Law Commons^™

The Constitution's Forgotten Cover Letter: An Essay On The New Federalism And The Original Understanding, Daniel A. Farber

Michigan Law Review

At the end of the summer of 1787, the Philadelphia Convention issued two documents. One was the Constitution itself. The other document, now almost forgotten even by constitutional historians, was an official letter to Congress, signed by George Washington on behalf of the Convention. Congress responded with a resolution that the Constitution and "letter accompanying the same" be sent to the state legislatures for submission to conventions in each state.

The Washington letter lacks the detail and depth of some other evidence of original intent. Being a cover letter, it was designed only to introduce the accompanying document rather than …

Foreword, Louis H. Pollak

Michigan Law Review

Introduction to the Symposium Reflections on United States v. Lopez

Enumerated Means And Unlimited Ends, H. Jefferson Powell

Michigan Law Review

United States v. Lopez can be read as a fairly mundane disagreement over the application of a long-settled test. The Government defended the statute under review in the case, the Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990, along familiar lines as a permissible regulation of activity affecting interstate and foreign commerce.

In this essay, I do not address the question whether Lopez was an important decision. My concern instead is with the problem that underlies Lopez's particular issue of the scope of the commerce power: Given our commitment to limited national government, in what way is the national legislature actually limited? …

Commerce!, Deborah Jones Merritt

Michigan Law Review

In this article, I explore the Supreme Court's new definition of "Commerce ... among the several States."9 In Part I, I examine three new principles that Lopez announces and that could significantly rework the Court's Commerce Clause jurisprudence. Part II, however, shows that these principles must be understood in the context of almost a dozen factors narrowing the Supreme Court's Lopez decision. Part II also demonstrates that the lower courts have understood the contextual uniqueness of Lopez and already have distinguished the decision in upholding more than half a dozen broad exercises of congressional authority. Part III then shows that …

"A Government Of Limited And Enumerated Powers": In Defense Of United States V. Lopez, Steven G. Calabresi

Michigan Law Review

The Supreme Court's recent decision in United States v. Lopez marks a revolutionary and long overdue revival of the doctrine that the federal government is one of limited and enumerated powers. After being "asleep at the constitutional switch" for more than fifty years, the Court's decision to invalidate an Act of Congress on the ground that it exceeded the commerce power must be recognized as an extraordinary event. Even if Lopez produces no progeny and is soon overruled, the opinion has shattered forever the notion that, after fifty years of Commerce Clause precedent, we can never go back to the …

The Flexible Doctrine Of Spoliation Of Evidence; Cause Of Action, Defense, Evidentiary Presumption And Discovery Sanction, Robert L. Tucker

Akron Law Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Further Evidence Of Discrimination In New Car Negotiations And Estimates Of Its Cause, Ian Ayres

Michigan Law Review

A 1991 test of new car dealerships in Chicago indicated that dealerships offered significantly lower prices to white male testers than to similarly situated black and-or female testers: white female testers were asked to pay 40% higher markups than white male testers; black male testers were asked to pay more than twice the markup of white male testers; and black female testers were asked to pay more than three times the markup of white male testers. This article extends the results of this initial test by presenting not only more authoritative evidence of discrimination but also a new quantitative method …

Section 5: Business And Commerce, Institute Of Bill Of Rights Law, William & Mary Law School

Supreme Court Preview

No abstract provided.

The Dormant Commerce Clause And State-Mandated Preference Laws In Public Contracting: Developing A More Substantive Application Of The Market-Participant Exception, Benjamin C. Bair

Michigan Law Review

This Note argues that the current focus on the relationship between states and their local governments as the key determinant of the constitutional validity of state-mandated preference laws is flawed. Instead, a court considering the validity of a state-mandated preference law should uphold such a law only if it distributes the benefits of state expenditures to state residents and does not excessively burden interstate commerce.

The Use Of Penalty Clauses In Location Incentive Agreements, Matthew T. Furton

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Intellectual Property And The Costs Of Commercial Exchange: A Review Essay, Robert P. Merges

Michigan Law Review

A Review of The Commercial Law of Intellectual Property by Peter A. Alces and Harold F. See

Lawyers As Exchange Engineers In Commerce: An Empirical Overview, Sandra M. Huszagh, Fredrick W. Huszagh

Scholarly Works

This article empirical explores the exchange relationship between lawyers and their clients with particular attention on the variables of experience and practice specialty. The lawyers' perceptions of client relationships are preliminarily analyzed in terms of their discrete or relational properties and their distribution within experience segments within the firm. Enriched understanding of these matters can assist both lawyers and their clients in crafting more efficient and effective exchange relationships here viewed as critical to commercial activities.

For Better Of For Worse: The Statutory Derivative Action In Singapore, Pearlie Koh

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Managerial accountability (or the lack of it) to shareholders has been described as “one of the major socio-legal problems of the twentieth century”. That such a comment has come to be made seems inevitable given the fact that common law courts have consistently upheld, in the absence of fraud, the managerial authority of the Board against the shareholders in general meeting. The Directors have almost absolute authority to decide what is, in their opinion, in the commercial interests of the company. The concerns of shareholders are obvious in public companies where, for the sake of economic efficiency and as a …

Choosing The Law Governing Perfection: The Data And Politics Of Article 9 Filing, (With C. Mooney, Jr.). , Steven L. Harris

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Negotiability, Electronic Commercial Practices, And A New Structure For The Ucc Article 9 Filing System: Tapping The Private Market For Information Technology, (With C. Mooney, Jr.). , Steven L. Harris

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Books Received

Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business

No abstract provided.

Much Ado About Nothing: Achieving "Essential" Negotiability In An Electronic Environment, David Frisch

Law Faculty Publications

The approach adopted here is both historical and analytical. Part II of this Article describes the historical development of assignment law, and demonstrates that it parallels a more general shift of the law away from physical conceptions of property. It concludes that although a paper-based document may still be a practical requirement, there is no longer a valid theoretical justification for not making the law of negotiable instruments media neutral. In Part III we survey the features of negotiable instrument law and compare it generally with the law of assignments. This comparison suggests that the most striking substantive difference between …

Squeeze-Outs And Freeze-Outs In Limited Liability Companies, Franklin A. Gevurtz

McGeorge School of Law Scholarly Articles

No abstract provided.

Predisposed With Integrity: The Elusive Quest For Justice In Tripartite Arbitrations, Deseriee A. Kennedy

Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

Priorities In Chattel Paper: Analysis Of § 9-308 Of The U.C.C., Joseph Wilson

LLM Theses and Essays

Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) governs any transaction which creates a security interest in personal property or fixtures. Generally when there is a conflict between secured parties in the same collateral, the UCC’s default priority rule declares the first secured party to file a financing statement or perfect its interest to have priority. However, section 9-308 creates an exception to this default rule when the security interest is claimed in chattel paper. Chattel paper is a group of writings taken together that evidence both a monetary obligation and a security interest in or a lease of specific …

The Relevant Market In European Merger Law, Benedicte Haubold

LLM Theses and Essays

Due to the rapid acceleration of merger movements in the 1980s, the adoption of new merger regulation was a must for the European market. Before the new merger regulation was adopted in 1989, the European Commission used to apply the general competition rules of the Rome Treaty when dealing with mergers. The Commission used to interpret Articles 85 and 86 of the Rome Treaty as a means to condemn mergers that would lead to an abuse of a dominant position at a European level; at that time, there was an absence of complete and systematic control as far as structural …

Vexatious Litigation As Unfair Competition And The Applicability Of The Noerr-Pennington Doctrine, Robert L. Tucker

Akron Law Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Cuestiones Sobre La Cambial En Blanco Y Las Alteraciones Del Título En Un Fallo De La Suprema Corte De Justicia De Buenos Aires, Martin Paolantonio

Martin Paolantonio

Breve nota fallo del Tribunal Superior de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, sobre el régimen jurídico aplicable al título librado en blanco y los efectos testaduras o alteraciones del texto

El Derecho De Suscripción Preferente Y Las Acciones En Cartera De La Sociedad. La Enajenación De La Autocartera, Martin Paolantonio

Martin Paolantonio

Análisis sobre la inconveniencia de extender el derecho de suscripción preferente a las acciones en cartera de la sociedad

Fondos Comunes De Inversión Y Protección Del Ahorrista: Una Asignatura Pendiente, Martin Paolantonio

Martin Paolantonio

Primera aproximación en la doctrina argentina sobre la aplicación de la legislación de defensa del consumidor en operaciones de mercado de capitales. Análisis de las falencias en materia de tutela de los cuotapartistas de fondos comunes de inversión

La Representación En Materia Cambiaria, Martin Paolantonio, Salvador Bergel

Martin Paolantonio

Análisis de las diferentes cuestiones que se plantean en materia de representación en los títulos valores cambiarios, incluyendo las derivadas de la actuación de sociedades comerciales

La Resolución General 262 De La Cnv Y La Compra De Sus Propias Acciones Por Las Sociedades Anónimas, Martin Paolantonio

Martin Paolantonio

Análisis de la RG 262 de la CNV y el régimen de compra de acciones propias por sociedades en el ámbito de la oferta pública

Las Acciones De Responsabilidad Patrimonial Contra Terceros En La Quiebra, Martin Paolantonio, Salvador Bergel

Martin Paolantonio

Análisis de las diferentes acciones de responsabilidad patrimonial en la quiebra luego de las reformas de la ley 24522

Oponibilidad De La Inexistencia De La Cuenta Corriente Bancaria En El Proceso Ejecutivo, Martin Paolantonio

Martin Paolantonio

Nota a fallo que acepta como defensa en el juicio ejecutivo la defensa de inexistencia del contrato de cuenta corriente

Persona Humana Y Persona Jurídica, Jorge Carlos Adame

Jorge Adame Goddard

No abstract provided.