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Articles 1 - 29 of 29
Full-Text Articles in Law
Municipal Corporations-Taxation-Supervisory Control Of State Board Of Tax Commissioners
Municipal Corporations-Taxation-Supervisory Control Of State Board Of Tax Commissioners
Indiana Law Journal
No abstract provided.
Corporations - Reorganization - Expedition Required Under Section 77b In Agreeing Upon And Presenting Acceptable Plan
Michigan Law Review
B corporation filed its petition for reorganization under Section 77B of the Bankruptcy Act. This was contested by answer of bondholders' committee and certain minor creditors as provided for in Section 77B (a) on the ground that reorganization was not in the best interests of the preserving of assets. Held, there is no reason to believe that with a fair and equitable plan of reorganization there would be no substantial equities; therefore, the petition is received and B is allowed to proceed under Section 77B and to present within a reasonable time some plan of reorganization as provided by …
Corporations-Allowance For Depreciation Of Real Estate In Determining Surplus
Corporations-Allowance For Depreciation Of Real Estate In Determining Surplus
Michigan Law Review
In a proceeding to review the election of directors it became necessary to determine whether or not a certain declaration of dividends was lawful. The Delaware statute provides that dividends may be declared either "out of its [the corporation's] net assets in excess of its capital" or "in case there shall be no such excess, out of its net profits for the fiscal year then current and/or preceding fiscal year." It was admitted that there had been no profits during the current or preceding fiscal year, and it was found that in calculating the surplus no allowance had been made …
Bankruptcy- Preferred Stockholders As Creditors For Accrued Dividends Under Section 77b Of The Bankruptcy Act
Michigan Law Review
Preferred stockholders were "beguiled" into purchasing their stock, and paid, as part of the subscription price, for accrued dividends at the rate of 6 per cent per annum from June 1, 1933, to the date of their respective subscriptions, upon the "virtual promise of refund" on December 1, 1933, the next dividend date. No dividend was declared or paid. Such stockholders seek to file a petition for the reorganization of the corporation under Section 77B of the Bankruptcy Act as "creditors" within the meaning of the word as employed in that section. Held, they are "creditors" within the meaning …
Corporations -Accountability Of Majority Shareholders For Secret Profits
Corporations -Accountability Of Majority Shareholders For Secret Profits
Michigan Law Review
A corporation wished to obtain a lease owned by B corporation. Unable to purchase the lease, A corporation contracted with C and D, holders of a majority of the stock of B corporation, and officers and directors therein, whereby C and D were to exchange their stock in B corporation for an equivalent of $15.95 a share. C and D further agreed to recommend to the minority an offer of an equivalent of $14.12 a share. On the recommendation of C and D, but without knowledge that they were receiving less for their stock, the other shareholders accepted …
Taxation--Business Situs Of Credits--Domestication Of Foreign Corporations, William F. Wunschel
Taxation--Business Situs Of Credits--Domestication Of Foreign Corporations, William F. Wunschel
West Virginia Law Review
No abstract provided.
Corporations-State Privilege Taxes-Valuation Of Property To Determine Surplus
Corporations-State Privilege Taxes-Valuation Of Property To Determine Surplus
Michigan Law Review
Various bases have been evolved in this country for computing corporation privilege taxes. Of special interest is the fact that seven states have made corporate surplus together with capital the basis for such taxes - Louisiana, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Ohio, and Texas. The statutes of these states adopt either the gross value or the net value of the assets of corporations as the foundation of the tax, depending upon whether or not liabilities may be deducted. In fixing the amount of such a tax, some valuation of corporate property to determine the corporation's surplus is necessary.
Corporations-Liability For Unpaid Subscriptions-Power Of Receiver To Collect Unpaid Amount
Corporations-Liability For Unpaid Subscriptions-Power Of Receiver To Collect Unpaid Amount
Michigan Law Review
The liability of a subscriber to corporate stock exists by virtue of the contractual obligation to the corporation to pay the subscription price or the unpaid installment thereon. Because this liability is often declared by statute, it is essential, to avoid a confused analysis of the precise nature of the liability in question, to distinguish other types of stockholder's liability. Statutory super-added liability in excess of the par value of the stock, and liability for watered stock are excluded from consideration. An analysis of the subscriber's liability will be materially aided by a classification with respect to plaintiffs entitled to …
Corporations-Trust Indenture-Bond And Indenture Provisions Giving Notice To Security Holders Of Limitations Upon Right To Sue
Michigan Law Review
In a recent comment in this Review it was pointed out that many corporate bonds contain a clause referring the bondholder to the trust indenture, under which the bonds are issued, for a description of his rights with respect to the bond. The main purpose of this reference clause is to give the holder notice of the limitations upon his right to sue either at law upon the bond or in equity upon the security. These limitations, whatever they may be, are generally too numerous to reprint on the bond, and hence they are found only in the indenture. One …
Corporations - Exculpatory Provision In Bond - Stockholders' Liability For Illegal Dividends
Corporations - Exculpatory Provision In Bond - Stockholders' Liability For Illegal Dividends
Michigan Law Review
A bondholders' protective committee sued a holding company under a Michigan statute making stockholders in street railway companies, who knowingly receive dividends in impairment of capital stock, liable for corporate debt then existing and subsequently accruing while they remain stockholders. The defense relied on was a "no recourse" clause in the bonds wherein the creditors waived their rights to any assessment whatsoever "against any incorporator, stockholder, officer or director of the railway company, or any successor corporation." Held, the "no recourse" clause waived only liabilities where the defendant acted in good faith; not where the defendant acted fraudulently in …
Corporate Reorganization-Section 77 Of The Bankruptcy Act--Power Of Court To Enjoin Sale Of Bonds Pledged As Collateral
Michigan Law Review
The recent Chicago, Rock Island case raised an interesting problem under Section 77 of the Bankruptcy Act. The Chicago, Rock Island as parent railroad of a system extending into one-fourth of the states, had pledged large blocks of its own mortgage bonds and those of its subsidiaries, as security for loans made to it by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation and some Chicago, New York, and St. Louis banks, under an agreement whereby the pledgees were given a power of private sale, without notice, upon set contingencies. In addition to the above it had previously pledged with trustees as security for …
Corporations-Reorganization Under Bankruptcy Act-Jurisdiction Extending Throughout United States As Substitute For Ancillary Proceedings
Michigan Law Review
On petition of debtor railroad seeking reorganization under Section 77, the District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, eastern division, enjoined non-resident pledgees from exercising their power of sale. Extra-territorial jurisdiction was grounded on Section 77 B, giving to the District Court "exclusive jurisdiction of the debtor and its property wherever located." Held, that "exclusive jurisdiction" means control over the debtor's property wherever located within the United States, and to protect the property process may issue affecting persons anywhere within the United States. Continental Illinois Nat. Bank v. Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Ry., (U.S. 1935) 55 …
Corporate Reorganization Under The Bankruptcy Act, Joseph Heffernan
Corporate Reorganization Under The Bankruptcy Act, Joseph Heffernan
Indiana Law Journal
No abstract provided.
Corporations-Contracts By Foreign Corporations Before Compliance With Statutes Governing Admission-Validity
Indiana Law Journal
No abstract provided.
Price-Fixing In The Bituminous Coal Industry--A Legal-Economic Problem, Stephen P. Burke
Price-Fixing In The Bituminous Coal Industry--A Legal-Economic Problem, Stephen P. Burke
West Virginia Law Review
The coal industry is a war casualty. True, the infections which resulted in its almost complete disability over the past decade were present long before the war and, if unchecked, would in time have run the same course. However, war exposure unquestionably aggravated the disease and hastened the disability. The cripple became a pauper, offering his wares for whatever -the public would pay, which was almost invariably less than the true cost. To be sure, the public in a manner made this up to him through private and state charity and latterly through federal relief. Withal, he was scarcely able …
Injunctions--Covenant Of Employee Not To Compete--Validity Of Extensive Territorial Restrictions--Divisibility, Rudolph E. Hagberg
Injunctions--Covenant Of Employee Not To Compete--Validity Of Extensive Territorial Restrictions--Divisibility, Rudolph E. Hagberg
West Virginia Law Review
No abstract provided.
Corporations -Liability Of Broker On Misleading Circulars
Corporations -Liability Of Broker On Misleading Circulars
Michigan Law Review
The possibilities of civil and criminal liability under the recent Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 have caused considerable fear to those business groups which take part in the business of issuing and transferring corporate securities. The federal acts do subject the vendor of securities who induces sales by means of false or misleading prospectuses and circulars to a possibility of civil liability which was not present under the common law. In a recent Michigan case, the court reached substantially the objectives sought by these acts by applying the existing rules of common law in …
Corporations - Fiduciary Relation Of Directors - Purchase Of Stock For Company
Corporations - Fiduciary Relation Of Directors - Purchase Of Stock For Company
Michigan Law Review
A company needed a block of stock offered to it in order to acquire certain patent rights. The finances of the company were insufficient to effect the purchase. The board of directors accepted the offer for the company with the understanding that the directors would acquire the stock individually and turn over to the company the needed patent rights. After bankruptcy, the trustee of the company sued to recover profits realized by the directors from a sale of the stock. Held, the inability of the company to purchase the stock itself does not relieve the directors from liability for …
Corporations - Right Of Preferred Stockholders To Participate In Dividends Beyond Specified Amount
Corporations - Right Of Preferred Stockholders To Participate In Dividends Beyond Specified Amount
Michigan Law Review
The holders of a minority of the preferred stock of a foundry company petitioned for receivership and repayment of part of the dividends which had been paid to common stockholders, contending that after payment of the stipulated 6 per cent dividend on the preferred stock and a like percentage on the common stock, preferred and common stockholders should participate alike in all further dividends declared. There was no provision in the articles or by-laws of the corporation concerning such participation in dividends. Held, that in the absence of express provision, preferred stockholders are entitled to receive only their guaranteed …
Tort Liability Of Municipal Corporations In Indiana, Alma Chattin
Tort Liability Of Municipal Corporations In Indiana, Alma Chattin
Indiana Law Journal
No abstract provided.
Corporations-Voting Trust Agreements - Extensions Beyond Statutory Limit
Corporations-Voting Trust Agreements - Extensions Beyond Statutory Limit
Michigan Law Review
A voting trust agreement provided that the trust should continue for ten years from the date thereof, and authorized the trustees at the expiration of such term to renew the agreement for a further term. Held, that under the New York statute limiting voting trusts to ten years the agreement was valid for such period, but the provision authorizing renewal was invalid. Kittinger v. Churchill Evangelistic Ass'n, 151 Misc. 350, 271 N. Y. S. 510 (1934).
Corporations - Depreciation And Net Profits For Dividend Purposes
Corporations - Depreciation And Net Profits For Dividend Purposes
Michigan Law Review
This discussion will deal only with cash dividends on par value stock. It proceeds on the assumption that dividends in a particular jurisdiction may be paid only from "net profits," but it is not the writer's purpose to interpret "net profits" except so far as that term is affected by depreciation. The discussion will consist of a short examination of the economic nature of depreciation; a consideration of accounting techniques for handling depreciation in the accounts, with an evaluation of these techniques from the point of view of analytical jurisprudence; and a discussion of the case law.
Corporations -De Facto Existence Of Corporations Where Charter Expired
Corporations -De Facto Existence Of Corporations Where Charter Expired
Michigan Law Review
After expiration of its charter the defendant corporation, which had been operating under the name of "Trustees of the Young Harris Institute," continued to conduct the business for which it was incorporated, holding itself out to the public as a corporate entity under the name of "Young L. G. Harris College." Plaintiff sued on a contract for goods and services furnished to defendant as "Young L. G. Harris College." Held, defendant is a de facto corporation and cannot escape liability on the ground that there was in fact no legal corporation by the name of "Young L. G. Harris …
Mining Partnerships In West Virginia, Stephen Ailes
Mining Partnerships In West Virginia, Stephen Ailes
West Virginia Law Review
A recent West: Virginia case bases the determination of the rights of the parties upon certain rules peculiar to the law of mining partnership, thereby supplementing a line of decisions which have been the subject of frequent citation by courts and text writers throughout the country. Those decisions paint a more or less complete picture when properly grouped, and it is the purpose of this note to effect that grouping.
Corporations-Trust Indenture-Notice To Security Holders Of Contents Of Indenture
Corporations-Trust Indenture-Notice To Security Holders Of Contents Of Indenture
Michigan Law Review
Ever since corporate bonds made their appearance more than a century ago, there has been a steady increase in difficult problems relating thereto. Not the least interesting of these problems pertains to the matter of notice to holders of the bonds and other securities of the contents of the indenture under which they are generally issued. The question becomes acute when one of these bondholders starts suit in law or in equity, and is met by the proposition that his right to so sue is limited by the trust indenture. There are two aspects to the matter, and it is …
Corporations-Creditors' Right To Avoid Contract Between Holding And Subsidiary Corporations
Corporations-Creditors' Right To Avoid Contract Between Holding And Subsidiary Corporations
Michigan Law Review
In an ancillary proceeding, the receiver of a subsidiary corporation sought inter alia to recover from the parent corporation, which had owned for about thirteen years all of the stock of the subsidiary except shares necessary to qualify directors, fees paid under contracts during that period for management and engineering services. Held, the court will read just the consideration paid for these services and permit recovery against the parent corporation for the excess. Grand Rapids Trust Co. v. United Light and Power Co., (D. C. W. D. Mich. 1931) 7 F. Supp. 511.
Liability Of A Trustee: Balancing Gains Against Losses, Benjamin Harris Jr.
Liability Of A Trustee: Balancing Gains Against Losses, Benjamin Harris Jr.
Kentucky Law Journal
No abstract provided.
Book Review. Cases On Business Organization By R. Magill And R. P. Hamilton, Robert C. Brown
Book Review. Cases On Business Organization By R. Magill And R. P. Hamilton, Robert C. Brown
Articles by Maurer Faculty
No abstract provided.
Business Associations - Joint Adventure Distinguished From Partnership
Business Associations - Joint Adventure Distinguished From Partnership
Michigan Law Review
The defendants, husband and wife, agreed with the plaintiff for the construction and sale of a house on the wife's land, she to be paid a certain sum from the proceeds, and the husband and plaintiff to receive fair compensation for their work, with the balance, if any, to be divided between the husband and plaintiff. Held, that the agreement created a joint adventure between the plaintiff and the husband rather than a partnership. Garber v. Whittaker, (Del. 1934) 174 Atl. 34.