Engineering Commons^™

The Use Of Co-Culturing In Solid Substrate Cultivation And Possible Solutions To Scientific Challenges, Wanying Yao, Sue E. Nokes

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

This perspective systematically summarizes the use of solid substrate co‐cultures in agriculture, food, plant, and industrial biotechnology applications. The summarization is organized by organism, i.e. fungus, bacteria, yeast and then co‐cultivation of either two or three organisms. Generally, in solid substrate co‐culture, the organisms synergistically penetrate and degrade the solid substrate, thereby increasing product yield and productivity over a monoculture. Efforts to increase co‐culture performance include optimizing process parameters (pH, temperature, moisture, and oxygen demand) and defining the acceptable types of substrate. Scientific challenges exist in understanding the interactions between microbial stains, such as viability, suite of products, and bio‐transformations. …

Influence Of Media Composition On The Growth Rate Of Chlorella Vulgaris And Scenedesmus Acutus Utilized For Co2 Mitigation, Czarena L. Crofcheck, Xinyi E, Aubrey Shea, Michael D. Montross, Mark Crocker, Rodney Andrews

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have increased since the industrial revolution due to increasing combustion of fossil fuels. One possible CO₂ mitigation strategy is the use of microalgae for mitigation of CO₂. This paper focuses on the influence of media composition on the growth rate of two microalgae strains, Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus actus. A KNO₃ based medium was found to work better for Chlorella, while a urea based equivalent worked better for Scenedesmus. The urea based media investigated here resulted in growth similar to that found with previously reported KNO₃ based media. …

Poster Session, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• The New Kentucky Nitrogen and Phosphorus Risk Assessment Tool to Protect Water Quality, Tibor Horvath and others, USDA-NRCS, Lexington, KY
• Groundwater Phosphorus in Kentucky Relative to Karst, Groundwater Sensitivity, and Groundwater Physiographic Region, Caroline Chan, Kentucky Division of Water, Frankfort, KY
• Comparison of Irrigation Scheduling Based on Daily Water Use or Plant Water Demand of Container Grown Nursery Plants, Susmitha Nambuthiri and others, Dept of Horticulture, UK
• Arsenic Species in Broiler (Gallus gallus domesticus) Litter, Soils, Maize (Zea mays L.), and Groundwater from Litter-Amended Fields, Georgia Zeigler and others, Dept Plant and Soil Science, UK
• Cyberinfrastructure …

Session 2d, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• A Stability Index for Northern Kentucky Streams, Bob Hawley and others, Sustainable Streams, LLC, Louisville, KY
• The Gunpowder and Woolper Creek Watershed Initiatives, Local Cases of a National Problem, Mark Jacobs and others, Boone County Conservation District, Burlington, KY
• Watershed-Scale Model of Carbon and Nitrogen Cycles in Streams, William Ford and Jimmy Fox, Dept of Civil Engineering, UK
• Sensor Network for Suspended Sediment Monitoring, Robert Stewart and others, Dept of Civil Engineering, UK

Session 2c, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Mercury Bioaccumulation and the Impact of Stream Basin Characteristics on Susceptible Populations: Policy Implications for Kentucky, Caroline Chan, Kentucky Division of Water, Frankfort, KY
• Asian Carp in Kentucky Waters: An Ecological Disaster? Ron Brooks, Kentucky Dept of Fish and Wildlife Resources, Frankfort, KY
• Effects of Streambed Sediments on the Fate of Selenium in Eastern Kentucky Watersheds Contaminated with Surface Coal Mining Operations, Edward Fisher and Yi-Tin Wang, Dept of Civil Engineering, UK
• Thermal Dependence of Solvation Geometries in Aqueous Nitrate Ion Solutions, Matthew Nee, Dept of Chemistry, WKU, Bowling Green, KY
• The Combined Effects of Atrazine and …

Session 2b, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Developing a Vegetation-Based Index of Biotic Integrity for Assessing the Ecological Condition of Wetlands in Kentucky, Tanner Morris and others, Dept of Biological Sciences, EKU, Richmond, KY
• Using Vegetation and Landscape Analysis to Validate a Wetland Rapid Assessment Method for Kentucky's Forested Riparian Wetlands, JohnRyan Polascik and others, Dept of Biological Sciences, EKU, Richmond, KY
• Improving Overall Stream Function Beyond the Channel (Opportunity Meets Necessity), Oakes Routt and Wanda Lawson, Stantec Consulting Services Inc., Louisville, KY
• The Effects of Prescribed Fire Restoration on Amphibian and Reptile Diversity, Robert Knopp and others, Murray State University, Murray, KY …

Session 2a: Developing Post-Incident Risk Communication Guidelines For Intentional Water Contamination Events, Pamela Cupp, Shari R. Veil, Timothy L. Sellnow, H. Dan O'Hair, Nicole Staricek, Katy Anthony, Laura Young, Chike Anyaegbunam, Charles B. Madinger, Anna Goodman Hoover

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

This panel will discuss a US EPA-funded research project intended to improve risk communication for post-incident decontamination and clearance activities associated with intentional contamination of a water system. The study incorporates two complementary methods conducted in successive phases. The recently-completed first phase included robust case study analyses of risk communication related to recent and significant contamination incidents. The second phase, which is currently underway, will identify ways in which disparate stakeholder groups in a metropolitan area differentially perceive risk and subsequent risk communication efforts.

Session 1d, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Subwatershed Clustering Based on Geomorphic and Human Induced Landscape Modifications: The Commonwealth of Kentucky, Brian Lee and others, Dept of Landscape Architecture, UK
• Imperviousness and Greenness: Extracting Watershed Metrics from Bi-Temporal, Multispectral Aerial Imagery and LiDAR, Demetrio Zourarakis, Commonwealth Office of Technology, Frankfort, KY
• Landscape Scale Assessment of Soil Moisture Variability using Auxiliary Sensing Technologies and Multivariate Geostatistics, Carla Landrum and others, Dept of Plant and Soil Sciences, UK
• Field -Scale Bromide Leaching as Affected by Land Use and Rainfall Characteristics, Yang Yang, Dept of Plant and Soil Science, UK

Session 1c, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Engaging Partners in the Cane Rune Watershed, Carol Hanley and others, College of Agriculture, UK
• Water Quality Monitoring Results from the McConnell Springs Stormwater Quality Wetland Pond and Gainseway Pond Retrofit Project, David Price and Susan Plueger, Lexington-Fayette County Government, Lexington, KY
• Hydrologic Characterization of a Tree- and Shrub-Vegetated Rain Garden in Central Kentucky, John McMaine and Carmen Agouridis, Dept Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, UK
• Watershed Based Planning in the Urban Wolf Run Watershed, Steven Evans, Third Rock Consultants, LLC, Lexington, KY
• Estimating Load Reduction Costs for Assessing Stormwater Best Management Practice (BMP) Feasibility: A Case …

Session 1b, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Flowing Onward: Mapping New Program Directions for the Kentucky Geological Survey's Water Resources Section, Charles Taylor, KGS, UK
• The Presence of 17-β Estradiol and Fluoroquinolones in Kentucky's Surface Waters, E. Glynn Beck and others, KGS, Henderson, KY
• Mapping Karst Sinkholes Using LiDAR - A Pilot Study in Floyds Fork Watershed, Central Kentucky, Patrick Taylor and others, KGS, UK
• Changes in the Kentucky Groundwater Data Repository Search Engines, Bart Davidson, KGS, UK
• Groundwater Discharge at the Kentucky Horse Park KWIS Station, James Currens and Mike Farwell, KGS, UK

Session 1a, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Development and Testing of a New Phosphorus Index for Kentucky, Carl Bolster and others, USDA-ARS, Bowling Green, KY
• The New Kentucky Nitrogen and Phosphorus Risk Assessment Tool to Protect Water Quality, Tibor Horvath and others, USDA-NRCS, Lexington, KY
• Herbicide Transport Within Shallow Karst Groundwater on Kentucky's Pennyroyal Plateau Beneath Row Crop Agriculture, Chris Groves and others, Hoffman Environmental Research Institute, WKU, Bowling Green, KY
• Groundwater Tracing in the West Pennyrile Karst Region, Robert Blair and Jessica Moore, Kentucky Division of Water, Frankfort, KY

Proceedings Of 2013 Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

This symposium was planned and conducted as a part of the state water resources research institute annual program that is supported by Grant/Cooperative Agreement Number G11AP20081 from the United States Geological Survey. The contents of this proceedings document and the views and conclusions presented at the symposium are solely the responsibility of the individual authors and presenters and do not necessarily represent the official views of the USGS or of the symposium organizers and sponsors. This publication is produced with the understanding that the United States Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for government purposes.

The Effects Of Hydrostatic Pressure On Early Endothelial Tubulogenic Processes, Ryan M. Underwood

Theses and Dissertations--Biomedical Engineering

The effects of mechanical forces on endothelial cell function and behavior are well documented, but have not been fully characterized. Specifically, fluid pressure has been shown to elicit physical and chemical responses known to be involved in the initiation and progression of endothelial cell-mediated vascularization. Central to the process of vascularization is the formation of tube-like structures. This process—tubulogenesis—is essential to both the physiological and pathological growth of tissues. Given the known effects of pressure on endothelial cells and its ubiquitous presence in the vasculature, we investigated pressure as a magnitude-dependent parameter for the regulation of endothelial tubulogenic activity. To …

Noninvasive Near-Infrared Diffuse Optical Monitoring Of Cerebral Hemodynamics And Autoregulation, Ran Cheng

Theses and Dissertations--Biomedical Engineering

Many cerebral diseases are associated with abnormal cerebral hemodynamics and impaired cerebral autoregulation (CA). CA is a mechanism to maintain cerebral blood flow (CBF) stable when mean arterial pressure (MAP) fluctuates. Evaluating these abnormalities requires direct measurements of cerebral hemodynamics and MAP. Several near-infrared diffuse optical instruments have been developed in our laboratory for hemodynamic measurements including near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS), hybrid NIRS/DCS, and dual-wavelength DCS flow-oximeter. We utilized these noninvasive technologies to quantify CBF and cerebral oxygenation in different populations under different physiological conditions/manipulations. A commercial finger plethysmograph was used to continuously monitor MAP. For investigating …

Influence Of Surface Modification On Properties And Applications Of Complex Engineered Nanoparticles, Binghui Wang

Theses and Dissertations--Chemical and Materials Engineering

Complex engineered nanoparticles (CENPs) are being used on various applications. Their properties are different from those of neat nanoparticles. The dissertation explores these differences from four aspects: 1) Modify carbon nanomaterials’ inert surfaces and investigate the effect on thermal and rheological behavior of their dispersions; 2) Generate self-assembly bi-layer structure of oxide nanoparticles via surface modification; 3) Study interaction between lysozyme and different surface-charged ceria nanoparticles; 4) Investigate the biodistribution and transformations of CENPs in biological media.

An environment-friendly surface modification was developed to modify surfaces of carbon nanomaterials for increasing their affinity to non-polar fluid. It can offset formation …

Evaluating Food Safety Systems Development And Implementation By Quantifying Haccp Training Durability, Marienne A. Anandappa

Theses and Dissertations--Animal and Food Sciences

HACCP-based food safety programs have been widely acclaimed, accepted and implemented as an effective means of managing food safety risks. While HACCP training is a cornerstone of managing HACCP programs, there is little information about the effectiveness of HACCP training and the durability of HACCP knowledge. Findings reveal a link between involvement level in HACCP activities and the accuracy of HACCP knowledge over time. Opportunities for peer training in HACCP, irrespective of overall experience in the food industry provide favorable circumstances for maintaining accuracy of HACCP knowledge. The optimal window for engaging employees in HACCP is directly following the completion …

Transformations, Bioavailability And Toxicity Of Manufactured Zno Nanomaterials In Wastewter, Sewwandi Rathnayake

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

In order to properly evaluate the ecological and human health risks of ZnO Manufactured nanomaterials (MNMs) released to the environment, it is critical to understand the likely transformation products in the wastewater treatment process and in soils receiving biosolids. To address this critical knowledge gap, we examined the transformation reactions of 30 nm ZnO MNMs in single component and multi-component systems, with phosphate and natural organic matter (NOM). We also assessed the influence of nano ZnO transformation on the bioavailability, and toxicity of ZnO transformation products to Triticum aestivum. The data revealed that ZnO MNMs react with phosphate at …

Modeling Of Biorefinery Supply Chain Economic Performance With Discrete Event Simulation, Joseph S. Amundson

Theses and Dissertations--Manufacturing Systems Engineering

As competition for fossil fuels accelerates, alternative sources of chemicals, fuels, and energy production become more appealing to researchers and the layman. Among the candidates to fill this growing niche is lignocellulosic biomass. Many researchers have examined supply chain design and optimization for biofuel and bioenergy production throughout the years. However, these models often fail to capture the variability and uncertainty inherent to the biomass supply chain. Multiple factors with high degrees of stochasticity can have major impacts on the performance of a biorefinery: weather, biomass quality, feedstock availability, and market demand for products are just a few. To begin …

Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute Annual Technical Report Fy 2012, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

KWRRI Annual Technical Reports (USGS’s 104b Grant Program)

The 2012 Annual Technical Report for Kentucky consolidates reporting requirements for the Section 104(b) base grant award into a single document that includes; 1) a synopsis of each research project that was conducted during the period, 2) citations for related publications, reports, and presentations, 3) a description of information transfer activities, 4) a summary of student support during the reporting period, and 5) notable awards and achievements during the year.

Engineering Novel Terpene Production Platforms In The Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Xun Zhuang

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

The chemical diversity and biological activities of terpene and terpenoids have served in the development of new flavors, fragrances, medicines and pesticides. While terpenes are made predominantly by plants and microbes in small amounts and as components of complex mixtures, chemical synthesis of terpenes remains technically challenging, costly and inefficient. In this dissertation, methods to create new yeast lines possessing a dispensable mevalonate biosynthetic pathway wherein carbon flux can be diverted to build any chemical class of terpene product are described. The ability of this line to generate diterpenes was next investigated. Using a 5.5 L fed bath fermentation system, …

Investigation Of Media Ingredients And Water Sources For Algae Co2 Capture At Different Scales To Demonstrate The Correlations Between Lab-Scale And Large-Scale Growth, Tabitha Graham

Theses and Dissertations--Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering

As energy use increases globally the environmental burdens increase alike. Many accusations have been made that carbon dioxide is a culprit of climate change. The University of Kentucky and Duke Energy Power have partnered to test carbon capture technology in a large scale project. To this end, the objective of this thesis is to investigate potential water media sources and nutrient sources at different volume scales for algae cultivation to help create a more environmentally viable and economically feasible solution. This work will conduct a life cycle assessment of water media sources and the effects of the inputs and outputs …