Law Commons^™

Dynamic Corporate Purpose: Decentralizing The Choice Over Director Orientation, Fields Pierce

Vanderbilt Law Review

The debate over corporate purpose has turned into a “gordian knot” where parties with entrenched beliefs about what the corporation should or should not be within society refuse to waver. There are inherent flaws with the governance models proposed by academics, politicians, and practitioners alike, so a novel method for setting and maintaining corporate purpose is required. This Note asks why there must be a one-size-fits-all approach to purpose and proposes a solution: dynamic corporate purpose.

This Note argues that states should not mandate all corporations hold the same corporate purpose but instead should use the logic of the public …

Why The Corporation Locks In Financial Capital But The Partnership Does Not, Richard Squire

Vanderbilt Law Review

Each partner in an at-will partnership can obtain a cash payout of his interest at any time. The corporation, by contrast, locks in shareholder capital, denying general payout rights to shareholders unless the charter states otherwise. What explains this difference? This Article argues that partner payout rights reduce the costs of two other characteristics of the partnership: the non-transferability of partner control rights, and the possibility for partnerships to be formed inadvertently. While these characteristics serve valuable functions, they can introduce a bilateral-monopoly problem and a special freezeout hazard unless each partner can force the firm to cash out his …

What Was The "Dartmouth College" Case Really About?, Charles R.T. O'Kelley

Vanderbilt Law Review

This Article is the first modern work of corporation law scholarship fully examining the Dartmouth College case as it was lived and understood at the time. Earlier scholars, the author of this Article included, have relied on the case to make doctrinal and theory-of-the firm arguments about Supreme Court precedents regarding the constitutional rights of corporations. Moreover, these earlier works have primarily focused on, and found talismanic meaning, in two sentences in Marshall’s opinion:

"A corporation is an artificial being, invisible, intangible, and existing only in contemplation of law. Being the mere creature of law, it possesses only those properties …

The Economics Of Corporation Law And Securities Regulation, Larry E. Ribstein, C. Paul Rogers

Vanderbilt Law Review

To evaluate this book as a teaching tool one must consider several questions. First, of what value is an economic analysis of law? Second, should one consider economics in a corporations or securities law course? Third, does this book offer a worthwhile approach to bringing economics into the corporate law curriculum? Last, how well has this approach been executed in the book? It may be a bit late to ponder the value of an economic analysis of the law. Economic legal theorists are both extending and deepening the thinking about economics' role in facilitating an understanding of law. This new …

Tax Problems In Sales To Controlled Corporations, Brian C. Ellis

Vanderbilt Law Review

Mr. Ellis examines the tax consequences arising when a taxpayer sells appreciated property to a controlled corporation in order to realize a capital gain for himself as well as to increase the basis of the property. He points out the dangers inherent in such a transaction and suggests precautions which should be taken to obtain favorable tax treatment. The author concludes that a taxpayer transferring appreciated property to a controlled corporation may achieve substantial tax benefits because of the relative ineffectiveness of sections 351 and 1239; however, it will be almost impossible for a taxpayer to recognize a loss on …

The Powers Of Shareholders Of A Societe Anonyme, David J. Supino

Vanderbilt Law Review

French corporation law,which is primarily statutory, has seen no comprehensive statutory revision in almost a century; and while literally dozens of amendments have been engrafted on to the basic corporate legislation of 1867, they are for the most part ad hoc legislative resolutions of particular problems which betray no underlying unity of design and which have broken the unity of the old legislation. The result is that the law is Janus faced, and the theories which the law embodies are not wholly in accord with social and economic needs.

In this necessary process of assimilating new insights into the law …

Non-Tax Aspects Of Thin Incorporation, Thomas H. Rainey Jr.

Vanderbilt Law Review

The coveted privilege of conducting business in the corporate form is not an unconditional grant.' As consideration for granting the corporate privilege of doing business with limited liability, the law requires that the shareholders "put at the risk of the business some stake which shall appear reasonably adequate for its prospective needs." This "stake," characterized as equity capital, represents that portion of the shareholders' capital investment which is required by law as the basis of financial responsibility for the protection of corporate creditors. This special fund is substituted for the personal liability which the participants would otherwise have for the …

Fifteen-Year Survey Of Corporate Developments, 1944-1959, Miguel A. De Capriles

Vanderbilt Law Review

The foregoing survey, it is believed, amply demonstrates the kaleidoscopic variety of the corporate developments of the past fifteen years, even though for obvious reasons much of the detail has had to be omitted. General conclusions are difficult to draw. It seems likely that the success of capitalist enterprise in this, period and the self-imposed improvement in standards of corporate. Fanchon & Marco, Inc. v. Paramount Pictures, 202 F.2d 731 (2d Cir. management have retarded the underlying trend toward expansion of the role of government in the regulation of economic affairs. There has been no occasion for new dramatic statutory …

State Taxation Of Corporate Income From A Multistate Business, Paul J. Hartman

Vanderbilt Law Review

So long as we have a federal system of government, a continuing problem, and certainly one of the most pressing, is that of an effective coordination of taxes. That problem has achieved paramount impor- tance in late years. Because of new and expanding conceptions as to what governments should do for people, our state governments are continually confronted with ever-increasing demands that they provide additional governmental functions and supply more governmental services. The resulting increase in governmental activities and extension of benefits mean urgent needs for additional revenue. As prices have spiraled under the increasing pressure of meeting our domestic …

Personal Liability Of Corporate Officers For Ultra Vires Contracts, J. F. Dirisio

Vanderbilt Law Review

A director or other officer of a corporation, when contracting on its behalf, acts as its agent and the laws of agency are generally applicable. This note presents those problems, apparently unique to corporation law, in the liability of an agent who, with authority, contracts for a principal who has no authority.' Of no concern here are those instances where, either because of ratification or estoppel, the corporation itself is liable, since if the principal is bound the other party has no ground of complaint against the agent.

An officer of a corporation, contracting in excess of or without authority …