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Articles 1 - 30 of 95
Full-Text Articles in Law
The New Governance And The Tools Of Public Action: An Introduction, Lester M. Salamon
The New Governance And The Tools Of Public Action: An Introduction, Lester M. Salamon
Fordham Urban Law Journal
A fundamental re-thinking is currently underway throughout the world about how to cope with public problems. Stimulated by popular frustrations with the cost and effectiveness of government programs and by a new-found faith in liberal economic theories, serious questions are being raised about the capabilities, and even the motivations, of public-sector institutions. This type of questioning has spread beyond American political discourse to other parts of the world. Underlying much of this reform surge is a set of theories that portrays government agencies as tightly structured hierarchies insulated from market forces and from effective citizen pressure and therefore free to …
Keynote Address: Consensus Building, Public Dispute Resolution, And Social Justice, Lawrence E. Susskind
Keynote Address: Consensus Building, Public Dispute Resolution, And Social Justice, Lawrence E. Susskind
Fordham Urban Law Journal
These remarks were prepared for and delivered at the Second Annual Fordham University School of Law Dispute Resolution Society Symposium on October 12, 2007. The Address discusses how democracy, public dispute resolution, and social justice fit together. The speaker opens with an example of a small city making a decision about a large industrial development project from the perspective of a traditional model and a consensus-oriented model. He then addresses three major problems with the first: (i) the majority rule problem; (ii) the representation problem; and (iii) the adversarial format problem. The speaker goes on to advocate for the consensus-building …
Card Check Recognition: New House Rules For Union Organizing?, Rafael Gely, Timothy D. Chandler
Card Check Recognition: New House Rules For Union Organizing?, Rafael Gely, Timothy D. Chandler
Fordham Urban Law Journal
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Labor Organizing By Executive Order: Governor Spitzer And The Unionization Of Home-Based Child Day-Care Providers, David L. Gregory
Labor Organizing By Executive Order: Governor Spitzer And The Unionization Of Home-Based Child Day-Care Providers, David L. Gregory
Fordham Urban Law Journal
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Finding The Synergy Between Law And Organizing: Experiences From The Streets Of Los Angeles, Victor Narro
Finding The Synergy Between Law And Organizing: Experiences From The Streets Of Los Angeles, Victor Narro
Fordham Urban Law Journal
MISSING
Labor's Wage War, Catherine K. Ruckelshaus
Binational Guestworker Unions: Moving Guestworkers Into The House Of Labor, Jennifer Hill
Binational Guestworker Unions: Moving Guestworkers Into The House Of Labor, Jennifer Hill
Fordham Urban Law Journal
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English Reforms To Judicial Selection: Comparative Lessons For American States? , Judith L. Maute
English Reforms To Judicial Selection: Comparative Lessons For American States? , Judith L. Maute
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This article offers a brief comparative look at American and British jurisprudential pending selection reforms, and argues that American states could improve their appointive systems by incorporating modern personnel recruitment and hiring practices. To restore public confidence in the courts, people must believe that judges exercise legitimate authority, undistorted by personal or partisan preferences. Beyond changes to the structural selection process in the Constitutional Reform Act, the extended conversations are bringing about foundational cultural shifts in the role of judges and their manner of selection. We could learn much from Britain’s modernized appointive system that aims to be open, transparent, …
"Reasonably Predictable:" The Reluctance To Embrace Judicial Discretion For Substantial Assistance Procedures, India Geronimo
"Reasonably Predictable:" The Reluctance To Embrace Judicial Discretion For Substantial Assistance Procedures, India Geronimo
Fordham Urban Law Journal
In United States v. Booker, the Supreme Court held that the Federal Sentencing Guidelines are no longer mandatory, yet still instructed sentencing courts to continue to advise the Guidelines. In light of this expanded judicial discretion, post-Booker cooperation, or 5K1.1, motions made by the government are of particular interest because it can have the potential to increase the court’s power while simultaneously limiting a prosecutor’s discretion by departing from the guidelines without any motion made from the government. While most appellate courts have been reluctant to affirm sentences that have been substantially departed from the guidelines in the absence of …
Subtle But Pervasive: Discrimination Against Mothers & Pregnant Women In The Workplace, Alison A. Reuter
Subtle But Pervasive: Discrimination Against Mothers & Pregnant Women In The Workplace, Alison A. Reuter
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This Comment examines discrimination against mothers in the workplace, including discrimination against women on the basis of pregnancy, childcare, and breast-feeding, and proposes that new legislation is necessary in order to create equal opportunities for men and women, at work and at home. The Parental Discrimination Act (PDA) specifically tries to remedy the embedded assumptions and biases that lie beneath discrimination against pregnant women and mothers. Yet, until the embedded assumptions and biases that form the basis for the current work-family structure are eradicated, women and men will not be able to enjoy equal opportunities both at work and at …
The Death Penalty And The Debate Over The U.S. Supreme Court’S Citation Of Foreign And International Law, Yitzchok Segal
The Death Penalty And The Debate Over The U.S. Supreme Court’S Citation Of Foreign And International Law, Yitzchok Segal
Fordham Urban Law Journal
The appropriateness of using foreign and international law in interpreting the U.S. Constitution has spawned passionate rhetoric and an ever-growing body of literature. Yet, the Supreme Court’s use of foreign and international law in interpreting the Constitution is not itself revolutionary, as the Court has freely drawn on supranational law throughout history. It is not the Court’s mere use of comparative legal sources that has sparked the recent debate, it is the context of these references. The Court has recently cited foreign and international law to support key positions in high-profile cases dealing with hyper-sensitive domestic issues, including the death …
“Special Delivery:” Where Do National Security Letters Fit Into The Fourth Amendment?, Lauren M. Weiner
“Special Delivery:” Where Do National Security Letters Fit Into The Fourth Amendment?, Lauren M. Weiner
Fordham Urban Law Journal
After the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, Congress passed the USA PATRIOT Act to aid law enforcement efforts to fight terrorism and broadened the scope of certain investigatory tools. One such tool, National Security Letters (NSLs), gives the government the authority to request certain types of transactional records without requiring judicial pre-approval and without giving the recipient a meaningful method to challenge it. This Comment examines NSLs both in the context of foreign intelligence and domestic criminal investigations and is primarily focused on how to classify NSLs and how to use them in a manner that reduces the potential …
Medicinal Marijuana And Palliative Care: Carving A Liberty Interest Out Of The Glucksberg Framework , Adam Hyatt
Medicinal Marijuana And Palliative Care: Carving A Liberty Interest Out Of The Glucksberg Framework , Adam Hyatt
Fordham Urban Law Journal
In Gonzales v. Raich, the Supreme Court vacated the Ninth Circuit’s decision and held that the Controlled Substances Act was not an unconstitutional exercise of the Commerce Clause, yet never reached the substantive due process claim or the medical necessity. This Comment assesses whether there is a right to palliative care and focuses on the substantive due process claim available to the plaintiffs on remand. This Comment argues that, in view of the Court’s precedents, there is a right, subject to limitations, to use last-resort medical marijuana. In addition, the author determines that there is a fundamental right to palliative …
A Dangerous Mix: Mandatory Sentence Enhancements And The Use Of Motive, Joshua S. Geller
A Dangerous Mix: Mandatory Sentence Enhancements And The Use Of Motive, Joshua S. Geller
Fordham Urban Law Journal
The comment begins with a story about an attack that took place against a homosexual where the attacker was then charged with a hate crime because he attacked a homosexual and seemingly was motivated by the victims sexual preference. The resulting strict punishment was based on motive and the comment discusses whether it is a good idea to mandate stricter punishment for crimes based on different kinds of motives. The comment then explores the differences between intent and motive, examines motive in the view of conspiracies based on Pinkerton liability and such, and looks at motive in the context of …
Homeless Legal Advocacy: New Challenges And Directions For The Future, L. Hafetz
Homeless Legal Advocacy: New Challenges And Directions For The Future, L. Hafetz
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This Article examines the role of lawyers for homeless people. It argues that while even the most zealous legal advocacy cannot alone solve homelessness, it remains an important tool because of the assistance it provides to individuals, its impact on broader legal rules, and its potential role in shaping public perception and debate. The Article also maintains that legal advocacy works best when combined with a holistic approach that addresses homeless clients' non-legal needs, such as housing placement, case management, medical and psychiatric care, job training, and substance abuse counseling. It further argues that, to the extent possible, lawyers for …
Homeless Legal Advocacy: New Challenges And Directions For The Future, L. Hafetz
Homeless Legal Advocacy: New Challenges And Directions For The Future, L. Hafetz
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This Article examines the role of lawyers for homeless people. It argues that while even the most zealous legal advocacy cannot alone solve homelessness, it remains an important tool because of the assistance it provides to individuals, its impact on broader legal rules, and its potential role in shaping public perception and debate. The Article also maintains that legal advocacy works best when combined with a holistic approach that addresses homeless clients' non-legal needs, such as housing placement, case management, medical and psychiatric care, job training, and substance abuse counseling. It further argues that, to the extent possible, lawyers for …
Addressing Urban Transportation Equity In The United States , Robert D. Bullard
Addressing Urban Transportation Equity In The United States , Robert D. Bullard
Fordham Urban Law Journal
Transportation touches almost every aspect of our lives and plays a pivotal role in shaping human interactions, economic mobility, and sustainability. Transportation provides access to opportunity and serves as a key component in addressing poverty, unemployment, and equal opportunity goals. This article examines the inequity that exists in the United States when it comes to transit, as the benefits from transportation advancements and investments are not distributed equally among communities, making transportation equity an issue of civil rights and social justice. This article frames transportation issues as a continuation of the civil rights movement and the wrestling with differential treatment …
Extremely Motivated: The Republican Party's March To The Right, Cliff Schecter
Extremely Motivated: The Republican Party's March To The Right, Cliff Schecter
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This article tracks the evolution of the Republican party's shift from "a party of blue blood northeastern gentlemen to a party of southern agrarian populists" and its espousal of less moderate and more conservative positions over time. It considers what this means in the future for more moderate Republicans.
The Role Of A Lawyer's Morals And Religion When Counseling Clients In Bioethics, Joseph Allegretti
The Role Of A Lawyer's Morals And Religion When Counseling Clients In Bioethics, Joseph Allegretti
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This Article examines how a lawyer may handle conflicts that arise when counseling clients on bioethics issues. Through an exploration of three standard client counseling models - authoritarian, client-centered and collaborative - the author presents suggestions on how to handle a conflict between the lawyer's own moral and religious values and the choices available to the client. The author suggests that lawyers are not barred from incorporating their own values as long as they communicate that decision to the client.
Privatization And The Democracy Problem In Globalization: Making Markets More Accountable Through Administrative Law, Alfred C. Aman Jr.
Privatization And The Democracy Problem In Globalization: Making Markets More Accountable Through Administrative Law, Alfred C. Aman Jr.
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This Article analyzes the privatization of traditional government services by placing such changes in governance in a global context. Looking into what domestic institutions have to do with the global economy, this Article argues that the privatization of governmental services is very much a piece with deregulatory trends in the United States and elsewhere in which state-centered approaches to a variety of regulatory problems increasingly have given way to markets and market discourses at all levels of government. This Article then considers the effects of such privatization trends on the public/private distinction itself, and its implications for democracy in general. …
Privatization And Political Accountability, Jack M. Beerman
Privatization And Political Accountability, Jack M. Beerman
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This article draws some general connections between privatization and political accountability. Although the main focus of the article is to examine different types of privatization, specifically exploring the ramifications for political accountability of each type, I also engage in some speculation as to whether there are situations in which privatization might raise constitutional concerns related to the degree to which the particular privatization reduces political accountability for the actions or decisions of the newly privatized entity. Court-created constitutional limits on privatization concerning political accountability have antecedents in recent Tenth Amendment jurisprudence and not-so-recent nondelegation cases. "Privatization" denotes a broad spectrum …
Contractual Welfare: Non-Accountability And Diminished Democracy In Local Government Contracts For Welfare-To-Work Services, Barbara L. Bezdek
Contractual Welfare: Non-Accountability And Diminished Democracy In Local Government Contracts For Welfare-To-Work Services, Barbara L. Bezdek
Fordham Urban Law Journal
The Welfare State of the mid-twentieth century has been supplanted by the rise of the Contractual State, miring welfare reform in the United States in this worldwide reinvention of government. Moving people from welfare to work became a primary goal of federal welfare policy with the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996, and the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program it created. This new structure expressly permits states to devolve welfare policy and operations further still, to the county and city levels, and even to private vendors. As a result of this change, new issues of accountability …
Privatized Communities And The "Secession Of The Successful": Democracy And Fairness Beyond The Gate, Sheryll D. Cashin
Privatized Communities And The "Secession Of The Successful": Democracy And Fairness Beyond The Gate, Sheryll D. Cashin
Fordham Urban Law Journal
In the twentieth century we became a nation of homeowners. Among this vast majority of American property owners is a significant and growing subset who live in common interest developments ("CIDs"). CIDs are likely to become a dominant form of private home ownership in the next century. They present a very real threat to the social contract in America because they inculcate secessionist attitudes, which will be very hard to counter. As CIDs continue to proliferate, America will need effective public forums in which to mediate and negotiate solutions to problems that transcend borders, gates, and neighborhoods.
Government As Administrator Vs. Government As Purchaser: Do Rules Or Markets Create Greater Accountability In Serving The Poor?, David R. Riemer
Government As Administrator Vs. Government As Purchaser: Do Rules Or Markets Create Greater Accountability In Serving The Poor?, David R. Riemer
Fordham Urban Law Journal
The debate over privatization masks the fact that, whether government provides services with its own employees or buys the same services from private vendors, government remains in charge. This essay looks into the decision whether to use a traditional administrative structure to deliver a service or instead purchase it from private vendors.
Privatization And The New Public Management, E.S. Savas
Privatization And The New Public Management, E.S. Savas
Fordham Urban Law Journal
Privatization is now commonplace throughout the world: in communist, socialist, and capitalist countries; in developed and developing countries; in democracies and dictatorships. It is no longer a partisan or ideological issue, but rather a pragmatic and increasingly routine approach to governing and to managing public services. In short, privatization, properly carried out, works well and produces benefits. It requires a different role for government, and it calls for more brain cells and fewer muscle cells in the public service.
Old Wine In New Bottles: Public Interest Lawyering In An Era Of Privatization, Louise G. Trubek
Old Wine In New Bottles: Public Interest Lawyering In An Era Of Privatization, Louise G. Trubek
Fordham Urban Law Journal
Both the theory and practice of public interest lawyering are in transition. Whereas the public interest lawyer of the 1960s and 1970s typically advocated before administrative agencies and courts on behalf of poor people and underrepresented groups, the public interest lawyer of today assumes a much greater variety of roles and is involved in a broader array of tasks. One of the causes of this development is the privatization of government, which has been defined as an increased reliance on the private institutions of society to satisfy public needs.
The Changing Shape Of Government
The Changing Shape Of Government
Fordham Urban Law Journal
Gillian E. Metzger, Alfred C. Aman Jr., Charles F. Sabel, Lester M. Salamon, E.S. Savas and Elliot D. Sclar participate in panel discussions focusing on the question of how to secure government accountability in the context of the expansion of privatization in government? This panel discusses some of the changes we are seeing in government institutions and in the ways government operates. The panelists describe ways in which the move toward privatization and the expansion of the gray area between public and private is occurring, but also will talk about changes we may see as being particularly useful in dealing …
Public Oversight Of Public/Private Partnerships
Public Oversight Of Public/Private Partnerships
Fordham Urban Law Journal
Richard Briffault moderates this panel discussion with Jack M. Beermann, Barbara L. Bezdek, Wayne G. Hawley, Susan Sturm and Louise G. Trubek. This panel looks more directly at some of the mechanisms for accountability and monitoring, a central theme of the entire Symposium. The panelists will be talking about such issues as the role of hte courts, litigation, government agencies, monitoring procedures, community organizations, advocacy groups, and public interest lawyering in providing monitoring and accountability for the new organizations and hybrid organizations that are center stage in the era of privatization.
Living With Privatization: At Work And In The Community
Living With Privatization: At Work And In The Community
Fordham Urban Law Journal
Jerry L. Marshaw moderates this panel discussion with Cathlin Baker, Sheryll D. Cashin, John D. Donahue, Hon. Floyd Flake, Eugene W. Harper Jr. and Kerry Korpi.
Privatization In Practice: Human Services
Privatization In Practice: Human Services
Fordham Urban Law Journal
Matthew Diller moderates this panel discussion with Jacquelyn L. Boggess, Anna Burger, Liz Krueger, David V. Mastran and David R. Riemer. This panel discusses questions like, what happens to public sector workers who follow their jobs after they have been contracted out? Additionally, in the debate about privatization versus public service provision, we must be careful not to forget accountability.