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Articles 1 - 30 of 146
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Using Mathematical Modeling To Unmask The Concealed Nature Of Long Qt-3 Syndrome, Steven Poelzing, Amara Greer-Short, Seth H. Weinberg
Using Mathematical Modeling To Unmask The Concealed Nature Of Long Qt-3 Syndrome, Steven Poelzing, Amara Greer-Short, Seth H. Weinberg
Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference
No abstract provided.
Pressure Relationships Of Inspired Air Into The Human Lung Bifurcations, Parya Aghasafari, Israr Ibrahim, Ramana Pidaparti
Pressure Relationships Of Inspired Air Into The Human Lung Bifurcations, Parya Aghasafari, Israr Ibrahim, Ramana Pidaparti
Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference
No abstract provided.
Numerical Modeling Of Fluid-Porous Structure Interaction In Arteries, Rana Zakerzadeh, Paolo Zunino
Numerical Modeling Of Fluid-Porous Structure Interaction In Arteries, Rana Zakerzadeh, Paolo Zunino
Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference
No abstract provided.
Distributed Sparse Signal Recovery In Networked Systems, Puxiao Han
Distributed Sparse Signal Recovery In Networked Systems, Puxiao Han
Theses and Dissertations
In this dissertation, two classes of distributed algorithms are developed for sparse signal recovery in large sensor networks. All the proposed approaches consist of local computation (LC) and global computation (GC) steps carried out by a group of distributed local sensors, and do not require the local sensors to know the global sensing matrix. These algorithms are based on the original approximate message passing (AMP) and iterative hard thresholding (IHT) algorithms in the area of compressed sensing (CS), also known as sparse signal recovery. For distributed AMP (DiAMP), we develop a communication-efficient algorithm GCAMP. Numerical results demonstrate that it outperforms …
A Simulation Study Of A Radiofrequency Localization System For Tracking Patient Motion In Radiotherapy, Mark Ostyn, Siyong Kim, Woon-Hong Yeo
A Simulation Study Of A Radiofrequency Localization System For Tracking Patient Motion In Radiotherapy, Mark Ostyn, Siyong Kim, Woon-Hong Yeo
Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering Publications
One of the most widely used tools in cancer treatment is external beam radiotherapy. However, the major risk involved in radiotherapy is excess radiation dose to healthy tissue, exacerbated by patient motion. Here, we present a simulation study of a potential radiofrequency (RF) localization system designed to track intrafraction motion (target motion during the radiation treatment). This system includes skin-wearable RF beacons and an external tracking system. We develop an analytical model for direction of arrival measurement with radio frequencies (GHz range) for use in a localization estimate. We use a Monte Carlo simulation to investigate the relationship between a …
Characterization Of Fibrin Matrix Incorporated Electrospun Polycaprolactone Scaffold, Cho Yi Wong
Characterization Of Fibrin Matrix Incorporated Electrospun Polycaprolactone Scaffold, Cho Yi Wong
Theses and Dissertations
Specific objective: Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) aims to regenerate the lost attachment apparatus caused by periodontal disease through the use of a barrier membrane. For the GTR procedures to be successful, barrier membranes are required to be present at the surgical site for an extended period of time (weeks to months). Synthetic membranes have the advantage of prolonged presence in a wound site; however, they do not actively contribute to wound healing. Biologic membranes are recognized by the host tissue and participate in wound healing but have the disadvantage of early resorption. Therefore, the goal of this study is …
A Computational Study Of Curvature In The Outflow Graft Of A Continuous Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device, Laura Patterson
A Computational Study Of Curvature In The Outflow Graft Of A Continuous Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device, Laura Patterson
Theses and Dissertations
Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are an increasingly utilized therapy for end-stage heart failure. Thrombosis within the graft from the pump to the aorta has been documented, but is poorly researched. This study examines the effect of graft geometry, as measured by radius of curvature, bend angle, and diameter, on thrombogenic flow patterns within the graft for a range of flow conditions. It also examines the effect blood properties, including viscosity and density, on these flow patterns. The results indicated that radius of curvature had a powerful effect on thrombogenic flow patterns. Flowrate and bend angle were also influential. The …
Design & Analysis Of A Computer Experiment For An Aerospace Conformance Simulation Study, Ryan W. Gryder
Design & Analysis Of A Computer Experiment For An Aerospace Conformance Simulation Study, Ryan W. Gryder
Theses and Dissertations
Within NASA's Air Traffic Management Technology Demonstration # 1 (ATD-1), Interval Management (IM) is a flight deck tool that enables pilots to achieve or maintain a precise in-trail spacing behind a target aircraft. Previous research has shown that violations of aircraft spacing requirements can occur between an IM aircraft and its surrounding non-IM aircraft when it is following a target on a separate route. This research focused on the experimental design and analysis of a deterministic computer simulation which models our airspace configuration of interest. Using an original space-filling design and Gaussian process modeling, we found that aircraft delay assignments …
Role Of E-Cadherin Force In The Spatial Regulation Of Cell Proliferation, Abhinav Mohan
Role Of E-Cadherin Force In The Spatial Regulation Of Cell Proliferation, Abhinav Mohan
Theses and Dissertations
Cell proliferation and contact inhibition play a major role in maintaining epithelial cell homeostasis. A hallmark of epithelial cells is strong cell-cell junctions. These junctions include E-Cadherin, a type of adherens junction that is critical for both barrier function and contact inhibition. Prior experiments by other groups have shown that adherens junctions are subject to mechanical tension. Externally applied forces (e.g. stretch) results in changes in E-Cadherin forces that coordinate proliferation. My current work tests the hypothesis that E-Cadherin forces mediate the spatial regulation of cell proliferation even in the absence of externally applied forces.
An Injection And Mixing Element For Delivery And Monitoring Of Inhaled Nitric Oxide, Andrew R. Martin, Chris Jackson, Samuel Fromont, Chloe Pont, Ira M. Katz, Georges Caillobotte
An Injection And Mixing Element For Delivery And Monitoring Of Inhaled Nitric Oxide, Andrew R. Martin, Chris Jackson, Samuel Fromont, Chloe Pont, Ira M. Katz, Georges Caillobotte
Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering Publications
Background
Inhaled nitric oxide (NO) is a selective pulmonary vasodilator used primarily in the critical care setting for patients concurrently supported by invasive or noninvasive positive pressure ventilation. NO delivery devices interface with ventilator breathing circuits to inject NO in proportion with the flow of air/oxygen through the circuit, in order to maintain a constant, target concentration of inhaled NO.
Methods
In the present article, a NO injection and mixing element is presented. The device borrows from the design of static elements to promote rapid mixing of injected NO-containing gas with breathing circuit gases. Bench experiments are reported to demonstrate …
3d Printed Microwave Hyperthermia Applicator, Umar Hasni, Christopher Deloglos, Patricia Moseh
3d Printed Microwave Hyperthermia Applicator, Umar Hasni, Christopher Deloglos, Patricia Moseh
Capstone Design Expo Posters
According to the CDC, every year approximately two million people are diagnosed with some type of cancer in the United States alone. Common procedures for cancer treatment include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Hyperthermia, an effective collateral treatment, is not included as part of regular cancer care. This is primarily due to its high cost.
Clinical studies for hyperthermia coupled with chemotherapy/radiation therapy have indicated up to a three-fold increase in survival rates of cancer patients. Unfortunately, current microwave hyperthermia systems are bulky, expensive and require special infrastructure in hospitals thus driving up the cost. The objective of this project …
Alternative Materials For Dental Restorations, Tyler Poole, Pierce Dunwoody, Adarsha Sapkota, Mario Rodriguez
Alternative Materials For Dental Restorations, Tyler Poole, Pierce Dunwoody, Adarsha Sapkota, Mario Rodriguez
Capstone Design Expo Posters
The senior design project ‘Alternative Materials and Methods for Dental Restoration’ has a purpose of addressing the unmet need or engineering problem related to dental restoration by determining the available manufacturing methods and materials as an alternative to ‘Intra-oral digital scanners’. The project deliverables for this project were the tooth crown prototypes with the tolerance within 50 microns. The CAD model for this tooth was tested for its strength, physical properties, and suitability. The prototypes were developed through an additive method, i.e., 3D printing. The constraints for this project were related to budget and printer. Buying a highly qualitative 3D …
Vcu Neuroguard: Multi-Person Radiation Shielding Device, David Bauserman, Abigail Haines, Laynold Pilson, Madelaine Simmons
Vcu Neuroguard: Multi-Person Radiation Shielding Device, David Bauserman, Abigail Haines, Laynold Pilson, Madelaine Simmons
Capstone Design Expo Posters
The objective of the VCU Neuroguard project was to design and build a device to shield all medical personnel in Operating Room-33, at MCV Hospital, from radiation during neurological procedures that utilize a Siemens Artis Zee biplane X-ray machine. The initial goal was to develop a fully working prototype but due to monetary reasons this goal was adjusted to a working prototype minus the radiation shielding materials.
There were many requirements for the VCU Neuroguard set forth by the customer and by the team, including the ability to shield all the medical staff in the room, the ability for them …
Improved Way To Affix Iv Components To Gurneys From Operating Tables, Corey Gilbert, Braulio Rosales, Jason Warren
Improved Way To Affix Iv Components To Gurneys From Operating Tables, Corey Gilbert, Braulio Rosales, Jason Warren
Capstone Design Expo Posters
The current issue in the process of transporting a patient from the operating room (OR) to the intensive care unit (ICU) is the risks involved with the IV stand being top-heavy due to two or three IV pumps weighing approximately 15 pounds each. This can lead to injury to the patient, or other personnel, if an instance occurred where the IV stand were to tip over. Having a single person to manage both the IV stand and gurney during transport can increase this risk.
To remedy these problems, the project team established the goals of developing a working prototype, testing …
Tracking Surgical Instruments, Akia Wells, Samuel Samvura, Brandon Santiago
Tracking Surgical Instruments, Akia Wells, Samuel Samvura, Brandon Santiago
Capstone Design Expo Posters
Surgical instruments and sponges are mistakenly left inside patients for more than a dozen times a day. Hospitalizations involving a lost instrument or sponge can average costing more than $60,000 for a hospital. The objective of this design project is to develop a simple, innovative tracking flow process that will better keep track of surgical instruments and sponges before and after surgeries. Using high temperature stickers with matrix barcode technology attached to the surgical instruments, the instruments will be easily scanned into a database to track when instruments are checked in and checked out. Before all instruments are used and …
Remote Control Aircraft, Thomas Gutema, Catherine Jones, Judy Liang, Kendall Moore
Remote Control Aircraft, Thomas Gutema, Catherine Jones, Judy Liang, Kendall Moore
Capstone Design Expo Posters
The purpose of the RC aircraft design was not to address a problem that has not been solved, but to redesign an aircraft with the intent to understand the practical applications of the building process. Our approach to completing this project involved two phases; the planning phase and the building phase. In the planning phase, we made selections for the airfoil, wing, fuselage, tail, elevators, and ailerons. These choices were made using aeronautical engineering concepts and theory. For the building phase, we focused on materials selection, fabrication, and testing.
During our design process, a lot of time went to choosing …
Transparent Furnace For Observing Electrochemical Separation Of Used Nuclear Fuel, Hoor Almazmi, Abbie Dewitte, Kelli Mckenna, Svetlana Ruseva
Transparent Furnace For Observing Electrochemical Separation Of Used Nuclear Fuel, Hoor Almazmi, Abbie Dewitte, Kelli Mckenna, Svetlana Ruseva
Capstone Design Expo Posters
Electrochemical separation of used nuclear fuel (UNF) operating at 500°C is confined within a furnace, making it difficult for a visual observation. Thus, flow characteristic predictions from the furnace are often calculated through advanced computational modeling methods. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an innovative idea, combining mechanical and chemical skill sets to design and build a transparent furnace that provides a clear visualization that can later be coupled with an optical flow-visualization method, such as Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA). Deliverables of the project include the complete design and illustration of the prototype operating up to 500°C. Challenges of the …
Design And Optimization Of A Molten Metal Loop Driven By An Electromagnetic Pump, Eric Mallon, Miguel Bustamante Perez, Joseph Keegan
Design And Optimization Of A Molten Metal Loop Driven By An Electromagnetic Pump, Eric Mallon, Miguel Bustamante Perez, Joseph Keegan
Capstone Design Expo Posters
Liquid Metal Fast Reactor (LMFR) utilizing liquid metal as a coolant is still being considered for future nuclear energy. In this concept, transporting liquid metal still poses many challenges in engineering design and material detection and accountability. In this senior design project, the team has been exploring a design and optimization of a molten metal loop driven by an electromagnetic pump. Here, a manometer type solution was deemed the best method to achieve meaningful results. Transparent Pyrex tubing was selected for the manometers, as the visual column difference would indicate pressure differences. Tin was selected for the working fluid, and …
Emergency Glucagon Injection Device, John Corbett, Zachary Cullingsworth, Christopher Ducic, Ryan Meekins
Emergency Glucagon Injection Device, John Corbett, Zachary Cullingsworth, Christopher Ducic, Ryan Meekins
Capstone Design Expo Posters
Glucagon is a drug administered to people with diabetes that are experiencing a seizure due to low blood glucose levels. The current method of injecting glucagon during a hypoglycemic seizure is lengthy and complicated when time equates to minimizing the effects of an emergency situation. This project is student created and the result of the design team recognizing a serious problem and deciding to find a better solution. The goal of this project was to streamline this process. Several working prototypes were developed and evaluated before a final design was chosen. Safety, durability and usability were all considerable factors. The …
Thermo-Regulated Device For Extremities Affected By Raynaud’S Disease, Jessica L. Bishop, Nathaniel P. Kirby, T. Ryan Beaver, Alisa B. Sverdlov
Thermo-Regulated Device For Extremities Affected By Raynaud’S Disease, Jessica L. Bishop, Nathaniel P. Kirby, T. Ryan Beaver, Alisa B. Sverdlov
Capstone Design Expo Posters
Raynaud’s condition is a disease in which blood vessels in the extremities constrict in response to emotional stimuli and cold environments. This results in extreme discoloration and pain in the regions affected (Figure 1), and can cause permanent tissue damage. Although there is no current cure for this disease, there are several methods of pain mitigation including the use of drugs, gloves, avoiding exposure to cold weather, and using heating devices. However, these solutions are only temporary. Most gloves do not provide adequate insulation or have a short battery life.
This project is aimed at mediating the negative physiological effects …
Non-Destructive Testing Of Hardface Cladding, Hunter Andrews, Karson Clark, Jared O’Hara
Non-Destructive Testing Of Hardface Cladding, Hunter Andrews, Karson Clark, Jared O’Hara
Capstone Design Expo Posters
Valves, such as the ones shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, are very common throughout Navy vessels in systems which transport various materials such as water, steam, and oil. Over their lifetime the valve Stellite seatings are rehabilitated by being ground down to create a smooth surface. If the seating surface is ground to a thickness lower than 3/32 in, the valve will be considered inoperable. It was necessary to design a portable device that can be used by Newport News Shipbuilding to measure the thickness of Stellite coatings on valve seating surfaces. A device that could be used …
Tapered Roller Bearing Accelerated Life Test Rig Design And Fabrication, Laith Naeem, Andrew Nguyen, Bryson Sin, Ramon Vargas
Tapered Roller Bearing Accelerated Life Test Rig Design And Fabrication, Laith Naeem, Andrew Nguyen, Bryson Sin, Ramon Vargas
Capstone Design Expo Posters
L10 bearing fatigue life testing is a costly and prolonged process, as the bearing is characteristically designed for durability and reliability. Within the current testing methods, faulty materials still have the potential of passing the test. However, with this life test rig, the bearing will be tested to failure, thus providing an indicator for its predicted life span.
The purpose of this project is to optimize and construct a L10 life test rig for accelerated fatigue testing of the Association of American Railroad Class K, 6 ½ x 9-inch double-row tapered roller bearing to their maximum fatigue life …
Underhull Material Transport Rig: Aircraft Carrier Maintenance Processes, Hunter Alford, Christopher Brady, Michelle Runion, Spencer Trevisan
Underhull Material Transport Rig: Aircraft Carrier Maintenance Processes, Hunter Alford, Christopher Brady, Michelle Runion, Spencer Trevisan
Capstone Design Expo Posters
The clearance under a ship in the Newport News Shipbuilding dry dock is approximately 62 inches. As a result, workers are either crouched or hunched over as they carry materials and equipment underneath the ship to their work zone. This can cause physical strain on workers’ bodies, leading to safety and health problems. This design project solves the problem by creating a transport system that uses a cart suspended from two trolleys that ride on a track attached to the bottom of the hull.
A working prototype was built, demonstrated, and tested. This prototype cart maneuvered through a straight and …
Robotic Inspection Of Geometrically Complex Tank Systems, Andrew Casalenuovo, Andrew Rubio, Charles Hockett, Peter Donaldson
Robotic Inspection Of Geometrically Complex Tank Systems, Andrew Casalenuovo, Andrew Rubio, Charles Hockett, Peter Donaldson
Capstone Design Expo Posters
The goal of this project was to continue the development of a temporary rail system for a robotic tank inspection device. The tanks to be inspected are in a hazardous environment that is dangerous to work in and navigate. A remotely controlled robot could reduce the need for manual labor in the tanks to initial setup, final removal, and touch ups. Similar setups have been created for inspecting tanks, but they are permanent installations and are meant only for inspections.
The goal of the current phase of the project was to employ a new concept for supporting the rail system, …
Highway 66 Structural Foundation Redesign, Devyn Borum, Joshua Clarke, Lorenzo Dingcong, Korey Smith
Highway 66 Structural Foundation Redesign, Devyn Borum, Joshua Clarke, Lorenzo Dingcong, Korey Smith
Capstone Design Expo Posters
The primary project goal was to reduce the cost per unit of the structural foundation (sublane) of the Route 66 miniature bowling lane by 10%. Additional project goals were: 1) reducing the cubic volume for shipping, (2) reducing the lane assembly time, and 3) maintaining current 10 to 15-year product life. Ten sublane sections are used to assemble two lanes of a Route 66 unit. The project constraints included: 1) maintaining outside height, width and length of the sublanes, 2) load bearing strength greater than or close to the current design and 3) no significant change in manufacturing processes. After …
Friction And Wear Measurements In Automatic Transmission Clutch, Steffen Harm, Dabin Kim, Jean Paulo Mulles, Eric Stavitzski, Hoang Tran
Friction And Wear Measurements In Automatic Transmission Clutch, Steffen Harm, Dabin Kim, Jean Paulo Mulles, Eric Stavitzski, Hoang Tran
Capstone Design Expo Posters
In order to create alternate pathways to increase fuel efficiency, flexible ways to alter and test fluid properties are needed when transmission manufacturers change the operating conditions or components used in automatic transmissions. A prototype was fabricated to satisfy this need by reducing the cost, time of conducting tests while producing accurate results, and also increasing the amount of trials that can be conducted in a laboratory setting. The limitations of developing a new prototype are: safety, weight, ease of use, laboratory size, and establishing accurate results within the amount of time given. This project was approached using the Engineering …
3d Heart Model For Mapping Rf Ablation Sites, Danielle Corsino, Ashleigh Mims, Andrew Potter, Alejandro Rivera
3d Heart Model For Mapping Rf Ablation Sites, Danielle Corsino, Ashleigh Mims, Andrew Potter, Alejandro Rivera
Capstone Design Expo Posters
Electro-Cardiologists routinely insert radiofrequency probes into the heart and conduct targeted ablation procedures to correct irregular heartbeats. Current techniques are very experience and “touch” based, and require the novice cardiologist about 50 procedures to become proficient. There is a need for a functional heart model device that can be used to reduce the amount of procedures on human patients before cardiologist become proficient. Project constraints included limited software availability for segmenting accuracy, available 3D printing technology and materials, and cost to 3D print heart models due to the complex geometry. The team began with a CT scan, ITK SNAP and …
3d Printed Teeth: Anatomically Correct Primary Replicas, Anh Nguyen, Stefan Harris
3d Printed Teeth: Anatomically Correct Primary Replicas, Anh Nguyen, Stefan Harris
Capstone Design Expo Posters
The current method of molding teeth, especially primary teeth, cannot accurately reproduce internal tooth structures. Therefore, there is a need for primary teeth to be made anatomically accurate on-demand with the ability to customize a model for specific patients. This project aims that any tooth extracted digitally from a Dental Cone Beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan of a child's mouth can be 3D printed into an accurate replicate with which dental students can practice. Constraints include viable materials that can be printed by a 3D printer, represent tooth anatomy and provide desirable mechanical properties compatible with the dental drilling operation. …
Continuously Expanding Mandrel, Cory Bleistein, Dylan Dawson, Anton Rabinky, Marshall Smith
Continuously Expanding Mandrel, Cory Bleistein, Dylan Dawson, Anton Rabinky, Marshall Smith
Capstone Design Expo Posters
The purpose of this project was to develop a better, safer, more efficient system for Sealeze to manufacture spiral-wrapped strip brushes in a continuous fashion at a variable diameter. The end results produced a finalized drawing sheet for machining and production, numerous design variations within CAD drawings, and extensive mechanical evaluations and analyses proving the strength and capabilities of the proposed design. In production of these brushes, various different materials will be used for the core, backing, and filament, creating a need for a mandrel that will be strong enough to handle the most resiliant of materials while maintaining a …
Adjustable Pipe Hanger: Newport News Shipbuilding, Ryan Fitzgerald, Ahmad Othman, Emily Holland, Zinullah Ghaznawi
Adjustable Pipe Hanger: Newport News Shipbuilding, Ryan Fitzgerald, Ahmad Othman, Emily Holland, Zinullah Ghaznawi
Capstone Design Expo Posters
This senior design project is sponsored by Newport News Shipbuilding. The objective of this project is to design a pipe hanger system that could be installed during initial fabrication while still allowing adjustment when the pipe path deviates from the initial drawings. The design must be cheap and utilize already existing parts. One key constraint is to hold a load of 250 pounds and withstand a velocity between 100-120 inches per second. The original design created utilizes a C-channel track attached to the ceiling and a spring locking mechanism to provide flexibility. This final design eliminated the spring device with …