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A Review Of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells: Technology, Applications, And Needs On Fundamental Research, Yun Wang, Ken Chen, Jeffrey Mishler, Sung Chan Cho, Xavier Cordobes Adroher

US Department of Energy Publications

Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells, which convert the chemical energy stored in hydrogen fuel directly and efficiently to electrical energy with water as the only byproduct, have the potential to reduce our energy use, pollutant emissions, and dependence on fossil fuels. Great deal of efforts has been made in the past, particularly during the last couple of decades or so, to advance the PEM fuel cell technology and fundamental research. Factors such as durability and cost still remain as the major barriers to fuel cell commercialization. In the past two years, more than 35% cost reduction has been achieved …