA. In 2015, the FCC released an order that defined autodialer more broadly under the statute. Consequently, devices that have the potential to become autodialers in the future, even if they …
The Fcc And The “Pre-Internet”, John Blevins
The Fcc And The “Pre-Internet”, John Blevins
Indiana Law Journal
Network neutrality has dominated broadband policy debates for the past decade. While important, network neutrality overshadows other policy levers that are equally important to the goals of better, cheaper, and more open broadband service. This lack of perspective has historical precedent—and understanding this history can help refocus today’s policy debate. In the 1960s and 1970s, telephone companies threatened the growth of the nascent data industry. The FCC responded with a series of rulemakings known as the “Computer Inquiries” proceedings. In the literature, Computer Inquiries enjoys hallowed status as a key foundation of the Internet’s rise.
This Article, however, argues that …
Sweeten The Deal: Transfer Of Federal Spectrum Through Overlay Licenses, Brent Skorup
Sweeten The Deal: Transfer Of Federal Spectrum Through Overlay Licenses, Brent Skorup
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
The explosion in consumer demand for wireless services that began in the 1990s caught policymakers off guard. Demand for wireless services has only accelerated, as new cellular wireless technologies-such as broadband Internet via 3G and 4G LTE-permit services such as web browsing, video streaming, the Internet of things, and gaming, necessitating a steady influx of spectrum as an input.
Blacklining Editorial Privilege, Justin Hurwitz
Blacklining Editorial Privilege, Justin Hurwitz
Michigan Telecommunications & Technology Law Review
Over the past year, FCC Commissioner Mike O’Rielly has drawn valuable attention to various Commission procedures in need of reform. Of these procedures perhaps the most perplexing is that of “editorial privileges” – a process whereby Commission staff is granted permission to continue editing Commission Orders subsequent to their adoption, such that the text of the Order voted on by the Commission is not necessarily the same as that ultimately published in the Federal Register or otherwise released to the public. This procedure is longstanding – predating institutional memory; yet it is also entirely unprecedented in the canon of administrative …
Astroturf Campaigns: Transparency In Telecom Merger Review, Victoria Peng
Astroturf Campaigns: Transparency In Telecom Merger Review, Victoria Peng
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
Large telecommunications companies looking to merge spend millions of dollars in their lobbying efforts to clear regulatory hurdles and obtain approval for their proposed mergers. Corporations such as AT&T, Comcast, and Time Warner use public participation processes as vehicles to influence regulatory decision-making. In the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) merger review context, the notice- and-comment process and public hearings have become fertile breeding grounds for hidden corporate influence. Corporations spend millions on corporate social responsibility programs and call upon nonprofit organizations that receive their largesse to represent their corporate interests as grassroots interests when the FCC seeks public comment. This …
What Common Law And Common Sense Teach Us About Corporate Cybersecurity, Stephanie Balitzer
What Common Law And Common Sense Teach Us About Corporate Cybersecurity, Stephanie Balitzer
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
This Note examines the challenges of corporate cyberdefense and suggests an approach to mitigate them. Part I outlines the background of the corporate cyberdefense quandary and various cyberdefense strategies. Part II explores the current landscape of cybersecurity law in the United States and the regulatory infrastructure that governs cybercrimes. Part II also surveys case law that illustrates the legal loopholes and ambiguities corporations face when implementing cybersecurity measures. Finally, Part III argues that the proposed active defense model fails to comport with practical concerns and established legal principles. This Note’s comparative analysis of common law ‘defense of property’ principles and …
Beyond Transparency: The Semantics Of Rulemaking For An Open Internet, Reza Rajabiun
Beyond Transparency: The Semantics Of Rulemaking For An Open Internet, Reza Rajabiun
Indiana Law Journal
In trying to promote the development of an open Internet, the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has primarily tried to encourage network providers to be transparent about their traffic management practices and quality of service prioritization policies. Dominant network operators have successfully challenged this minimalist approach to addressing end-user concerns about the rise of a two-tiered Internet, motivating the FCC to engage in yet another public consultation process to assess its future approach to the problem. This article maps the debate using Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools that allow us to build a systematic picture of the positions of the …
Network Neutrality And The First Amendment, Andrew Patrick, Eric Scharphorn
Network Neutrality And The First Amendment, Andrew Patrick, Eric Scharphorn
Michigan Telecommunications & Technology Law Review
The First Amendment reflects the conviction that the widest possible dissemination of information from diverse and antagonistic sources is essential to public welfare. Like the printing press, the Internet has dramatically transformed the marketplace of ideas by providing unprecedented opportunities for individuals to communicate. Though its growth continues to be phenomenal, broadband service providers— acting as Internet gatekeepers—have developed the ability to discriminate against specific content and applications. First, these gatekeepers intercept and inspect data transferred over public networks, then selectively block or slow it. This practice has the potential to stifle the Internet’s value as a speech platform by …
Newsroom: Fcc's Sohn On Consumer Protection, Roger Williams University School Of Law
Newsroom: Fcc's Sohn On Consumer Protection, Roger Williams University School Of Law
Life of the Law School (1993- )
No abstract provided.
The 4th Annual Professor Anthony J. Santoro Business Law Lecture Series: Consumer Protection In The Broadband Era: The Role Of The Fcc, Roger Williams University School Of Law
The 4th Annual Professor Anthony J. Santoro Business Law Lecture Series: Consumer Protection In The Broadband Era: The Role Of The Fcc, Roger Williams University School Of Law
School of Law Conferences, Lectures & Events
No abstract provided.
Verizon’S “Certification Process” And Why The Fcc Needs To Take A Stand, P. J. Gretter
Verizon’S “Certification Process” And Why The Fcc Needs To Take A Stand, P. J. Gretter
Indiana Law Journal
This Note will give an in-depth review of the legality and policy implications of Verizon’s lengthy certification process. Part I will give a short background of the time leading up to Verizon’s purchase of the C-Block. It will then review the actual rules of the agreement between Verizon and the FCC at the time of the purchase, as well as the pertinent history following the purchase. Part II will analyze whether Verizon’s lengthy certification process violates the C-Block rules or the general spirit of Verizon’s agreement to abide by the rules. Part III will then argue that, even if Verizon’s …
Federal And State Authority For Broadband Regulation, Tejas N. Narechania
Federal And State Authority For Broadband Regulation, Tejas N. Narechania
Tejas N. Narechania
Possible Paradigm Shifts In Broadband Policy, Christopher S. Yoo
Possible Paradigm Shifts In Broadband Policy, Christopher S. Yoo
All Faculty Scholarship
Debates over Internet policy tend to be framed by the way the Internet existed in the mid-1990s, when the Internet first became a mass-market phenomenon. At the risk of oversimplifying, the Internet was initially used by academics and tech-savvy early adopters to send email and browse the web over a personal computer connected to a telephone line via networks interconnected through in a limited way. Since then, the Internet has become much larger and more diverse in terms of users, applications, technologies, and business relationships. More recently, Internet growth has begun to slow both in terms of the number of …
Wireless Localism: Beyond The Shroud Of Objectivity In Federal Spectrum Administration, Olivier Sylvain
Wireless Localism: Beyond The Shroud Of Objectivity In Federal Spectrum Administration, Olivier Sylvain
Michigan Telecommunications & Technology Law Review
Recent innovations in mobile wireless technology have instigated a debate between two camps of legal scholars about federal administration of the electromagnetic spectrum. The first camp argues that the Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”) should define spectrum use rights more clearly and give spectrum licensees broad property rights in frequencies. The second camp argues that, rather than award exclusive licenses to the highest bidder, the FCC ought to open much, if not most, of the spectrum to unlicensed use by smartphones and tablets equipped with the newest spectrum administration technology. First, this Article shows that both of these camps comprise a …
Relaxing The Rules Of Media Ownership: Localism And Competition And Diversity, Oh My! The Frightening Road Of Deregulation , Kristen Morse
Relaxing The Rules Of Media Ownership: Localism And Competition And Diversity, Oh My! The Frightening Road Of Deregulation , Kristen Morse
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
S!*T, P*@S, C*^T, F*#K, C*@!S*&!Er, M*!#$*@!*#^R, T*!S - The Fcc's Crackdown On Indecency, Lindsay Weiss
S!*T, P*@S, C*^T, F*#K, C*@!S*&!Er, M*!#$*@!*#^R, T*!S - The Fcc's Crackdown On Indecency, Lindsay Weiss
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
The Invalidation Of Mandatory Cable Access Regulations: Fcc V. Midwest Video Corp., Robert L. Clarkson
The Invalidation Of Mandatory Cable Access Regulations: Fcc V. Midwest Video Corp., Robert L. Clarkson
Pepperdine Law Review
No abstract provided.
Assessing Competition In U.S. Wireless Markets: Review Of The Fcc’S Competition Reports, Gerald R. Faulhaber, Robert W. Halm, Hal J. Singer
Assessing Competition In U.S. Wireless Markets: Review Of The Fcc’S Competition Reports, Gerald R. Faulhaber, Robert W. Halm, Hal J. Singer
Federal Communications Law Journal
The FCC's 14th and 15th Annual Wireless Competition reports review a wide variety of evidence, both direct (how firms and customers behave) and indirect (industry concentration measures) in making its competitive assessment. The reports are silent on how to interpret this evidence. In contrast, modem antitrust analysis relies far more on direct evidence. In failing to put more weight on the relevant direct market evidence to reach an informed competitive assessment, the 14th and 15th reports invite erroneous conclusions about the state of competition in wireless markets. The authors are concerned that these erroneous conclusions eventually could adversely influence regulatory …