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Articles 1 - 30 of 44
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Water Quality Sampling And Analysis, Joanna Burkhardt
Water Quality Sampling And Analysis, Joanna Burkhardt
Library Impact Statements
No abstract provided.
University Of Rhode Island Course Information Assistant, Daniel Gauthier
University Of Rhode Island Course Information Assistant, Daniel Gauthier
Senior Honors Projects
Personal voice-interactive systems have become ubiquitous in daily life. There are many of these digital assistants such as Siri, Alexa, and Google Assistant. The chances are high you have access to one right now. This technology has reached a point where the context of a conversation can be maintained, which is a vast improvement over earlier technology. Interactions without conversational context can limit interactions greatly and this was the case for previous digital assistants. Every time someone would say something to an assistant, it was like they were constantly changing operators on a customer service line. The assistants can now …
Modeling Eeg And Tdcs In Scirun Software Packages, Aiden Keene, Aiden Thomas Keene
Modeling Eeg And Tdcs In Scirun Software Packages, Aiden Keene, Aiden Thomas Keene
Senior Honors Projects
Never before has there been a greater emphasis on improving the shortcomings of treating mental health conditions. Our generation has more knowledge about technological practices with the potential to monitor and treat mental health symptoms than that of any generation before us. A breakthrough in this field made by CREmedical is called Tripolar Concentric Ring Electrodes (TCRE’s), which can measure signals from the brain more accurately than conventional electrodes. At CREmedical, TCREs are being used to study differences in electrical activity in the brain so as to identify abnormalities, and monitor responses to stimulation therapies. This semester I had the …
The Development Of High-Resolution Seafloor Mapping Techniques, Chris Roman, Gabrielle Inglis, J. Ian Vaughn, Clara Smart, Bertrand Douillard, Stefan Williams
The Development Of High-Resolution Seafloor Mapping Techniques, Chris Roman, Gabrielle Inglis, J. Ian Vaughn, Clara Smart, Bertrand Douillard, Stefan Williams
Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Detection Of Diffuse Sea Floor Venting Using Structured Light Imaging, Gabrielle Inglis, Clara Smart, Christopher Roman, Steven Carey
Detection Of Diffuse Sea Floor Venting Using Structured Light Imaging, Gabrielle Inglis, Clara Smart, Christopher Roman, Steven Carey
Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications
Efficiently identifying and localizing diffuse sea floor venting at hydrothermal and cold seep sites is often difficult. Actively venting fluids are usually identified by a temperature induced optical shimmering seen during direct visual inspections or in video data collected by vehicles working close to the sea floor. Relying on such direct methods complicates establishing spatial relations between areas within a survey covering a broad area. Our recent work with a structured light laser system has shown that venting can also be detected in the image data in an automated fashion. A structured light laser system consists of a camera and …
Remote Analysis Of Grain Size Characteristic In Submarine Pyroclastic Deposits From Kolumbo Volcano, Greece, Clara Smart, D. P. Whitesell, Christopher N. Roman, Steven Carey
Remote Analysis Of Grain Size Characteristic In Submarine Pyroclastic Deposits From Kolumbo Volcano, Greece, Clara Smart, D. P. Whitesell, Christopher N. Roman, Steven Carey
Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications
Grain size characteristics of pyroclastic deposits provide valuable information about source eruption energetics and depositional processes. Maximum size and sorting are often used to discriminate between fallout and sediment gravity flow processes during explosive eruptions. In the submarine environment the collection of such data in thick pyroclastic sequences is extremely challenging and potentially time consuming. A method has been developed to extract grain size information from stereo images collected by a remotely operated vehicle (ROV). In the summer of 2010 the ROV Hercules collected a suite of stereo images from a thick pumice sequence in the caldera walls of Kolumbo …
Concept Tests For A New Wire Flying Vehicle Designed To Achieve High Horizontal Resolution Profiling In Deep Water, Chris Roman, Dave Hebert
Concept Tests For A New Wire Flying Vehicle Designed To Achieve High Horizontal Resolution Profiling In Deep Water, Chris Roman, Dave Hebert
Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications
Efficiently profiling the water column to achieve both high vertical and horizontal resolution from a moving vessel in deep water is difficult. Current solutions, such as CTD tow-yos, moving vessel profilers, and undulating tow bodies, are limited by ship speed or water depth. As a consequence, it is difficult to obtain oceanographic sections with sufficient resolution to identify many relevant scales over the deeper sections of the water column. This paper presents a new concept for a profiling vehicle that slides up and down a towed wire in a controlled manner using the lift created by wing foils. The wings …
Thermoelectric Power Factor Of In2O3:Pd Nanocomposite Films., Otto J. Gregory, Matin Amani, Gustave C. Fralick
Thermoelectric Power Factor Of In2O3:Pd Nanocomposite Films., Otto J. Gregory, Matin Amani, Gustave C. Fralick
Chemical Engineering Faculty Publications
A nanocomposite exhibiting large thermoelectric powers and capable of operating at temperatures as high as 1100 °C in air was fabricated by embedding palladium nanoparticles into an indium oxide matrix via co-sputtering from metal and ceramic targets. Combinatorial chemistry techniques were used to systematically investigate the effect of palladium content in these nanocomposite films on thermoelectric response. Based on these rapid screening experiments, the thermoelectric properties of the most promising nanocomposites were evaluated as a function of post-deposition heat treatment at high temperatures. An n-type nanocomposite film was developed exhibiting a power factor of 4.5 x 10-4 W/m·K2 …
Development Of High Resolution Sea Floor Mapping Tools And Techniques, Gabrielle Inglis, J. Ian Vaughn, Clara Smart, Christopher N. Roman
Development Of High Resolution Sea Floor Mapping Tools And Techniques, Gabrielle Inglis, J. Ian Vaughn, Clara Smart, Christopher N. Roman
Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications
There is a persistent need for high resolution photographic and bathymetric maps of the sea floor for many research areas in marine geology, biology and archaeology. This poster will present recent work using high frequency multibeam sonars, stereo vision and structured light laser imaging techniques to create maps with centimeter resolution for these applications. This research involves the development of new image and sonar processing techniques that combat the typical difficulties of imperfect navigation information, limited sensor ranges and adverse environmental conditions associated with using marine robotic vehicles in the ocean. Data for this work has been collected with the …
Development Of High-Resolution Underwater Mapping Techniques, Christopher N. Roman, Gabrielle Inglis, J. Ian Vaughn, Stefan Williams, Oscar Pizarro, Ariell Friedman, Daniel Steinberg
Development Of High-Resolution Underwater Mapping Techniques, Christopher N. Roman, Gabrielle Inglis, J. Ian Vaughn, Stefan Williams, Oscar Pizarro, Ariell Friedman, Daniel Steinberg
Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Exploration Of The Anaximander Mud Volcanoes, Timothy M. Shank, Santiago Herrera, Walter Cho, Christopher N. Roman, Katherine L. Croff Bell
Exploration Of The Anaximander Mud Volcanoes, Timothy M. Shank, Santiago Herrera, Walter Cho, Christopher N. Roman, Katherine L. Croff Bell
Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Landscape Imaging Of The Southeast Aegean Sea, Michael L. Brennan, Tufan Turanli, Bridget Buxton, Katherine L. Croff Bell, Christopher N. Roman, Meko Kofahl, Orkan Koyagasioglu, Daniel Whitesell, Thomas Chamberlain, Richard Sullivan, Robert Ballard
Landscape Imaging Of The Southeast Aegean Sea, Michael L. Brennan, Tufan Turanli, Bridget Buxton, Katherine L. Croff Bell, Christopher N. Roman, Meko Kofahl, Orkan Koyagasioglu, Daniel Whitesell, Thomas Chamberlain, Richard Sullivan, Robert Ballard
Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Exploration Of The Kolumbo Volcanic Rift Zone, Steven Carey, Katherine L. Croff Bell, Paraskevi Nomikou, Georges Vougioukalakis, Christopher N. Roman, Kathleen Cantner, Konstantina Bejelou, Maria Bourbouli, Julie Fero Martin
Exploration Of The Kolumbo Volcanic Rift Zone, Steven Carey, Katherine L. Croff Bell, Paraskevi Nomikou, Georges Vougioukalakis, Christopher N. Roman, Kathleen Cantner, Konstantina Bejelou, Maria Bourbouli, Julie Fero Martin
Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Thermoelectric Properties Of ZnXInYOX+1.5y Films, Otto J. Gregory, Matin Amani
Thermoelectric Properties Of ZnXInYOX+1.5y Films, Otto J. Gregory, Matin Amani
Chemical Engineering Faculty Publications
Ceramic thin film thermocouples are being developed to replace noble metal thermocouples operating within the harsh environments of advanced turbine engines used for power generation and propulsion. Seebeck coefficients as large as 158 V/°C were determined for indium oxide (In2O3) at 950°C and 256 V/°C for zinc oxide ZnO at 1250°C relative to platinum reference electrodes. Because these Seebeck coefficients are appreciably larger than those for metallic thermocouples, alloys in the system indium zinc oxide ZnxInyOx+1.5y were investigated by cosputtering from high purity ZnO and In2O3 targets. Thermocouple …
Hydration Repulsion Effects Of The Formation Of Supported Lipid Bylayers, Selver Ahmed, Rajesh Raman Madathingal, Stephanie L. Wunder, Yanjing Chen, Geoffrey D. Bothun
Hydration Repulsion Effects Of The Formation Of Supported Lipid Bylayers, Selver Ahmed, Rajesh Raman Madathingal, Stephanie L. Wunder, Yanjing Chen, Geoffrey D. Bothun
Chemical Engineering Faculty Publications
When zwitterionic lipids fuse onto substrates such as silica (SiO2), the water of hydration between the two approaching surfaces must be removed, giving rise to an effective hydration repulsion. Removal of water around the polar headgroups of the lipid and the silanols (SiOH) of SiO2 allows supported lipid bilayer (SLB) formation, although an interstitial water layer remains between the lipid and surface. The importance of hydration repulsion in SLB formation is demonstrated by monitoring fusion of zwitterionic lipids onto silica (SiO2) nanoparticles heat treated to control the silanol group (SiOH) density and thus the amount of bound …
Autonomous Underwater Vehicles As Tools For Deep-Submergence Archaeology, Christopher N. Roman, Ian Roderick Mather
Autonomous Underwater Vehicles As Tools For Deep-Submergence Archaeology, Christopher N. Roman, Ian Roderick Mather
Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications
Marine archaeology beyond the capabilities of scuba divers is a technologically enabled field. The tool suite includes ship-based systems such as towed side-scan sonars and remotely operated vehicles, and more recently free-swimming autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). Each of these platforms has various imaging and mapping capabilities appropriate for specific scales and tasks. Broadly speaking, AUVs are becoming effective tools for locating, identifying, and surveying archaeological sites. This paper discusses the role of AUVs in this suite of tools, outlines some specific design criteria necessary to maximize their utility in the field, and presents directions for future developments. Results are presented …
Application Of Structured Light Imaging For High Resolution Mapping Of Underwater Archaeological Sites, Chris Roman, Gabrielle Inglis, James Rutter
Application Of Structured Light Imaging For High Resolution Mapping Of Underwater Archaeological Sites, Chris Roman, Gabrielle Inglis, James Rutter
Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications
This paper presents results from recent work using structured light laser profile imaging to create high resolution bathymetric maps of underwater archaeological sites. Documenting the texture and structure of submerged sites is a difficult task and many applicable acoustic and photographic mapping techniques have recently emerged. This effort was completed to evaluate laser profile imaging in comparison to stereo imaging and high frequency multibeam mapping. A ROV mounted camera and inclined 532 nm sheet laser were used to create profiles of the bottom that were then merged into maps using platform navigation data. These initial results show very promising resolution …
Rotational Relaxation Times Of Individual Compounds With Simulations Of Molecular Asphalt Models, Liqun Zhang, Michael L. Greenfield
Rotational Relaxation Times Of Individual Compounds With Simulations Of Molecular Asphalt Models, Liqun Zhang, Michael L. Greenfield
Chemical Engineering Faculty Publications
The dynamical properties of a complex system incorporate contributions from the diverse components from which it is constituted. To study this relationship in a multicomponent system, relaxation times based on rotation autocorrelation functions in molecular dynamics simulations were analyzed for molecules in two sets of unmodified and polymer-modified model asphalt/bitumen systems over 298–473 K. The model asphalt systems were proposed previously to approximate the chemical and mechanical properties of real asphalts. Relaxations were modeled using a modified Kaulrausch–Williams–Watts function and were based on the third Legendre polynomial of normal vector time correlation functions for aromatic species asphaltene, polar aromatic, naphthene …
A Multiscale Gibbs-Helmholtz Constrained Cubic Equation Of State, Angelo Lucia
A Multiscale Gibbs-Helmholtz Constrained Cubic Equation Of State, Angelo Lucia
Chemical Engineering Faculty Publications
This paper presents a radically new approach to cubic equations of state (EOS) in which the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation is used to constrain the attraction or energy parameter, a. The resulting expressions for a(T, p) for pure components and a(T, p, x) for mixtures contain internal energy departure functions and completely avoid the need to use empirical expressions like the Soave alpha function. Our approach also provides a novel and thermodynamically rigorous mixing rule for a(T, p, x).When the internal energy departure function is computed using Monte …
Terrain Constrained Stereo Correspondence, Gabrielle Inglis, Chris Roman
Terrain Constrained Stereo Correspondence, Gabrielle Inglis, Chris Roman
Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications
There is a persistent need in the oceanographic community for accurate three dimensional reconstructions of seafloor structures. To meet this need underwater mapping techniques have expanded to include the use of stereo vision and high frequency multibeam sonar for mapping scenes 10's to 100's of square meters in size. Both techniques have relative advantages and disadvantages that depend on the task at hand and the desired accuracy. In this paper, we develop a method to constrain the often problematic stereo correspondence search to small sections of the image that correspond to estimated ranges along the epipolar lines calculated from coregistered …
Development Of A New Lagrangian Float For Studying Coastal Marine Ecosystems, Alex Schwithal, Chris Roman
Development Of A New Lagrangian Float For Studying Coastal Marine Ecosystems, Alex Schwithal, Chris Roman
Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications
This paper presents an overview and initial testing results for a shallow water Lagrangian float designed to operate in coastal settings. The presented effort addresses the two main characteristics of the shallow coastal environment that preclude the direct of use of many successfully deep water floats, namely the higher variation of water densities near the coast compared with the open ocean and the highly varied bathymetry. Our idea is to develop a high capacity dynamic auto-ballasting system that is able to compensate for the expected seawater density variation over a broad range of water temperatures and salinities while using measurements …
Assessing The Feasibility Of Wind Power Production For The University Of Rhode Island’S Bay Campus, Kenneth A. Critz
Assessing The Feasibility Of Wind Power Production For The University Of Rhode Island’S Bay Campus, Kenneth A. Critz
Senior Honors Projects
Governor Carcieri and the Rhode Island Office of Energy Resources (OER) set a goal for Rhode Island to be powered by 15% renewable energy resources. It was determined that wind power was the only utility scale means of renewable energy production abundant enough to satisfy this initiative. In January of 2006 the RI WINDS program was established and Applied Technology Management (ATM) was contracted to perform a preliminary assessment of potential areas, including RI coastal waters, where wind power could be developed. This assessment indicated that “there are significant wind resources in the State of Rhode Island both onshore and …
Deep Sea Underwater Robotic Exploration In The Ice-Covered Arctic Ocean With Auvs, Clayton Kunz, Chris Murphy, Richard Camilli, Hanumant Singh, John Bailey, Ryan M. Eustice, Chris Roman, Michael Jakuba, Claire Willis, Taichi Sato, Ko-Ichi Nakamura, Robert A. Sohn
Deep Sea Underwater Robotic Exploration In The Ice-Covered Arctic Ocean With Auvs, Clayton Kunz, Chris Murphy, Richard Camilli, Hanumant Singh, John Bailey, Ryan M. Eustice, Chris Roman, Michael Jakuba, Claire Willis, Taichi Sato, Ko-Ichi Nakamura, Robert A. Sohn
Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications
The Arctic seafloor remains one of the last unexplored areas on Earth. Exploration of this unique environment using standard remotely operated oceanographic tools has been obstructed by the dense Arctic ice cover. In the summer of 2007 the Arctic Gakkel Vents Expedition (AGAVE) was conducted with the express intention of understanding aspects of the marine biology, chemistry and geology associated with hydrothermal venting on the section of the mid-ocean ridge known as the Gakkel Ridge. Unlike previous research expeditions to the Arctic the focus was on high resolution imaging and sampling of the deep seafloor. To accomplish our goals we …
Byzantium Beneath The Black Sea, Bridget Buxton, Robert Ballard, Michael Brennan, Dwight Coleman, Katy Croff, Christopher Roman, Dan Davis, Dennis Piechota, Sergiy Voronov
Byzantium Beneath The Black Sea, Bridget Buxton, Robert Ballard, Michael Brennan, Dwight Coleman, Katy Croff, Christopher Roman, Dan Davis, Dennis Piechota, Sergiy Voronov
Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications
This poster reports on the August 2007 Black Sea Expedition of the Institute for Archaeological Oceanography at the University of Rhode Island (IAO) and the Institute for Exploration (IFE), in collaboration with the Department of the Underwater Heritage of Ukraine. This year’s work marks a new phase in a multi-year (2000–2012) archaeological and oceanographic survey of the Black Sea. 2007 fieldwork focuses on two Byzantine shipwrecks. The 10th century C.E. shipwreck Chersonesos A (discovered in 2006) lies at 140 m depth in the suboxic zone off the Crimean peninsula. The ship carried a cargo of one-handled jars of a widely …
Relaxation Time, Diffusion, And Viscosity Analysis Of Model Asphalt Systems Using Molecular Simulation, Liqun Zhang, Michael L. Greenfield
Relaxation Time, Diffusion, And Viscosity Analysis Of Model Asphalt Systems Using Molecular Simulation, Liqun Zhang, Michael L. Greenfield
Chemical Engineering Faculty Publications
Molecular dynamics simulation was used to calculate rotational relaxation time, diffusion coefficient, and zero-shear viscosity for a pure aromatic compound naphthalene and for aromatic and aliphatic components in model asphalt systems over a temperature range of 298–443 K. The model asphalt systems were chosen previously to represent real asphalt. Green–Kubo and Einstein methods were used to estimate viscosity at high temperature 443.15 K. Rotational relaxation times were calculated by nonlinear regression of orientation correlation functions to a modified Kohlrausch–Williams–Watts function. The Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann equation was used to analyze the temperature dependences of relaxation time, viscosity, and diffusion coefficient. The temperature dependences …
Mesophase Separation And Probe Dynamics In Protein-Polyelectrolyte Coacervates, A. Basak Kayitmazer, Himadri B. Bohidar, Kevin W. Mattison, Arijit Bose, Jayashri Sarkar, Akihito Hashidzume, Paul S. Russo, Werner Jaeger, Paul L. Dubin
Mesophase Separation And Probe Dynamics In Protein-Polyelectrolyte Coacervates, A. Basak Kayitmazer, Himadri B. Bohidar, Kevin W. Mattison, Arijit Bose, Jayashri Sarkar, Akihito Hashidzume, Paul S. Russo, Werner Jaeger, Paul L. Dubin
Chemical Engineering Faculty Publications
Protein–polyelectrolyte coacervates are self-assembling macroscopically monophasic biomacromolecular fluids whose unique properties arise from transient heterogeneities. The structures of coacervates formed at different conditions of pH and ionic strength from poly(dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) and bovine serum albumin (BSA), were probed using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching. Measurements of self-diffusion in coacervates were carried out using fluorescein-tagged BSA, and similarly tagged Ficoll, a non-interacting branched polysaccharide with the same size as BSA. The results are best explained by temporal and spatial heterogeneities, also inferred from static light scattering and cryo-TEM, which indicate heterogeneous scattering centers of several hundred nm. Taken together with previous dynamic …
Transition From Unilamellar To Bilameller Vesicles Induced By An Amphiphilic Biopolymer, Jae-Ho Lee, Vivek Argarwal, Arijit Bose, Gregory F. Payne, Srinivasa R. Raghavan
Transition From Unilamellar To Bilameller Vesicles Induced By An Amphiphilic Biopolymer, Jae-Ho Lee, Vivek Argarwal, Arijit Bose, Gregory F. Payne, Srinivasa R. Raghavan
Chemical Engineering Faculty Publications
We report some unusual structural transitions upon the addition of an amphiphilic biopolymer to unilamellar surfactant vesicles. The polymer is a hydrophobically modified chitosan and it embeds its hydrophobes in vesicle bilayers. We study vesicle-polymer mixtures using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and cryotransmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). When low amounts of the polymer are added to unilamellar vesicles of ca. 120 nm diameter, the vesicle size decreases by about 50%. Upon further addition of polymer, lamellar peaks are observed in the SANS spectra at high scattering vectors. We show that these spectra correspond to a co-existence of unilamellar and bilamellar vesicles. …
A Simple Extrusion Method For The Synthesis Of Aligned Silica Nanowires Using The Template Of A Rigid Surface Mesophase, Limin Liu, Grace Tan, Vivek Agarwal, Arijit Bose, Jibao He, Gary L. Mcpherson, Vijay T. John
A Simple Extrusion Method For The Synthesis Of Aligned Silica Nanowires Using The Template Of A Rigid Surface Mesophase, Limin Liu, Grace Tan, Vivek Agarwal, Arijit Bose, Jibao He, Gary L. Mcpherson, Vijay T. John
Chemical Engineering Faculty Publications
Long range alignment of silica nanowires has been accomplished by extrusion of a novel surfactant mesophase prior to silica synthesis.
Piezoresistive Properties Of Ito Strain Sensors Prepared With Controlled Nanoporosity, Otto J. Gregory, Tao You
Piezoresistive Properties Of Ito Strain Sensors Prepared With Controlled Nanoporosity, Otto J. Gregory, Tao You
Chemical Engineering Faculty Publications
A ceramic strain gage based on reactively sputtered indium-tinoxide (ITO) thin films is being developed to monitor the structural integrity of components employed in aerospace propulsion systems operating at temperatures in excess of 1500°C. The hightemperature stability and piezoresistive properties depend to a large extent on the thickness of the active ITO strain elements comprising these ceramic strain gages. Scanning electron microscopy of the thick ITO sensors revealed a partially sintered microstructure consisting of a contiguous network of submicrometer ITO particles with well-defined necks and isolated nanoporosity. It appeared that densification of the ITO particles was retarded during high-temperature exposure …
Numerical Investigation Of Boundary Conditions For Moving Contact Line Problems, Sandesh Somalinga, Arijit Bose
Numerical Investigation Of Boundary Conditions For Moving Contact Line Problems, Sandesh Somalinga, Arijit Bose
Chemical Engineering Faculty Publications
When boundary conditions arising from the usual hydrodynamic assumptions are applied, analyses of dynamic wetting processes lead to a well-known nonintegrable stress singularity at the dynamic contact line, necessitating new ways to model this problem. In this paper, numerical simulations for a set of representative problems are used to explore the possibility of providing material boundary conditions for predictive models of inertialess moving contact line processes. The calculations reveal that up to Capillary number Ca=0.15, the velocity along an arc of radius 10Li (Li is an inner, microscopic length scale! from the dynamic contact line is independent of …