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Articles 1 - 30 of 82
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Domain-Specific Knowledge Extraction From The Web Of Data, Sarasi Lalithsena
Domain-Specific Knowledge Extraction From The Web Of Data, Sarasi Lalithsena
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Domain knowledge plays a significant role in powering a number of intelligent applications such as entity recommendation, question answering, data analytics, and knowledge discovery. Recent advances in Artificial Intelligence and Semantic Web communities have contributed to the representation and creation of this domain knowledge in a machine-readable form. This has resulted in a large collection of structured datasets on the Web which is commonly referred to as the Web of data. The Web of data continues to grow rapidly since its inception, which poses a number of challenges in developing intelligent applications that can benefit from its use. Majority of …
Measuring Goal Similarity Using Concept, Context And Task Features, Vahid Eyorokon
Measuring Goal Similarity Using Concept, Context And Task Features, Vahid Eyorokon
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Goals can be described as the user's desired state of the agent and the world and are satisfied when the agent and the world are altered in such a way that the present state matches the desired state. For physical agents, they must act in the world to alter it in a series of individual atomic actions. Traditionally, agents use planning to create a chain of actions each of which altering the current world state and yielding a new one until the final action yields the desired goal state. Once this goal state has been achieved, the goal is said …
Fabrication And Characterizations Of Lithium Aluminum Titanate Phosphate Solid Electrolytes For Li-Based Batteries, Anurag Yaddanapudi
Fabrication And Characterizations Of Lithium Aluminum Titanate Phosphate Solid Electrolytes For Li-Based Batteries, Anurag Yaddanapudi
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Demands for electric vehicles and flexible electronics have escalated research in developing high-performance lithium batteries based on solid-state chemistry. The present work is to develop highly-conductive and flexible solid electrolyte for such applications. Lithium aluminum titanate phosphate (LATP or Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3), both in ceramic pellets and free-standing composite membranes, have been fabricated. The crystal structure, surface morphology, and ionic conductivity are systematically studied. LATP pellets are prepared using solid state reaction approach. The results indicate that calcine temperature has significant impacts on the phase impurity and sintering temperature and duration have more impacts on the grain size and porosity of LATP …
Display And Analysis Of Tomographic Reconstructions Of Multiple Synthetic Aperture Ladar (Sal) Images, Bassirou Seck
Display And Analysis Of Tomographic Reconstructions Of Multiple Synthetic Aperture Ladar (Sal) Images, Bassirou Seck
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Synthetic aperture ladar (SAL) is similar to synthetic aperture radar (SAR) in that it can create range/cross-range slant plane images of the illuminated scatters; however, SAL has wavelengths 10,000x smaller than SAR enabling a relatively narrow real aperture, diffraction limited beam widths. The relatively narrow real aperture resolutions allow for multiple slant planes to be created for a single target with reasonable range/aperture combinations. These multiple slant planes can be projected into a single slant plane projections (as in SAR). It can also be displayed as a 3-D image with asymmetric resolutions, diffraction limited in the dimension orthogonal to the …
True-Average Current-Mode Control Of Dc-Dc Power Converters: Analysis, Design, And Characterization, Dalvir K. Saini
True-Average Current-Mode Control Of Dc-Dc Power Converters: Analysis, Design, And Characterization, Dalvir K. Saini
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Energy efficient, wide-bandwidth, and well-regulated dc-dc power converters are in great demand in today's emerging technologies in areas such as medical, communication, aerospace, and automotive industries. In addition to design and selection of the converter components, a robust closed-loop modeling is very essential for reliable power-electronic systems. Two closed-loop control techniques for power converters exist: voltage-mode control and current-mode control. The principles of voltage-mode control have been explored in great depths by researchers over the last two decades. However, the dynamic modeling of current-mode controlled dc-dc power converters has many uncharted areas that needs careful attention. Two main methods exist …
A Twitter-Based Study For Understanding Public Reaction On Zika Virus, Roopteja Muppalla
A Twitter-Based Study For Understanding Public Reaction On Zika Virus, Roopteja Muppalla
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In recent times, social media platforms like Twitter have become more popular and people have become more interactive and responsive than before. People often react to every news in real-time and within no-time, the information spreads rapidly. Even with viral diseases like Zika, people tend to share their opinions and concerns on social media. This can be leveraged by the health officials to track the disease in real-time thereby reducing the time lag due to traditional surveys. A faster and accurate detection of the disease can allow health officials to understand people's opinion of the disease and take necessary precautions …
Evaluation Of Consumer Drone Control Interface, Thomas William Merrell
Evaluation Of Consumer Drone Control Interface, Thomas William Merrell
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The development and use of consumer grade drones is becoming a larger part of our society for many different applications. There has been a great amount of discussion and constant review of proper operation of consumer drones including proper methods of control. In turn, regulation of such devices has been inconsistent. This study aims to better understand the effects of the three primary control interface methods (line of sight, video aided, and first-person view) on flight performance, situational awareness, and perceived mental workload of the operator. Secondarily, this study aims to provide design recommendations for future interfaces. This study shows …
Virtual Doctor: An Intelligent Human-Computer Dialogue System For Quick Response To People In Need, Stavros Mallios
Virtual Doctor: An Intelligent Human-Computer Dialogue System For Quick Response To People In Need, Stavros Mallios
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One of the challenges of our society is the existence of chronic-related conditions and diseases among the elderly and people at risk. Apart from the welfare of people, a significant impact of this phenomenon is the accumulation of high financial costs for both individuals and health care systems. In order to address this issue and to reduce its effects, many efforts have been made towards preventing, identifying in early stages and, generally, managing chronic-related medical conditions and diseases. As a result, there has been a keen research and market interest in health monitoring devices during the past few decades. Nevertheless, …
In Vitro Assessment Of The Effects Of Valvular Stenosis On Aorta Hemodynamics And Left Ventricular Function, Ashish Madan
In Vitro Assessment Of The Effects Of Valvular Stenosis On Aorta Hemodynamics And Left Ventricular Function, Ashish Madan
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Calcific aortic stenosis (CAS) is the most common valvular heart disease and is associated with aortopathy and ventricular dysfunction. Hemodynamic alterations due CAS could affect the aorta lining (endothelium), that is in direct contact with the blood, triggering adverse biological responses that may possibly cause aortic dilation and dissection. Also, CAS could impose excessive ventricular load leading to ventricular wall thickening, thus putting an individual at a higher risk of heart attack or stroke. These pathophysiological effects of CAS are highly dependent on the degree of calcification. However, the impact of CAS development on aorta flow and left ventricular workload …
Implementation Of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Reporting Plume Cloud Concentration Values In A 3d Simulation Environment, Emily Catherine Novak
Implementation Of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Reporting Plume Cloud Concentration Values In A 3d Simulation Environment, Emily Catherine Novak
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Unmanned aerial vehicles, or UAVs, have the potential to vastly improve plume cloud tracking at low cost. Plume clouds can be produced from blast mining, chemical warfare, unintended man-made disasters, and natural causes. This thesis provides implementation of the capability to simulate a 3D environment in which UAVs are individually controlled and each report a plume's concentration value at a specific location. It leverages existing industry standard technologies, including the PX4 autopilot system, the Gazebo simulation environment, the Robot Operating System (ROS), and QGroundControl. The provided system integrates the existing tools with a plume model plug-in that provides simulated plume …
A Framework To Understand Emoji Meaning: Similarity And Sense Disambiguation Of Emoji Using Emojinet, Sanjaya Wijeratne
A Framework To Understand Emoji Meaning: Similarity And Sense Disambiguation Of Emoji Using Emojinet, Sanjaya Wijeratne
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Pictographs, commonly referred to as `emoji’, have become a popular way to enhance electronic communications. They are an important component of the language used in social media. With their introduction in the late 1990’s, emoji have been widely used to enhance the sentiment, emotion, and sarcasm expressed in social media messages. They are equally popular across many social media sites including Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. In 2015, Instagram reported that nearly half of the photo comments posted on Instagram contain emoji, and in the same year, Twitter reported that the `face with tears of joy’ emoji has been tweeted 6.6 …
Novel Auto-Calibrating Neural Motor Decoder For Robust Prosthetic Control, Andrew Earl Montgomery
Novel Auto-Calibrating Neural Motor Decoder For Robust Prosthetic Control, Andrew Earl Montgomery
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The overarching goal of this project is to develop novel neural motor decoders for prosthetic control. EMG decoders measure the activity from an intact but non-target muscle. Neural motor decoders transform the signal measured from the severed motor axons of the target muscle. A multi-scale, highly-realistic computer model of a spinal motor pool was developed (Allen & Elbasiouny, 2018) to serve as a computational platform for decoder development and testing. A firing rate-based algorithm was developed to transform the aggregate discharge of the motor pool into a command signal to control the simulated prosthetic MuJoCo hand. This algorithm was informed …
Demonstrating The Functionality And Efficacy Of Blockchain-Based System In Healthcare Using Simulation Tools, Jad S. Mubaslat
Demonstrating The Functionality And Efficacy Of Blockchain-Based System In Healthcare Using Simulation Tools, Jad S. Mubaslat
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Blockchain and cryptocurrencies have been a rapidly growing industry and area of academic research since Bitcoin's launch in early 2009. Blockchains have already been applied in spaces outside of finance, such as healthcare. This work explores the Bitcoin blockchain and a blockchain-based care coordination system through the use of modeling and simulation tools. Two agent based models are constructed: one to represent the Bitcoin blockchain, and a second to represent a blockchain-based care coordination system, MDChain. Insight is provided that is relevant to current issues within the Bitcoin community and predictions are made as to its future. The feasibility of …
Slim Embedding Layers For Recurrent Neural Language Models, Zhongliang Li
Slim Embedding Layers For Recurrent Neural Language Models, Zhongliang Li
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Recurrent neural language (RNN) models are the state-of-the-art method for language modeling. When the vocabulary size is large, the space taken to store the model parameters becomes the bottleneck for the use of these type of models. We introduce a simple space compression method that stochastically shares the structured parameters at both the input and output embedding layers of RNN models to significantly reduce the size of model parameters, but still compactly represents the original input and the output embedding layers. The method is easy to implement and tune. Experiments on several data sets show that the new method achieves …
Threats And Mitigation Of Ddos Cyberattacks Against The U.S. Power Grid Via Ev Charging, Glenn Sean Morrison
Threats And Mitigation Of Ddos Cyberattacks Against The U.S. Power Grid Via Ev Charging, Glenn Sean Morrison
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Cars are an ever changing and integral part of modern society. Two of the biggest changes in vehicles today are their heavy integration with wireless communication and the push toward battery powered Electric Vehicles (EV). EV and EV charging stations have become a part of the Internet of Things (IoT). While this connectedness increases the convenience and functionality of the vehicles and charging stations, it also opens them up to a wide range of cyber threats. This thesis examines the potential threats against the EV charging ecosystem through a historical analysis of past cyberattacks and identified vulnerabilities. As EV charging …
Exploring Feedback Modalities Using Wearable Device For Complex Systems Training Programs, Layla Akilan
Exploring Feedback Modalities Using Wearable Device For Complex Systems Training Programs, Layla Akilan
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This study examined the effectiveness of a wearable device in delivering various feedback modalities in an attempt to improve performance outcomes in complex systems. Secondarily this study looked at performance when feedback type was matched to preferred learning style according to VARK Learning Styles Inventory results. Participants were required to perform system monitoring and correct for system failures through key presses. Feedback was delivered through a smart watch and was based on response time performance. Feedback modalities included visual, auditory, and haptic feedback. Subjective ratings of situation awareness and mental workload were also examined. Results indicated that auditory feedback condition …
A Simulation Method For Studying Effects Of Site-Specific Clutter On Sar-Gmti Performance, Marcus James Campbell
A Simulation Method For Studying Effects Of Site-Specific Clutter On Sar-Gmti Performance, Marcus James Campbell
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Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is an invaluable tool for detection of ground moving targets when combined with processing techniques of ground moving target indication (GMTI). This work investigates a simulation methodology for studying impact of site-specific ground clutter on SAR-GMTI performance. A terrain model is proposed and is based on digital terrain elevation data (DTED) and national land-use land-cover data (NLCD) as provided by the US Geological Survey. The proposed physical optics simulation method capitalizes on high-fidelity digital target models in combination with the proposed terrain model. SAR phase history is generated for a moving commercial target in situ of …
Multiscale Modeling Of Hemodynamics In Human Vessel Network And Its Applications In Cerebral Aneurysms, Hongtao Yu
Multiscale Modeling Of Hemodynamics In Human Vessel Network And Its Applications In Cerebral Aneurysms, Hongtao Yu
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Three-dimensional (3D) simulation of patient-specific morphological models has been widely used to provide the hemodynamic information of individual patients, such as wall shear stress (WSS), oscillatory shear index (OSI), and flow patterns, etc. Since patient-specific morphological segment was only restricted locally, boundary conditions (BCs) are required to implement the CFD simulation. Direct measurements of the flow and pressure waveforms were often required as input BCs for 3D CFD simulations of patient-specific models. However, as the morphology develops, the feedback from this topological deformation may lead to BCs being altered, and hence without this feedback, the flow characteristics of the morphology …
Impact Of Noise Level On Task Performance And Workload And Correlation To Personality, Kaylee Marie Eakins
Impact Of Noise Level On Task Performance And Workload And Correlation To Personality, Kaylee Marie Eakins
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An ideal work environment supports a culture of high performance, low mental workload, and quick turnarounds. The impact of noise on three types of tasks in a lab work environment were examined while attempting to identify correlations between a subject's personality and their tolerance to noise. Neuroticism, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and extroversion correlated significantly with subjective (NASA-TLX) and physiological mental workload measures (heart rate variability and eye-tracking). The results show that task type impacts the performance, task duration, and mental workload. Although the physiological workload measures showed significant impact, the parameters standard deviation of R-R intervals and LF/HF ratio agreed with …
Augmenting Incident Command System For Improved Emergency Response, Meenakshi Nagarajan
Augmenting Incident Command System For Improved Emergency Response, Meenakshi Nagarajan
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Incident Command System provides a framework for commanders to manage an incident. However, maintaining good situation awareness in an emergency situation is often challenging to the Incident Commander. Stress may result in task fixation which may cause the commander to miss critical information and can eventually lead to poor decisions. The proposed augmented decision support system, with an integrated knowledge base, enhances the commander's decision making and situation awareness by presenting the information that may have been missed. The system has been evaluated to investigate its utility in chemical hazard scenarios. The system was used by experienced Incident Commanders to …
Use Of Adaptive Mobile Applications To Improve Mindfulness, Wiehan Boshoff
Use Of Adaptive Mobile Applications To Improve Mindfulness, Wiehan Boshoff
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Mindfulness is the state of retaining awareness of what is happening at the current point in time. It has been used in multiple forms to reduce stress, anxiety, and even depression. Promoting Mindfulness can be done in various ways, but current research shows a trend towards preferential usage of breathing exercises over other methods to reach a mindful state. Studies have showcased that breathing can be used as a tool to promote brain control, specifically in the auditory cortex region. Research pertaining to disorders such as Tinnitus, the phantom awareness of sound, could potentially benefit from using these brain control …
Influence Of Fdm Build Parameters On Tensile And Compression Behaviors Of 3d Printed Polymer Lattice Structures, Sai Avinash Yadlapati
Influence Of Fdm Build Parameters On Tensile And Compression Behaviors Of 3d Printed Polymer Lattice Structures, Sai Avinash Yadlapati
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This research focuses on the compression and tensile behavior of three-dimensional printed polymer lattice structures with different printing parameters such as build orientation, infill density, and layer thickness. The body-centered cubic (BCC) lattice unit cell, which has been extensively investigated for energy absorption applications, is considered here to create compression and tensile specimens. Special test fixture was designed and developed to perform the tensile tests. The specimens were printed using Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) polymer material on a Stratasys uPrint 3D printer. The printing parameters considered in this case are: (a) Three different build orientations (0, 45 and 90 degrees); …
Leveraging 3d Models For Sar-Based Navigation In Gps-Denied Environments, Zachary A. Reid
Leveraging 3d Models For Sar-Based Navigation In Gps-Denied Environments, Zachary A. Reid
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This thesis considers the use of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) to provide absolute platform position information in scenarios where GPS signals may be degraded, jammed, or spoofed. Two algorithms are presented, and both leverage known 3D ground structure in an area of interest, e.g. provided by LIDAR data, to provide georeferenced position information to airborne SAR platforms. The first approach is based on the wide-aperture layover properties of elevated reflectors, while the second approach is based on correlating backprojected imagery with digital elevation imagery. Both of these approaches constitute the system we have designated: SARNAV. Building on 3D backprojection, localization …
An Autonomous Intelligent Robotic Wheelchair To Assist People In Need: Standing-Up, Turning-Around And Sitting-Down, Iosif Papadakis Ktistakis
An Autonomous Intelligent Robotic Wheelchair To Assist People In Need: Standing-Up, Turning-Around And Sitting-Down, Iosif Papadakis Ktistakis
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The world’s ageing population has significantly increased over the last decades, which will result in one of the most significant transformations of the twenty-first century. As people age, they become more vulnerable to diseases and their health may need constant monitoring. At the same time, the number of people who have some kind of disability is also increasing. These people with disabilities may need daily assistance and monitoring of their health condition that is provided by specialists (health providers) at a high cost. A possible solution to the aforementioned problem comes from the assistive and intelligent robotics research area. The …
Examination Of Gain Scheduling And Fuzzy Controllers With Hybrid Reachability, Aaron W. Fifarek
Examination Of Gain Scheduling And Fuzzy Controllers With Hybrid Reachability, Aaron W. Fifarek
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Modern aircraft with nonlinear flight envelopes predominately utilize gain scheduled controllers to provide stability of flight. Using gain scheduled control techniques, nonlinear envelopes can be linearized into collections of linear systems that operate under various system dynamics. Linear controllers approximate the nonlinear response over setpoints of operating conditions which allow traditional linear theory to be applied to maintain stability. Techniques to prove linear stability are well understood and realized in control systems, but when controllers are switched, interpolation methods must be used. Interpolation is necessary as gain scheduled systems do not have foundational switching paradigms as part of their realization …
Developing A Kinect Based Holoportation System, Soumya Chiday
Developing A Kinect Based Holoportation System, Soumya Chiday
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Holographic communication and distributed collaboration offer great potential for empathic computing to help remove the cost, distance, language and expertise barriers in many social and economic activities. Recent advances in AR-enhanced communication as evident by Microsoft Holoportation technology demonstrate the progress toward fully immersive collaborations distributed and remotely. Current holoportation system requires the use of extensive camera-arrays and powerful server system due to the computation demand and sensory needs to capture and reconstruct the subject of interests Thus, they suffer in mobility and applicability in real-world scenarios. In this thesis, we present an ultra-portable holoportation system design that requires only …
Wideband Doa And Parameter Estimation Of Chirp Sources Using Dcft And Compressive Sensing, Luay A. Al Irkhis
Wideband Doa And Parameter Estimation Of Chirp Sources Using Dcft And Compressive Sensing, Luay A. Al Irkhis
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Direction of Arrival (DoA) estimation of chirp sources has many applications in radar, sonar and medical imaging. This work considers DoA and parameter estimation of wide- band chirp sources by the use of Discrete Chirp Fourier Transform (DCFT), its Compres- sive Sensing formulation (CS-DCFT) and Distributed CS. DCFT is similar to traditional Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) but with chirp ba- sis and two-dimensional search over chirp rate and chirp frequency. For chirp parame- ters estimation, the proposed Compressive Sensing (CS) formulation uses the parametric DCFT basis to achieve superior estimator performance in polynomial time using Orthog- onal Matching Pursuit (OMP) …
Constitutive Modeling Of Creep In Leaded And Lead-Free Solder Alloys Using Constant Strain Rate Tensile Testing, Eric Thomas Stang
Constitutive Modeling Of Creep In Leaded And Lead-Free Solder Alloys Using Constant Strain Rate Tensile Testing, Eric Thomas Stang
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Environmental and safety concerns have necessitated a phase-out of lead-based alloys, which are often used in electronics solder applications. In order to properly assess suitable replacement materials, it is necessary to understand the deformation mechanisms relevant to the application. In the case of electronics solder, creep is an important mechanism that must be considered in the design of reliable devices and systems. In this study, Power-Law and Garofalo constitutive creep models were derived for two medium temperature solder alloys. The first alloy is known by the commercial name Indalloy 236 and is a quaternary alloy of lead, antimony, tin, and …
Augment The Multi-Modal Interaction Capabilities Of Hololens Through Networked Sensory Devices, Subhadra Tummalapally
Augment The Multi-Modal Interaction Capabilities Of Hololens Through Networked Sensory Devices, Subhadra Tummalapally
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Augmented Reality (AR) places virtual contents along with real objects to enhance user perception in the physical environment. It is a technology that has shown great potential in many industries such as medicine, education and transportation. AR devices, such as Microsoft HoloLens, come with multi-modal interaction capabilities, such as voice, gesture and gaze, to support intuitive and reliable human-computer interactions. However, HoloLens gesture support is limited to simple gestures like tap, bloom and hold, it stops short to support meaningful interaction through full hand gesture and motion tracking, which may be critical in field operations of various industry practices in …
Using Natural Language Processing And Machine Learning For Analyzing Clinical Notes In Sickle Cell Disease Patients, Shufa Khizra
Using Natural Language Processing And Machine Learning For Analyzing Clinical Notes In Sickle Cell Disease Patients, Shufa Khizra
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Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a hereditary disorder in red blood cells that can lead to excruciating pain episodes. SCD causes the normal red blood cells to distort its shape and turn into sickle shape. The distorted shape makes the hemoglobin inflexible and stick to the walls of the vessels thereby obstructing the free flow of blood and eventually making the tissues suffer from lack of oxygen. The lack of oxygen causes serious problems including Acute Chest Syndrome (ACS), stroke, infection, organ damage, and over the lifetime an SCD can harm a persons spleen, brain, kidneys, eyes, bones. Sickling of …