Engineering Commons^™

Potable Water Leakage Prediction And Detection Using Geospatial Analysis, Jacob Tittle

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Due to increasing water treatment costs and conservation needs, traditional water loss analysis and acoustic leak detection methods are becoming heavily scrutinized by water utilities. This study explores water loss in Johnson City, Tennessee and how geospatial data analysis techniques improve water loss mitigation. This project uses sample water system pressure data and ordinary kriging spatial interpolation methods to identify leakage areas for further investigation. Analysis of existing geographic information system (GIS) water utility datasets with interpolated hydraulic grade values at sample water pressure points produce manageable survey areas that pinpoint areas with possible water leakage. Field detection methods, including …

Surface Modification Of Pvdf Membranes For Treating Produced Waters By Direct Contact Membrane Distillation, Zahra Anari

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Direct contact membrane distillation is a promising unit operation for treating hydraulic fracturing flow back and produced water. However, while a hydrophobic membrane is essential to prevent the passage of water from the feed to the permeate side, fouling by dissolved organic species can compromise membrane performance and result in wetting of the membrane pores. Here four monomers, hydroxyethylmethacrylate, acrylic acid, 1-vinyl-3-allylimidazolium bromide, and 1-vinyl-3-hexylimidazolium bromide have been grafted from the surface of a PVDF membrane. The modified and base membranes were tested in a direct contact membrane distillation system. All membranes were challenged with real produced water. In addition, …

A Comparison Of The Army Corps Of Engineers Hydrologic Modeling System And Autodesk Storm And Sanitary Analysis For Hydraulic And Hydrologic Analysis And Design, Foster Josef Heifetz Campbell

Master's Theses

Hydrological and hydraulic effects of urban development is one of the key issues of study for improved water management. The addition of impervious surfaces to once pervious land and re-routing open channels and flow paths can cause flooding or declining water levels within a watershed. Many studies of these issues have found that there can be multiple factors causing hydrological and hydraulic impacts, and it can be hard to analyze and develop effective solutions without appropriate drainage software packages. However, there are multiple software packages available for use, and determining the correct one to use for a specific challenge can …

A Comparison Of Water Main Failure Prediction Models In San Luis Obispo, Ca, Kyle Eric Aube

Master's Theses

This study compared four different water main failure prediction models: a statistically simple model, a statistically complex model, a statistically complex model with modifications termed the 2019 model, and an age-based model. The statistically complex models compute the probability of failure based on age, size, internal pressure, length of pipe in corrosive soil, land use, and material of the. These two values are then used to prioritize a water main rehabilitation program to effectively use the municipality’s funds. The 2019 model calculates the probability of failure and consequence of failure differently than the statistically complex model by considering corrosive soil …

Future Changes Of Hydroclimatic Extremes In Western North America Using A Large Ensemble: The Role Of Internal Variability, Mohammad Hasan Mahmoudi

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Increases in the intensity and frequency of extreme events in Western North America (WNA) can cause significant socioeconomic problems and threaten existing infrastructure. In this study we analyze the impacts of climate change on hydroclimatic extremes and assess the role of internal variability over WNA, which collectively drain an area of about 1 million km². We used gridded observations and downscaled precipitation, maximum and minimum temperature from seven General Circulation Models (GCMs) that participated in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) and a large ensemble of CanESM2 model simulations (CanESM2-LE; 50 members) for this analysis. Spatial …

Identification And Reduction Of Uncertainties In Watershed-Scale Flow And Water Quality Modeling, Maryam Roostaee

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This study identified important uncertainties affecting watershed-scale flow and water quality simulations and recommended modeling options for reducing the uncertainties by means of the Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN (HSPF) model. Specifically, parameter-induced uncertainties in HSPF model were estimated along with uncertainties associated with DEM resolutions and sources. National Elevation Dataset (NED) DEMs with original and resampled resolutions of 3.5, 10, 30 and 100m were utilized for manual and automatic delineation of three watersheds with different gradients in HSPF model to identify the effects of DEM resolution, DEM resampling, delineation method and watershed gradient on the simulation of streamflow, nitrate (NO_{3 …}

Modeling Of Fluid Injection For Hydraulic Fracturing Initiation In Porous Rock Formations, Krishna Adhikari

LSU Master's Theses

Hydraulic fracturing has been widely opted in recent times to simulate the unconventional reservoirs and thus, has become key a subject of interest in petroleum engineering. The stress concentration around the borehole affects the breakdown pressure and fracture reopening pressure during the hydraulic fracturing treatments. Thus, the state of stress around borehole wall and its surrounding rocks due to instantaneous drilling and a fluid injection at borehole surface needs to be determined accurately to initiate the hydraulic fractures. This research intends to derive the analytical stress solution of inclined borehole subjected to time-dependent fluid injection and in-situ stress, verify the …

Coastal Louisiana Landscape And Hurricane Storm Surge Evolution 1850 - 2110, Christopher George Siverd

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The hurricane storm surge analysis presented in this dissertation examines surge response to changes in the Louisiana coastal landscape and Gulf of Mexico water level from 1850 to 2110. Land to water (L:W) isopleths, lines depicting areas of constant land to water ratio along the modern Louisiana coast, are utilized in the development of a simplified storm surge model that closely reproduces the surge output of a state-of-the-art detailed model. Eleven comparable storm surge models are constructed with each featuring a representation of the Louisiana coastal landscape circa 1850, 1890, 1930, 1970, 1990, 2010, 2030, 2050, 2070, 2090 and 2110. …

Quantitative Evaluation Of A Lightweight Sediment For A Physical Model Of The Lower Mississippi River, Mauricio Hooper

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The Lower Mississippi River Physical Model (LMRPM), housed at the LSU Center for River Studies on the Baton Rouge, LA Water Campus, is a distorted, movable bed model comprising the lower 195 miles of the Mississippi River from Donaldsonville through the Head of Passes into the Gulf of Mexico. Since the LMRPM was designed to replicate the hydraulics (i.e., flow and river stages) and bulk non-cohesive sediment transport, the model lightweight sediment must replicate both the incipient motion and two-dimensional dune characteristics (height and length). In addition, the model scale and distortion require that the sediment time scale be determined …

Diagnóstico De La Infraestructura De Los Sistemas De Abastecimiento De Agua Potable En Zonas Rurales De Cinco Municipios Del Departamento De Cundinamarca, Julio César Torres Morales

Ingeniería Civil

Colombia es un país que se encuentra en vía de desarrollo, está compuesto por 32 departamentos con una gran variedad de zonas y con distintos relieves tales como: valles, llanura y dos sistemas montañosos, la infraestructura para el abastecimiento de agua y manejo de aguas residuales son parte importante en el desarrollo. El objetivo principal de este trabajo de grado es obtener un diagnóstico que permita identificar las condiciones de abastecimiento de agua en las zonas rurales del departamento de Cundinamarca en Colombia. Para lograr lo anterior se medirá, evaluará y caracterizará: la forma mediante las que se abastecen de …

Resistencia Relativa A La Erosión Fluvial De Los Suelos Que Conforman La Ribera Del Río Cravo Sur Tramo: Casco Urbano Yopal, Casanare, Francisco Alberto Sandoval Olaya, Juan Pablo Cruz Rojas

Ingeniería Civil

No abstract provided.

Mitigación De Procesos Erosivos En Cuerpos Fluviales Estudio De Caso Río Guaviare Corregimiento Amanaven Vichada Acompañamiento Y Recolección De Información, Andrés Felipe Fonnegra Rodríguez

Ingeniería Civil

La experiencia adquirida gracias a la oportunidad de participar, en el acompañamiento del Contrato de consultoría 061-2017 que se celebra entre la empresa el Instituto de Planificación y Promoción de Soluciones Energéticas para las zonas no interconectadas –IPSE y la Universidad De La Salle, para obtener un diagnóstico del estado actual de la infraestructura que fue construida con ocasión de la ejecución de los contratos interadministrativos 061-2011 y 045-2012. El trabajar en conjunto con los ingenieros de la Universidad de la Salle que han sido nuestros docentes en las aulas de clase y ahora en un proyecto de tal magnitud, …

Implications Of Groundwater Plume Transport And Analysis Of Karst Aquifer Characteristics In Central Florida, Daljit Sandhu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Groundwater aquifers make up the primary source of drinking water in Florida. It is imperative to protect and maintain water quality to ensure optimal drinking water conditions. Florida is known for being prone to sinkholes due to karst features. One sinkhole event occurred beneath a phosphogypsum stack, and leaked a large amount of radioactive waste in the Floridan aquifer, raising water quality concerns. To study the behavior of contaminant transport, the radioactive waste plume was modeled by coupling hydraulic and chemistry concepts. Adsorption was studied to see if it can serve as a potential remediation solution to the contaminant waste, …

Review Of Water Allocation Models For West Virginia, Madison Lee Alexis Thompson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

Modeling river basins started gaining in popularity and usage in the western part of the United States in large part due to its extreme droughts. Planning is necessary to sustain the population, industries, and recreational water use year-round. Water allocation modeling is a tool used to aid in the issues that come from managing water resources. This work considers the continuous models that synthesized the hydrologic processes that occur and provides a simulation of past, current, or future conditions.

West Virginia, located on the eastern side of the United States, does not have an extreme drought problem as seen in …

Developing A Calibrated Seepage Meter To Measure Stream-Aquifer Interaction In The Mississippi Delta, Wesley J. Bolton

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Mississippi Alluvial Plain (MAP) is a premier region for irrigated agriculture in the United States producing approximately 9 billion dollars in annual revenues. The region receives around 138 cm of precipitation annually; however irrigation is necessary to maximize crop yields as most of the precipitation does not occur during the growing season. There are 8 million irrigated acres within the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. The source of most of the irrigated water is the surficial aquifer in the Mississippi Embayment the Mississippi River Valley Alluvial Aquifer (MRVAA) and due to the reliance on irrigation for maximum crop yields recent potentiometric …

Pathway Connectivity In An Epigenetic Fluviokarst System: Insight From A Numerical Modelling Study In Kentucky Usa, Ethan Adams

Theses and Dissertations--Civil Engineering

Fluviokarst landscapes are dominated by both fluvial and karst features. Interpreting hydrologic pathways of fluviokarst can be confounded by the unknown connectivity of the various flow regimes. A combined discrete-continuum (CDC) hybrid numeric model for simulating the surface and subsurface hydrology and hydraulics in fluviokarst basins was formulated to investigate fluviokarst pathways. This model was applied to the Cane Run Royal Springs basin in Kentucky USA. A priori constraints on parameterization were avoided via multi-stage optimization utilizing Sobol sequencing and high performance computing. Modelling results provide evidence of hydrologic pathways dominated by fracture flow, epikarst transfer and runoff. Fractures in …

Flood Inundation Mapping For Huron Creek, Houghton County, Michigan, Sarah Washko

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The 2018 Father’s Day Flood rattled the Houghton County, MI community. Thousands of dollars in damage to public and private property were incurred due to slope failure, scour and stagnant water. Though the flood was billed as a once-in-a-lifetime event, hazard mitigation planning has become essential, as extreme weather events are expected to become more frequent with a changing climate. While Federal Emergency Management Agency funding will provide detailed flood hazard maps in the future, mapping is expected to be several years out. To aid the City of Houghton community with immediate flood hazard mitigation planning, a hydraulic-based flood depth …

Technology For Integrated Groyne-Vetiver Erosion Reduction (Tiger): Case Study In A West African River, Chase M. West

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

River erosion is a problem all over the world. The effects of river erosion are especially hard for farmers in developing countries, where the river is an important part of their farming practices and daily lives. A case study was done in the small village of Fode Binea in Senegal, West Africa to reduce this stream erosion. A new hybrid approach, Technology for Integrated Groyne-Vetiver Erosion Reduction (TIGER) method, was developed. The method includes combining groynes at the toe of the riverbank to reduce toe erosion in the channel and planting a buffer strip with vetiver grass to reduce erosion …

Impacts And Adaptive Measures For Groundwater Use In The Mekong Delta. Case Study : Tra Vinh Province, Tuan Pham Van

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Because of the rapid growth of population and fast economic development in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD), the surface water resources are unable to meet these demands and groundwater is also over-abstracted. Groundwater depletion and saline water intrusion become the main problems that threaten drinking water supplies, farming systems, and livelihoods in the delta, especially coastal areas. It is necessary to provide a fully comprehensive picture of groundwater use (GWU) and its impact issues In Tra Vinh Province, a coastal province of VMD, dependency on GW increases from north to south which has a strong relation with availability of freshwater …

Evaluating The Effects Of Water Influx On The Mississippi Sound: Current Vs. Historical Relationships, Jarett Lee Bell

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research investigated the influence of the opening of the Bonnet Carre Spillway and other fresh water inputs on the Mississippi Sound. The Bonnet Carre Spillway was completed in 1931 and was constructed to protect New Orleans whenever the Mississippi River is at flood stage. The spillway drains into Lake Pontchartrain a brackish-water lagoon north of New Orleans which then drains into Lake Borgne and subsequently into the Mississippi Sound. The inflow of water from the spillway changes the water chemistry of all receiving water bodies and impacts the waters of the Mississippi Gulf Coast. We collected in-situ temperature specific …

Surface Water-Groundwater Interaction Processes For Groundwater Pumping Management In Saigon River Basin, Long Thanh Tran

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Since the 1990s, the excessive extraction of groundwater of Saigon River basin is dramatically increased and groundwater resources of Saigon River basin have been facing dramatically drawdown groundwater level in the downstream area. The study attempted to develop groundwater modeling through employing SW-GW interaction parameters and incorporate the concept of sustainable pumping yield to detect optimal pumping management under growing water demand in Saigon River Basin. According to field observed soil moisture, the study recognized the average monthly percolation rate of sand clay loam, sand clay, and clay varies 2-4.5 mm/day, 1.5-3.5 mm/day, and 0.5-2 mm/day, respectively to rainfall intensity …

Biomass Density Based Adjustment Of Lidar-Derived Digital Elevation Models: A Machine Learning Approach, Khalid Abdelwahab

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Salt marshes are valued for providing protective and non-protective ecosystem services. Accurate digital elevation models (DEMs) in salt marshes are crucial for modeling storm surges and determining the initial DEM elevations for modelling marsh evolution. Due to high biomass density, lidar DEMs in coastal wetlands are seldom reliable. In an aim to reduce lidar-derived DEM error, several multilinear regression and random forest models were developed and tested to estimate biomass density in the salt marshes near Saint Marks Lighthouse in Crawfordville, Florida. Between summer of 2017 and spring of 2018, two field trips were conducted to acquire true elevation and …

Shear Stress Estimates In The Approach And Bridge Section By Using Various Formula, Jun Seon Lee

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

Shear stress is the resistance force on top of the contact surface caused by moving flow and is one of the important variable in fluid mechanics. Thus, a lot of researches have been conducted to predict accurate value of shear stress. However, calculating shear stress with existing equations has several limitations because only gradually varied flow and/or uniform flow was considered in their studies. Therefore, direct applying those methods into complex flow type, such as around a bridge, to predict shear stress is questionable.

Thus, laboratory experiments were carried out in a laboratory flume to attack the objective of this …

Simulating Hydraulic Interdependence Between Bridges Along A River Corridor Under Transient Flood Conditions, Matthew Everett Trueheart

Graduate College Dissertations and Theses

The interactions between rivers, surrounding hydrogeological features, and hydraulic structures such as bridges are not well-established or understood at the network scale, especially under transient conditions. The cascading hydraulic effects of local perturbations up- and downstream of the site of perturbation may have significant, unexpected, and far-reaching consequences, and therefore often cause concern among stakeholders. The up- and downstream hydraulic impacts of a single structural modification may extend much farther than anticipated, especially in extreme events. This work presents a framework and methodology to perform an analysis of interdependent bridge-stream interactions along a river corridor. Such analysis may help prioritize …

Hydroclimate Drivers And Atmospheric Dynamics Of Floods, Nasser Najibi

Dissertations and Theses

Our preliminary survey showed that most of the recent flood-related studies did not formally explain the physical mechanisms of long-duration and large-peak flood events that can evoke substantial damages to properties and infrastructure systems. These studies also fell short of fully assessing the interactions of coupled ocean-atmosphere and land dynamics which are capable of forcing substantial changes to the flood attributes by governing the exceeding surface flow regimes and moisture source-sink relationships at the spatiotemporal scales important for risk management. This dissertation advances the understanding of the variability in flood duration, peak, volume, and timing at the regional to the …

Field Testing And Simulation Of Vadose-Zone Recharge Wells In The Mississippi River Valley Alluvial Aquifer As An Artificial Recharge Method, Kyungwon Kwak

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Increasing concerns regarding depletion of groundwater in the Delta region of Mississippi have led to a need to augment natural recharge. Infiltration basins are often one of the simplest means of artificially recharging aquifers. However the Delta has a layer of clay and silt at the surface so it is a better idea to use vadose-zone recharge wells that are not limited by the surficial layer of fine soils. The purpose of this study is to use full-scale field testing to assess the feasibility of using vadose-zone wells for artificial recharge of the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer by using …

Groundwater Transfer And Injection Pilot Project: Construction Of A Three Dimensional Groundwater Flow Model, Wesley Bluvstein

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Mississippi River Valley Alluvial Aquifer has experienced substantial groundwater declines in eastern Arkansas and northwest Mississippi due largely to irrigation for rice corn soybeans and other water intensive crops. To alleviate groundwater decline and ensure future sustainability of water resources the U.S. Department of Agriculture has in conjunction with the U.S. Geological Survey and the University of Mississippi initiated studies to determine potential avenues of remediation. Options include improved irrigation efficiency installation of surface weirs inter-basin transfers and groundwater transfer and injection. This study develops a three-dimensional groundwater flow model of a withdrawal well adjacent to a river for …

Artificial Intelligence In Wet Weather Infrastructure, Matt Hammerstein

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Effective management of runoff from rain and snowmelt is critical as increased water flows can negatively affect efficiency and reliability at treatment facilities, as well as potentially damage property or the natural environment. Implementation of artificial intelligence for real-time decision making and support in wet weather infrastructure is a recent technological development; as such, a problem has emerged: experience and knowledge of best practices for successful implementation is limited. Artificial intelligence is being employed to inform operational decisions that are intended to improve the efficiency and reliability of physical wet weather infrastructure. The goal of municipalities and utilities in utilizing …

การสะท้อนและการส่งผ่านคลื่นของเขื่อนกันคลื่นแบบไม่เต็มส่วน, นันทวุฒิ อินทรียงค์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ปัญหากัดเซาะชายฝั่งในประเทศไทยมีความรุนแรงอย่างมากในปัจจุบัน โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งในบริเวณอ่าวไทยตอนบน ที่ซึ่งมีลักษณะเป็นหาดโคลน มีเพียงโครงสร้างที่สามารถส่งถ่ายน้ำหนักและแรงลงสู่ชั้นดินที่ลึกลงไปเท่านั้นที่สามารถสร้างในพื้นที่โคลนนี้ได้ การใช้โครงสร้างเสาเข็มปักลงในดินและมีชิ้นส่วนลักษณะคล้ายกำแพงในบริเวณผิวน้ำ โดยขอนิยามว่า “เขื่อนกันคลื่นแบบไม่เต็มส่วน” อาจเป็นตัวเลือกที่เหมาะสมในการป้องกันพื้นที่ที่มีลักษณะเป็นฐานรากอ่อน อย่างไรก็ตามประสิทธิภาพการทำงานของเขื่อนกันคลื่นแบบไม่เต็มส่วนยังไม่ได้รับการพิสูจน์ จึงเป็นเหตุให้การศึกษานี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างคุณสมบัติคลื่นและลักษณะทางกายภาพของโครงสร้าง กับความสามารถในการสะท้อนและการส่งผ่านคลื่น แบบจำลองทางกายภาพ 2 มิติถูกพัฒนาในอ่างจำลองคลื่น ภายใต้เงื่อนไขคลื่นสม่ำเสมอที่ถูกสร้างจากเครื่องกำเนิดคลื่นด้วยความชันคลื่น (Hi/L) ในช่วง 0.010 – 0.025 แบบจำลองเขื่อนกันคลื่นถูกสร้างจากเหล็กกล่องด้วยการเปลี่ยนแปลงความลึกการจมจาก 0.075 – 0.300 เมตร และช่องว่างระหว่างเสาเปลี่ยนแปลงจาก 0.5 – 1.5 เมตร ระดับน้ำนิ่งและความหนาของเขื่อนกันคลื่นทีค่าคงที่เท่ากับ 0.45 และ 0.0375 เมตร ตามลำดับ การทดลอง 120 กรณีถูกดำเนินการโดยมีวัดขนาดของความสูงคลื่นด้านหน้าและหลังโครงสร้าง แล้วคำนวณค่าสัมประสิทธิ์การสะท้อนและการส่งผ่านคลื่น จากผลการศึกษาแสดงให้เห็นว่า ค่าสัมประสิทธิ์การสะท้อนและการส่งผ่านคลื่นมีความสัมพันธ์กับความหนาโครงสร้างสัมพัทธ์ (b/L), ความลึกโครงสร้างสัมพัทธ์(D/d), ปัจจัยความไม่เต็มส่วนของเขื่อนกันคลื่น​, ความลึกสัมพัทธ์ (d/L), ความสูงคลื่นสัมพัทธ์ (Hi/d) และความชันคลื่น (Hi/L) ค่าสัมประสิทธิ์การสะท้อนของคลื่นมีค่าลดลงอย่างเอกซ์โพเนนเชียลเมื่อ b/L, d/L, Hi/d หรือ Hi/L เพิ่มขึ้น แต่มีค่าเพิ่มขึ้นเมื่อ D/d เพิ่มขึ้น ทั้งในกรณีที่คลื่นล้นและไม่ล้นข้ามโครงสร้าง อีกทั้งเมื่อคลื่นล้นข้ามโครงสร้างจะทำให้ค่าสัมประสิทธิ์การสะท้อนของคลื่นลดลง สำหรับผลลัพธ์ของการส่งผ่านคลื่นพบว่าการส่งผ่านคลื่นมีแนวโน้มที่ลดลงอย่างเอกซ์โพเนนเชียลเมื่อ b/L, d/L, Hi/d หรือ Hi/L เพิ่มขึ้น แต่มีค่าเพิ่มขึ้นเมื่อปัจจัยความไม่เต็มส่วนของเขื่อนกันคลื่นเพิ่มขึ้น ทั้งในกรณีที่คลื่นล้นและไม่ล้นข้ามโครงสร้าง อีกทั้งค่าสัมประสิทธิ์การส่งผ่านยังเพิ่มขึ้นเมื่อคลื่นสามารถล้นข้ามโครงสร้างได้ นอกจากนี้ยังพบว่าการเปลี่ยนแปลงช่องว่างระหว่างเสาไม่มีความแตกต่างอย่างมีนัยสำคัญต่อค่าสัมประสิทธิ์การสะท้อนและการส่งผ่านคลื่น ในการศึกษานี้ได้พัฒนาสมการของสัมประสิทธิ์การสะท้อนและการส่งผ่านคลื่นด้วยวิธีการวิเคราะห์ความถดถอยเชิงซ้อน เพื่อสนับสนุนการออกแบบโครงสร้างในการบรรเทาปัญหากัดเซาะชายฝั่งสำหรับพื้นที่แบบหาดโคลนในอนาคต