Mining Engineering Commons^™

Numerical Back Analysis Of An Underground Bulk Mining Operation Using Distributed Optical Fiber Sensors For Model Calibration, Samuel Nowak, Taghi Sherizadeh, Mina Esmaeelpour, Paul Brooks, Dogukan Guner, Kutay Karadeniz

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Numerical Modeling Of Complex Underground Engineering Projects Such As Caverns, Tunnels, And Bulk Mining Zones Is An Essential Part Of The Design Phase. Large-Scale Models Require Significant Reductions In Complexity From The Real-World Scenario, Which Often Leads To Low Confidence In The Model Output. In This Work, A Mine-Scale Numerical Model Is Developed To Simulate A Room And Pillar Extraction Mining Operation. The Model Inputs Are Calibrated Through The Comparison Of The Model Response To Pillar Extraction In An Analogous Mine Geometry With Measured Strain Values Collected Using A Novel Distributed Optical Fiber Strain Sensing Technique After Pillar Extraction. Calibration …

Further Results On Frequency-Domain Channel Equalization For Single Carrier Underwater Acoustic Communications, Y. Rosa Zheng, Chengshan Xiao, Xin Liu, Wen-Bin Yang, T. C. Yang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A frequency-domain channel equalization and phase correction method was proposed in a previous work published in Oceans'07 conference, in which 10^-4 BER performance was presented for fixed-to-fixed source/receiver channels. The method is improved by using minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimation in channel updates rather than least squares estimation. It is applied to moving-to-fixed channels in the AUVFest'07 ocean experiment where single-carrier wideband transmission was employed with quadrature phase shift keying modulation. The moving source channels exhibit higher Doppler shift and larger Doppler drift than the fixed-to-fixed channels. Therefore, the number of symbols required for initial phase estimation is increased …

Using Coupled Eulerian And Lagrangian Grids To Model Explosive Interactions With Buildings, Braden Lusk, William P. Schonberg, Jason Baird, Robert S. Woodley, Warren Noll

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents the development of a computational model that can be used to study the interactions between structures and detonating explosives contained within them. This model was developed as part of an effort to develop a rubble characterization model for use in AmmoSIM, an agent based urban tactical decision aid (UTDA) software for weapon-target pairing. The rubble pile created following the collapse of a building in a combat situation can significantly impact mission accomplishment, particularly in the area of movement and maneuver. The information provided by AmmoSIM will enable both platoon level and command center staff to make informed …

Rubble Pile Characterization Model, William P. Schonberg, Jason Baird, Paul Nicholas Worsey, Abdeldjelil Belarbi, Roger A. Laboube, Braden Lusk, R. Flanagan, H. Burleson, Robert S. Woodley, Warren Noll

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Rubble piles created following the collapse of a building in a combat situation can significantly impact mission accomplishment, particularly in the area of movement and maneuver. Rubble characteristics must be known, for example, in order to predict the ability of a vehicle to override the collateral damage from weapon effects in urban areas. Two types of models are developed: a first-order model and a first-principles-based model. In both models, we assume complete rubblization of the building and develop a rubble profile model using the size and composition of the collapsed structure to predict the rubble volume. In both cases, this …

Longitudinal Shock Wave Depolarization Of Pb(Zr₅₂Ti₄₈)O₃ Polycrystalline Ferroelectrics And Their Utilization In Explosive Pulsed Power, Sergey I. Shkuratov, Evgueni F. Talantsev, Jason Baird, Henryk Temkin, Larry L. Altgilbers, Allen H. Stults

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A poled lead zirconate titanate Pb(Zr52Ti48)O3 (PZT) polycrystalline piezoelectric ceramic energy-carrying element of a compact explosive-driven power generator was subjected to a longitudinal explosive shock wave (the wave front traveled along the polarization vector P0). The shock compression of the element at pressures of 1.5-3.8 GPa caused almost complete depolarization of the sample. Shock wave velocity in the PZT was determined to be 3.94 ± 0.27 km/s. The electric charge stored in a ferroelectric, due to its remnant polarization, is released during a short time interval and can be transformed into pulsed power. Compact explosive-driven power sources utilizing longitudinal shock …

Operation Of High-Voltage Transverse Shock Wave Ferromagnetic Generator In The Open Circuit And Charging Modes, Sergey I. Shkuratov, Evgueni F. Talantsev, Jason Baird, Larry L. Altgilbers, Allen H. Stults, Stanislav V. Kolossenok

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Results of the investigation of the operation of explosive-driven high-voltage shock wave ferromagnetic generators (FMGs) in the open circuit and charging modes are presented. FMGs are based on the transverse (when the shock wave propagates across the magnetization vector M) shock demagnetization of Nd2Fe14B hard ferromagnetic energy-carrying elements of diameter 2.22 cm and length 2.54 cm (volume 8.5 cm3). In the charging mode the capacitance of capacitor banks compatt was varied from 18 to 36 nF. The energy transferred to the capacitor bank reached 0.38 J. FMGs provided pulsed powers of 35-45 kW in times ranging from 10 to 15 …

Compact High-Voltage Generator Of Primary Power Based On Shock Wave Depolarization Of Lead Zirconate Titanate Piezoelectric Ceramics, Sergey I. Shkuratov, Evgueni F. Talantsev, Latika Menon, Henryk Temkin, Jason Baird, Larry L. Altgilbers

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The design and performance of a compact explosive-driven high-voltage primary power generator is presented. The generator utilizes a fundamental physical effect—depolarization of ferroelectric materials under longitudinal shock wave impact, when the shock wave is initiated along the polarization vector P. These primary power sources, containing energy-carrying elements made of lead zirconate titanate poled piezoelectric ceramics, with the volume from 0.35 to 3.3 cm3, are capable of producing pulses of high voltage with amplitudes up to 21.4 kV. The amplitude and full width at half-maximum of the high-voltage pulses are directly proportional to the thickness of the energy-carrying element, with coefficients …

7th Annual Umr-Dnr Conference On Energy -- Entire Proceedings, University Of Missouri--Rolla

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

No abstract provided.

Energy Evaluation And Component Characterization Data In A Residential Solar Monitoring Program, Gene E. Kouba, William P. Moran, Bruce V. Ketcham

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The initial phase of performance analysis, data acquisition system development and short term component characterization of a two year residential solar energy monitoring program are presented. The purpose of the monitoring program is to accumulate both short and long term performance data which would be useful in optimizing system operation, determining possible improvements to the system configuration, validating simulation methods for predicting performance, and estimating the economics of the system.

5th Annual Umr-Dnr Conference On Energy -- Entire Proceedings, University Of Missouri--Rolla

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

This volume is a collection of refereed papers presented at the Fifth Annual UMR-DNR Conference on Energy held at the University of Missouri--Rolla on the dates of October 10 - 12, 1978.

Guided by the President's goal of energy independence by 1980, the UMR-DNR Conference on Energy organized in 1974 with the purpose of providing social scientists, scientists and engineers a means for rapid communication of their most recent research results in the field of energy and to offer solutions to the energy related problems of local government, business, industry and the general public. Since that time, there has been …

3rd Annual Umr-Mec Conference On Energy -- Entire Proceedings, University Of Missouri--Rolla

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

No abstract provided.

Front Matter, University Of Missouri--Rolla

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

No abstract provided.

Opening Remarks, Raymond L. Bisplinghoff

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

You are all extended the very warmest welcome to the University of Missouri-Rolla. This four day conference on energy, the second of its kind, is filled with papers and activities that should find some interest for almost everyone involved in energy activities. All of us on this campus want you to have a rewarding four days and to enjoy yourselves as well. It goes without saying that we stand ready to aid you in every way that is possible. I want to commend the organizers, particularly Dr. Derald Morgan, for his hard and dedicated work in putting the conference together.

Energy Conservation In Uniroyal, Inc., John C. Madigan

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

In the last year, rapid developments have led to the establishment of industry conservation goals and monitoring by the Department of Commerce and the Federal Energy Administration via the various industry associations.

Since 1972, Uniroyal has progressed more than half way toward the 1980 goal of 15% established for the rubber and chemical industries. This paper will describe details of the program with emphasis on new input, such as the computerized tracking method now in use.

Plant studies have provided an assessment of "base" loads vs. process loads, important when considering unit energy consumption. These vary, particularly with the climate …

The Energy Conservation Implications Of Master Metering Of Electric Service In Apartments, Gordon Gross

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

A study has been made of the difference in electricity usage between residents of "Electricity included" apartments and those tenants who pay individual "light bills." The factors which influence owners' and builders' choices of metering service are discussed in detail.

Data taken from over 100 apartment buildings or complexes in 10 major U.S. metropolitan areas and from over 50 major electric power companies are used as the basis for the reported results. Contractors estimates of the costs to convert building service from master to individual meter and some bases for these costs are presented.

The energy conservation potential which might …

Energy Conservation Program At Ralston Purina, George A. Bossman

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

While the food industry as a whole uses only about 5 per cent of total manufacturing energy, we at Ralston Purina Company recognize our dependence upon energy and the importance of a strong energy management program. Last year, as part of this program, we established and implemented an energy conservation program designed to identify opportunities for conservation.

The major thrust of this program has been directed at manufacturing facilities where usages can be traced, wastes detected, and appropriate action taken. These are separate from a general overall corporate effort to make employees more energy conscious in every phase of their …

Solar Assisted Power Systems, A. G. Potter

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Except for hydroelectric power, solar electric generation has not been widely used in the past to assist power system generation because of its relatively high cost. This situation has now started to change with the advent of the energy crisis as exemplified by decreasing natural gas supplies and increasing fossil fuel prices. One possible response to this situation which appears to have a relatively good chance for economic success is the utilization of wind and solar thermal energy for space and water heating loads served by natural gas or electric power. Unfortunately, a large portion of the energy collected in …

Wind Energy Concentrators, John L. Loth

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

This paper presents two alternatives to the shrouded propeller wind energy concentrator. Their operation is based on generating a low pressure area, with high local wind velocity, around the windmill rotor.

The two types of wind energy concentrators considered are: (1) the "obstruction type" concentrator where a vertical cylinder or vertical flat surface is used to produce high local velocities around two counter-rotating vertical axis rotors, and (2) the "vortex type" concentrator where a horizontal vortex is generated by a vertical high lift wing of finite span. The high local wind kinetic energy inside the vortex is harnessed by a …

Energy From Agriculture, E. C. Clausen, D. L. Million, Efton Park, J. L. Gaddy

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

During the past few years, the demand for energy and petrochemicals has grown at a pace so rapid that our reserves of fossil fuels, once considered inexhaustible, are now being quickly depleted. To help lessen this impending problem, alternative sources of energy must be rapidly developed.

Of the many new sources of energy being studied, solar energy, undisputedly, is the most inexhaustible. Energy from the sun, incident upon the earth's surface, exceeds by nearly three orders of magnitude the total energy consumption today. Furthermore, it is not subject to nationalistic boundaries and its use would be compatible with our environmental …

Energy Management In The Food Store, Paul Adams

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Food store refrigeration is vital to the food distribution system and consumes much of the energy used in a supermarket. The manufacturers of food store display equipment have worked long and hard to develop new ideas in supermarket energy conservation. Hussmann's studies have uncovered a number of facts invaluable to anyone concerned with energy conservation in the supermarket.

The first fact is to realize that supermarkets are different from any other retail stores. They consume more energy each year per sq. ft. of store - or per customer - or per dollar sales than other retail stores and most commercial …

Osmo - Power. Osmotic Work; Energy Production From Osmosis Of Fresh Water/Sea-Water Systems, H. H. G. Jellinek

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

It is imperative that new and ecologically acceptable energy sources are made available. Solar energy is a source which seems to be inexhaustible and free of pollution hazards. One vast source, which can be considered to be a solar energy source consists of the system fresh water/sea water. Fresh water is continually removed by the hydrological cycle where water evaporates from the ocean due to solar radiation and is eventually precipitated again in the form of fresh water feeding various rivers. Fresh water and ocean (salt) water mix when rivers flow into the oceans. The different chemical potentials are equalized …

Lean Burning Spark-Ignition Engines -- An Overview, J. A. Alic

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Means of improving the thermal efficiency of spark-ignition internal combustion engines through fuel-lean combustion at part-load are discussed. For purposes of comparison and evaluation, lean-burning engines are classified as modified conventional engines, stratified charge engines, and engines using alternative fuels. Particular attention is given to automobile applications because of their importance for conservation of fuels.

Efficiency In The Use Of Energy Has Been Effected Through Industrial Use Of Subsurface Space, Truman Stauffer Sr.

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Our Nation, with its high standard of living made possible by industrialization, draws heavily on energy producing natural resources. Self reliance mandates the use of every measure of conservation in order to extend the yet finite supply of energy to meet our national needs. Efficiency in the use of energy has been and can increasingly be effected through industrial use of subsurface space. The use of mined rooms for industry and warehousing utilizes the natural stable underground temperature and the low coefficient of heat transfer existing naturally in the lithosperic materials of the subsurface environment. The small amount of energy …

A Vehicle For Improving Energy Management For Business And Industry, Herbert M. Eckerlin, Albert S. Boyers

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

A new technical assistance program focusing on the area of energy management has been developed by North Carolina State University for business and industry. This paper describes the operation of the program and presents some typical recommendations made to industry. The impact of the energy crisis on small industry is discussed and future plans for addressing this problem are presented.

Planned Reduction In Electrical Energy Use In Nashville - Davidson County, Tennessee: A Preliminary Assessment, Barry D. Lichter, William F. Flanagan, Robert S. Goodrich, James K. Sebenius, C. Paul Beach

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

An assessment was carried out of the impacts of the various alternative strategies designed to reduce the rate of electrical energy use in the Nashville-Davidson County area, in the light of a potential crisis in supply. Seven strategies were identified among the major categories of voluntary reduction, price regulation, and mandatory reduction. Thirty-three sub-sectors were identified among residential, commercial and industrial users, and the consequences of imposing the strategies were assessed using a cross-impact matrix. The value of the methodology as an aid to public policy formulation lies in its possible extension to allow direct participation of various affected publics.

Alternative Approaches To Energy Modeling, Alan S. Cohen, Kenneth W. Costello

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The effects of government and private sector energy policies are varied and interrelated. Before implementing research and development programs, new technologies, environmental and price regulations, import quotas, and other energy-related policies, the consequences of these programs must be identified and quantified on a regional basis. To evaluate the regional impacts of energy policies, we need to consider production costs, transportation costs, and the location of reserves, as well as the demands for energy and nonenergy goods. Developing techniques for analyzing these factors was the objective of many previous research efforts. The strengths and weaknesses of the resulting models are discussed …

Ways To Reduce Peak Electrical Demand In South Louisiana, S. J. Gold, M. D. Bakewell, G. E. Guidry, E. F. Lewis, L. J. Naquin, B. P. Whitney

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

This study analyses alternatives for coping with the peak electrical demand of hot summer afternoons. Economic and Political aspects, as well as technical feasibility, are included. It is concluded that South Louisiana may indeed be able to trim peak demand to 5% below what is anticipated by 1980 , thus making one of the coal fired stations scheduled then unnecessary. However, the contingencies (Natural Gas Shortage, Another Oil Embargo) would make a coal-fired station very desirable.

The Impact Of Direct Coupling Of Solar Cell Arrays To Electric Power Networks, Adel H. Eltimsahy, Fernando L. Alvarado, Thomas W. Boyd

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

This paper has to do with a preliminary investigation of the economic impact of solar cells when directly coupled to a conventional three-phase power network in the Toledo area.

A correlation is established between power system demand curves and solar insolation data in the Toledo area using computer simulation. The correlation studies determine how successfully solar cell/inverter systems can alleviate the power system demand during peak hours. They also show how much solar cell area will be needed to cause a significant impact on the power generating system.

Using computer simulation the initial cost of the solar cell/inverter is compared …

Choosing Alternative Energy Systems Under Conditions Of Uncertainty, Dennis Costello

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

A methodology for simulating the decision process of an investor deciding between alternative energy systems is presented. The approach assumes the investor bases his decision on cost (or rate of return) and risk. Risk is treated directly in the model and not reduced to a certainty equivalent. The rate of return-risk characteristics of many system combinations allows them to be eliminated as viable choices to the investor without reference to his personal attitude toward risk.

Energy Conservation At Monsanto, Ray E. Doerr

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

We at Monsanto want to thank you for the opportunity to tell you about our energy conservation program. We are proud of our accomplishments to date, and are very optimistic regarding plans for the future in energy conservation.

Through our five operating companies and supported by corporate departments, Monsanto directs the conservation efforts at 50 locations in the United States.

We also have a very active conservation program in Canada and Europe.