Engineering Commons^™

Immobilization Of Heavy Metal In Contaminated Mine Technosols Using Biochar: A Phytomanagement Strategy, Domenico Morabito, Manhattan Lebrun, Romain Nandillon, Florie Miard, Nour Hattab Hambli, Simon Chevolleau, Melissa Simiele, Sylvain Bourgerie

Bio-Char II: Production, Characterization and Applications

Soil contamination by metal(loid)s is one of the most important environmental problem. It leads to loss

of environment biodiversity and soil functions and can have harmful effects on human health. Therefore,

contaminated soils could be remediated, using phytomanagement. Indeed, plant growth will improve soil

conditions while accumulating metal(loid)s and modifying their mobility. However, due to the poor

fertility and high metal(loid)s levels of these soils, amendments, like biochar, has to be applied.

Phytomanagement is a technique for rehabilitating these soils and reducing the spread of pollutants. To this end, it is advisable to stabilize the mobility of pollutants in the …

Adsorption Of Pb2+ On Magnetic Modified Hemp Biochar Prepared Using Microwave-Assisted Pyrolysis, Muhammad T. Afzal, Patrick Godwin, Huining Xiao

Bio-Char II: Production, Characterization and Applications

Magnetic modified hemp biochar with an aim of high adsorption capacity and rapid adsorption rate was prepared by two simple steps using microwave pyrolyzed biochar. This was investigated as a potential green adsorbent for lead remediation from wastewater in a batch-mode experiment. The 150 – 300 µm biochar particles obtained from microwave-assisted pyrolysis of 1.5 kg hemp biomass batch at an average temperature of 600˚C were first impregnated with H₂O₂ and then magnetized by mixing aqueous biochar suspensions with aqueous Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ solutions. The composition, morphology and surface chemistries of this magnetic biochar was examined …

Biochar Based Silicon Composites For Sensors Applications, Mauro Giorcelli, Mattia Bartoli, Alberto Tagliaferro, Carlo Rosso

Bio-Char II: Production, Characterization and Applications

Nowadays, the development of innovative sensors represents a field of great interest in the scientific community because of their ever increasing application in everyday life. Piezoresistive transducers are among the most interesting not only as sensors but also as actuators. They are of interest for a number of applicative fields ranging from pressure sensors to applications in nanomanipulation.

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The Role Of Feedstock For Biochar And Energy In Reducing The Carbon Footprint Of Bioenergy Projects — A Case Study In North Europe, Lydia Fryda, Rian Visser

Bio-Char II: Production, Characterization and Applications

The study evaluates the GHG emissions of biochar & bioenergy production in a low temperature gasifier based on various feedstocks. A LCA approach is used to assess the environmental impact of the production and use of biochar for selected applications including the whole feedstock supply chain. Three kinds of feedstock were evaluated, namely (1) agro-residues and municipal forest residues (2) clean wood from sustainable forestry (e.g. pine) and (3) fast growing energy crops (short rotation coppice) Miscanthus and/or willow.

The scenarios considered are:

(1) Co-production of bioenergy (syngas) and biochar in a low temperature gasification unit, feedstock used agro-residues and …

Characteristic Studies On The Biochars Produced By Hydro-Thermal And Steam Gasification Of Canola Hull And Canola Meal Fuel Pellets, Franco Berruti, Sonil Nanda, Ajay K. Dalai, Janusz A. Kozinski

Bio-Char II: Production, Characterization and Applications

Biochars, based on their production process and biomass precursor, can have a broad range of structural, compositional, chemical, and physical properties. These properties are important for identifying the biochar performance and stability in further applications. Non-food biomass has a great potential to produce biochars. Two inherent agricultural biomasses from Canadian prairies including canola hull and canola meal were used for the production of fuel pellets. This study provides information on the specific features of biochars produced by steam and hydro-thermal gasification of these fuel pellets compared with those of well-known pyrolysis biochars. For steam gasification, the steam to biomass ratio …

Activation Of Biochar From Olive Residues: A Predictive Model For Yield And Surface Area, Franco Berruti, Anastasia Colomba, Cedric Briens

Bio-Char II: Production, Characterization and Applications

A great amount of work in the literature is dedicated to the kinetic modelling of gasification reactions, while a limited number of authors have paid attention to the evolution of physical parameters, which are very important in the case in which the reaction is applied to the production of activated carbons. The Volume reaction model (VRM) [1], the Shrinking core model (SCM) [2], and the Random pore model (RPM) [3] are unable to provide a relationship between kinetics and the physical properties of the activated carbon and, particularly, between yield and surface area.

Please click Additional Files below to see …

Nanoindentation Characterization Of Microwave-Pyrolysis Biochar, Muhammad T. Afzal, Chase Wallace, Gobinda Saha

Bio-Char II: Production, Characterization and Applications

This study investigates the nanoindentation hardness and Young’s modulus of microwave pyrolysis biochar developed from hemp and softwood feedstocks. Recent studies have produced encouraging results on the potential for biochar as a reinforcing filler in composite materials, owing to the high porosity and hardness of the carbonous material. In order to further the understanding of the effect of biochar as an additive, and to develop predictive models for the composites, mechanical properties of the chars are needed.

The biochar was synthesized from both hemp and softwood feedstocks, in-house through a microwave-pyrolysis process at 2700 watts, for one hour, with heating …

Effect Of Pyrolysis Conditions On Sewage Sludge Derived Biochars For High Value Composites Applications, Paola Giudicianni, Maurizio Troiano, Roberto Solimene, Raffaele Ragucci, Mauro Giorcelli, Alberto Tagliaferro, Mattia Bartoli

Bio-Char II: Production, Characterization and Applications

The economy of the whole wastewater treatment system is significantly burdened by the increasing amounts of sewage sludge due to the progressive implementation of the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive 91/271/EEC and by the complexity of the treatments required for guaranteeing a safe handling and a proper end-of-life of the sludge. For this reason, thermal treatments of sewage sludge have been studied in the past for their efficient valorization in terms of energy and/or matter recovery. Among them, pyrolysis represents a viable route aiming at the recycling of resources without production of harmful substances to the humans or the environment. …

Biochar Production Though Combined Solar Drying & Single Chamber Pyrolysis, Dirk Weichgrebe, Moni M Mondal, Rahul Ramesh Nair

Bio-Char II: Production, Characterization and Applications

In this study, the challenging management of fibrous organic wastes (FOW) and dewatered municipal sewage sludge (MSS) in urban areas of Asia’s newly industrialised countries is presented with high energy efficiency, negative CO₂ balance and biochar generation. This study investigates the feasibility and benefits of a combined treatment approach for both of the substrates, comprising solar drying (SD) and pyrolysis process (PYR). Based on material investigations, a calculation model is developed to project the material and energy flows of this process combination on the example of Chennai, India.

Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstract.

Influence Of Heating Rate On The Solid Yield Of Biomass Pyrolysis, Markus Lang, Kathrin Weber, Peter Quicker

Bio-Char II: Production, Characterization and Applications

The use of biochar has become increasingly popular over the last decade. The possible applications are vast and range from renewable carbon carrier in industrial and energetic applications to soil amendment and fodder additive. The various applications have different demands on the properties of biochar. These can be influenced by the choice of feedstock, reactor and production conditions. Regardless of production process and application however, achieving a high yield of the solid product is desirable from an economic point of view. The higher the treatment temperature, the more material is devolatilized and the lower is the amount of biochar that …

Influence Of Feedstock And Operational Conditions On Bio-Chars Derived From The Pyrolysis Of Selected Biomasses, David Chiaramonti, David Casini, Giovanni Ferraro, Emiliano Fratini, Giuditta Pecori, Andrea Maria Rizzo, Luca Rosi

Bio-Char II: Production, Characterization and Applications

The proprieties of bio-char, the solid product from biomass pyrolysis, depends on both the feedstock and process conditions during thermochemical conversion^[1]. As regards the interaction of the char with soil (i.e. as soil amendment), surface areas, size and shape of pores are among the most important factors to be considered.

^[1] P. R. Bonelli , G. Nunell , M. E. Fernández , E. L. Buonomo & A. L. Cukierman

(2012) The Potential Applications of the Bio-char Derived from the Pyrolysis of an Agro-industrial

Waste. Effects of Temperature and Acid-pretreatment, Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery,

Utilization, and Environmental Effects, …

Anaerobic Digestion Of The Aqueous Pyrolysis Condensate, Franco Berruti, Cesar Miguel Moreira Valenzuela, Lars Rehmann, Connie Wen

Pyroliq 2019: Pyrolysis and Liquefaction of Biomass and Wastes

Fractional condensation of biomass pyrolysis vapors allows the segregation of different pyrolysis fractions and a separation of an aqueous pyrolysis condensate from an organic rich dry bio-oil fraction. Aqueous pyrolysis condensate is often referred at as “wood vinegar” or “pyroligneous acid” since it contains 70-80% water together with 10-20% acetic acid, and smaller quantities of acetone and methanol mixed with hundreds of other chemicals in small concentrations. Such aqueous pyrolysis condensate cannot be easily disposed of, and it may represent a valuable resource. For example, the significant percentage of acetic acid offers the opportunity to attempt its conversion into methane …

Pyrolysis Of Polyethylene-Lined Waste Paper Cups, Franco Berruti, Connie Wen, Lars Rehmann, Cesar Miguel Moreira Valenzuela

Pyroliq 2019: Pyrolysis and Liquefaction of Biomass and Wastes

Fractional condensation of biomass pyrolysis vapors allows the segregation of different pyrolysis fractions and a separation of an aqueous pyrolysis condensate from an organic rich dry bio-oil fraction. Aqueous pyrolysis condensate is often referred at as “wood vinegar” or “pyroligneous acid” since it contains 70-80% water together with 10-20% acetic acid, and smaller quantities of acetone and methanol mixed with hundreds of other chemicals in small concentrations. Such aqueous pyrolysis condensate cannot be easily disposed of, and it may represent a valuable resource. For example, the significant percentage of acetic acid offers the opportunity to attempt its conversion into methane …