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Articles 1 - 24 of 24
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Earth Abundant Thin Film Technology For Next Generation Photovoltaic Modules, Githin Alapatt
Earth Abundant Thin Film Technology For Next Generation Photovoltaic Modules, Githin Alapatt
All Dissertations
With a cumulative generation capacity of over 100 GW, Photovoltaics (PV) technology is uniquely poised to become increasingly popular in the coming decades. Although, several breakthroughs have propelled PV technology, it accounts for only less than 1% of the energy produced worldwide. This aspect of the PV technology is primarily due to the somewhat high cost per watt, which is dependent on the efficiency of the PV cells as well as the cost of manufacturing and installing them. Currently, the efficiency of the PV conversion process is limited to about 25% for commercial terrestrial cells; improving this efficiency can increase …
Steps Toward A Net-Zero Campus With Renewable Energy Resources, Andrew Clarke
Steps Toward A Net-Zero Campus With Renewable Energy Resources, Andrew Clarke
All Dissertations
With the increasing attention and support behind plug in hybrid electric vehicles, research must be conducted to examine the impacts of vehicles on electric distribution and transmission systems. This research aims first to model the behavior of vehicle battery chargers during system disturbances and mitigate any impacts. A distribution test system example is modeled and several different vehicle charger topologies are added. Faults are applied to the distribution system with vehicle chargers connected and the results are examined. Based on these results, a control strategy to mitigate their negative impacts is suggested. Photovoltaic panels are then added to the system …
Modeling Sustainability In Renewable Energy Supply Chain Systems, Fei Xie
Modeling Sustainability In Renewable Energy Supply Chain Systems, Fei Xie
All Dissertations
This dissertation aims at modeling sustainability of renewable fuel supply chain systems against emerging challenges. In particular, the dissertation focuses on the biofuel supply chain system design, and manages to develop advanced modeling framework and corresponding solution methods in tackling challenges in sustaining biofuel supply chain systems. These challenges include: (1) to integrate 'environmental thinking' into the long-term biofuel supply chain planning; (2) to adopt multimodal transportation to mitigate seasonality in biofuel supply chain operations; (3) to provide strategies in hedging against uncertainty from conversion technology; and (4) to develop methodologies in long-term sequential planning of the biofuel supply chain …
A Study Of The Regularity Of Autocorrelation Of Manipulation Of Wrist Motion During Eating, Xueting Yu
A Study Of The Regularity Of Autocorrelation Of Manipulation Of Wrist Motion During Eating, Xueting Yu
All Theses
This thesis considers the problem of detecting the eating activities (e.g. meals, snacks) of people by tracking their wrist motion. Our goal is to automatically de- tect the start and end times of eating activities during free-living. It builds upon previous work done by our research group [6] [7] [8] [21]. The detection is done by segmenting data into segments then classifying the segments as EA (eating activity) and NonEA (non-eating activity) using a Bayesian classier. Previous features used in the classier developed by our group included the sum of acceleration, the amount of manipulation, the amount of wrist roll …
A Device To Record Naturally Daily Wrist Motion, Surya Sharma
A Device To Record Naturally Daily Wrist Motion, Surya Sharma
All Theses
We introduce a new device to record and store wrist motion activity data. The motivation to create this device was the fact that this data can be used to detect periods of eating or the number of bites consumed. There is no similar device available in the market. This device uses new components that have been recently introduced to the market, and newer techniques that can be used for low quantity production. The production cost for this device was $52, similar to other fitness trackers on the market. The device was capable of recording wrist motion activity for 24 hours …
Design, Analysis And Implementation Of An Experimental System To Harvest Energy From Atmospheric Temperature Variations Using Ethyl Chloride Filled Bellows, Gibran Ali
All Theses
The increase in global warming and the dwindling supplies of fossil fuels have shifted the focus from traditional to alternate sources of energy. This has resulted in a concerted effort towards finding new energy sources as well as better understanding traditional renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power. In addition to the shift in focus towards alternate energy, the last two decades have offered a dramatic rise in the use of digital technologies such as wireless sensor networks that require small but isolated power supplies. Energy harvesting, a method to gather energy from ambient sources including sunlight, vibrations, …
Numerical Simulation Of The Heat Leakage At The Gasket Region Of Domestic Refrigerators, Feng Gao
Numerical Simulation Of The Heat Leakage At The Gasket Region Of Domestic Refrigerators, Feng Gao
All Theses
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations are performed to investigate the heat loss at the gasket of a standard over/under domestic refrigerator. The study numerically simulates a unique experimental test cell with only the gasket region exposed to the ambient environment and other parts protected by insulation (see picture below). The test cell is cubic with an interior cavity having dimensions 2' x 2' x 2' within which a heating element is placed to create a specified temperature difference. A matching set of door and side panels exposes a 2' width of the gasket region to heat transfer with the surroundings. …
Studies Of Imbalance Difference Theory In Modeling Conversion Between Differential Mode And Common Mode Signals, Li Niu
All Dissertations
This dissertation describes three related studies regarding the imbalance difference theory in modeling the conversion between differential mode and common mode/antenna mode signals. The topics covered are: rigorous derivation of imbalance difference theory for modeling radiated emission problems, modeling the conversion between differential mode and common mode propagation in transmission lines, and modeling the loading impedance on differential mode signals due to radiated emissions. The imbalance difference theory describes a method for calculating the coupling between differential mode signals and common mode signals due to changes in electrical balance on a transmission line. It provides both physical insight and a …
High Frequency Devices And Circuit Modules For Biochemical Microsystems, Jiwei Sun
High Frequency Devices And Circuit Modules For Biochemical Microsystems, Jiwei Sun
All Dissertations
This dissertation investigates high frequency devices and circuit modules for biochemical microsystems. These modules are designed towards replacing external bulky laboratory instruments and integrating with biochemical microsystems to generate and analyze signals in frequency and time domain. The first is a charge pump circuit with modified triple well diodes, which is used as an on-chip power supply. The second is an on-chip pulse generation circuit to generate high voltage short pulses. It includes a pulse-forming-line (PFL) based pulse generation circuit, a Marx generator and a Blumlein generator. The third is a six-port circuit based on four quadrature hybrids with 2.0~6.0 …
A Comprehensive Assessment Methodology Based On Life Cycle Analysis For On-Board Photovoltaic Solar Modules In Vehicles, Mahmoud Abdelhamid
A Comprehensive Assessment Methodology Based On Life Cycle Analysis For On-Board Photovoltaic Solar Modules In Vehicles, Mahmoud Abdelhamid
All Dissertations
This dissertation presents a novel comprehensive assessment methodology for using on-board photovoltaic (PV) solar technologies in vehicle applications. A well-to-wheels life cycle analysis based on a unique energy, greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, and economic perspective is carried out in the context of meeting corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards through 2025 along with providing an alternative energy path for the purpose of sustainable transportation. The study includes 14 different vehicles, 3 different travel patterns, in 12 U.S. states and 16 nations using 19 different cost analysis scenarios for determining the challenges and benefits of using on-board photovoltaic (PV) solar technologies …
An Experimental Investigation Towards Improvement Of Thermoelectric Properties Of Strontium Titanate Ceramics, Arash Mehdizadeh Dehkordi
An Experimental Investigation Towards Improvement Of Thermoelectric Properties Of Strontium Titanate Ceramics, Arash Mehdizadeh Dehkordi
All Dissertations
The direct energy conversion between heat and electricity based on thermoelectric effects is a topic of long-standing interest in condensed matter materials science. Experimental and theoretical investigations in order to understand the mechanisms involved and to improve the materials properties and conversion efficiency have been ongoing for more than half a century. While significant achievements have been accomplished in improving the properties of conventional heavy element based materials (such as Bi$_2$Te$_3$ and PbTe) as well as the discovery of new materials systems for the close-to-room temperature and intermediate temperatures, high-temperature applications of thermoelectrics is still limited to one materials system, …
A Study Of Automatic Detection And Classification Of Eeg Epileptiform Transients, Jing Zhou
A Study Of Automatic Detection And Classification Of Eeg Epileptiform Transients, Jing Zhou
All Dissertations
This Dissertation documents methods for automatic detection and classification of epileptiform transients, which are important clinical issues. There are two main topics: (1) Detection of paroxysmal activities in EEG; and (2) Classification of paroxysmal activities. This machine learning algorithms were trained on expert opinion which was provided as annotations in clinical EEG recordings, which are called 'yellow boxes' (YBs). The Dissertation describes improved wavelet-based features which are used in machine learning algorithms to detect events in clinical EEG. It also reveals the influence of electrode positions and cardinality of datasets on the outcome. Furthermore, it studies the utility of using …
Design And Demonstration Of A Two-Dimentional Test Bed For Uav Controller Evaluation, Ran Huang
Design And Demonstration Of A Two-Dimentional Test Bed For Uav Controller Evaluation, Ran Huang
All Theses
A three degree-of-freedom (DOF) planar test bed for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) controller evaluation was built. The test-bed consists of an instrumented tether and an experimental twin-rotor, planar UAV mounted with a one DOF manipulator mounted below the UAV body. The tether was constructed to constrain the UAV under test to motion on the surface of a sphere. Experiments can be conducted through the tether, approximating motion in a vertical plane by a UAV under test. The tether provides the means to measure the position and attitude of the UAV under test. The experimental twin-rotor UAV and one-link on-board manipulator, …
Automatically Measuring Individual Consumption Events During Natural Eating Using A Table Embedded Scale, Ryan Mattfeld
Automatically Measuring Individual Consumption Events During Natural Eating Using A Table Embedded Scale, Ryan Mattfeld
All Theses
This thesis is motivated to improve the tools available for tracking energy intake. The goal of this work is to develop a table-embedded scale capable of measuring the weight of individual consumption events during unrestricted eating. The method was tested on a data set gathered from 276 subjects eating 518 courses consisting of 22,383 marked individual consumption events in a cafeteria environment. Approximately 30% of the consumption events can be detected and weighed. The remaining 70% of the events occur without participants interacting with the scale or when noisy interactions with the scale prevent weight measurement. The relationship between bite …
Design And Simulation Of A Nerve Tracer System For Vagotomy Surgery, Guneet Bedi
Design And Simulation Of A Nerve Tracer System For Vagotomy Surgery, Guneet Bedi
All Theses
The vagus nerve is one of the most important nerves in the human body. It is associated with a plethora of functions one of them being acid secretion inside the stomach to aid in digestion. The cerebrum part of the brain initiates an action potential that is propagated along the vagus nerve to the parietal cells that secrete acid. In some cases, the cerebrum over stimulates the parietal cells leading to excess acid secretion, more than is needed for the digestion process. This excess acid leads to the formation of open sores along the stomach lining called gastric/peptic ulcers. In …
Unified Dynamics And Control Of A Robot Manipulator Mounted On A Vtol Aircraft Platform, Peng Xu
Unified Dynamics And Control Of A Robot Manipulator Mounted On A Vtol Aircraft Platform, Peng Xu
All Dissertations
An innovative type of mobile manipulator, designated Manipulator on VTOL (Vertical Take-Off and Landing) Aircraft (MOVA), is proposed as a potential candidate for autonomous execution of field work in less-structured indoor and outdoor environments. Practical use of the MOVA system requires a unified controller that addresses the coupled and complex dynamics of the composite system; especially the interaction of the robotic manipulator with the aircraft airframe. Model-based controller design methods require explicit dynamics models of the MOVA system. Preliminary investigation of a two-dimensional MOVA system toward a dynamics model and controller design is presented in preparation for developing the controller …
Ultra-Wideband Position Tracking On An Assembly Line, Harikrishnan Ravikrishnan
Ultra-Wideband Position Tracking On An Assembly Line, Harikrishnan Ravikrishnan
All Theses
This works considers the problem of tracking objects on an assembly line using an ultra-wideband (UWB) positioning system. Assembly line tracking can be accomplished using touch sensors that physically detect when an object reaches a given location. Such tracking requires sensors placed throughout the entire assembly line, and only provides readings at the sensor locations. In contrast, UWB position tracking utilizes a set of sensors surrounding the whole area, enabling continuous position tracking with less infrastructure. Similar tracking can be accomplished using radio frequency identication (RFID) sensing, but this only provides readings when the parts are near RFID readers. The …
Inverse Problems Using Reduced Basis Method, Phil Gralla
Inverse Problems Using Reduced Basis Method, Phil Gralla
All Theses
Inverse Problems is a field of great interest for many applications, such as parameter identification and image reconstruction. The underlying models of inverse problems in many applications often involve Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). A Reduced Basis (RB) method for solving PDE based inverse problems is introduced in this thesis. The RB has been rigorously established as an efficient approach for solving PDEs in recent years. In this work, we investigate whether the RB method can be used as a regularization for solving ill-posed and nonlinear inverse problems using iterative methods. We rigorously analyze the RB method and prove convergence of …
Design Of A High Temperature Subsurface Thermal Energy Storage System, Qi Zheng
Design Of A High Temperature Subsurface Thermal Energy Storage System, Qi Zheng
All Theses
Solar thermal energy is taking up increasing proportions of future power generation worldwide. Thermal energy storage technology is a key method for compensating for the inherent intermittency of solar resources and solving the time mismatch between solar energy supply and electricity demand. However, there is currently no cost-effective high-capacity compact storage technology available (Bakker et al., 2008). The goal of this work is to propose a high temperature subsurface thermal energy storage (HSTES) technology and demonstrate its potential energy storage capability by developing a solar-HSTES-electricity generation system. In this work, main elements of the proposed system and their related state-of-art …
Design And Implementation Of A Real-Time Adaptive Oxygen Transfer Rate Estimator, Li Wang
Design And Implementation Of A Real-Time Adaptive Oxygen Transfer Rate Estimator, Li Wang
All Theses
Oxygen transfer rate (OTR) is the most signicant signal for aerobic bioprocess control, since most microbic metabolic activity relies on oxygen consumption. However, accurate estimation of OTR is challenging due to the difficulty of determining uncertain oxygen transfer parameters and system dynamics. This paper presents an adaptive estimator, which incorporates exhaust gas, stir speed and dissolved oxygen measurements, to predict the real-time OTR. The design of this estimator takes into account the headspace dilution effect, off-gas sensor dynamics and uncertain oxygen transfer parameters. Accurate and real-time OTR signal is derived by combining the low latency property of stir speed and …
Design And Analysis Of Electromagnetic Interference Filters And Shields, Andrew Mcdowell
Design And Analysis Of Electromagnetic Interference Filters And Shields, Andrew Mcdowell
All Dissertations
Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is a problem of rising prevalence as electronic devices become increasingly ubiquitous. EMI filters are low pass filters intended to prevent the conducted electric currents and radiated electromagnetic fields of a device from interfering with the proper operation of other devices. Shielding is a method, often complementary to filtering, that typically involves enclosing a device in a conducting box in order to prevent radiated EMI. This dissertation includes three chapters related to the use of filtering and shielding for preventing electromagnetic interference. The first chapter deals with improving the high frequency EMI filtering performance of surface mount …
Using Hidden Markov Models To Segment And Classify Wrist Motions Related To Eating Activities, Raul Ramos Garcia
Using Hidden Markov Models To Segment And Classify Wrist Motions Related To Eating Activities, Raul Ramos Garcia
All Dissertations
Advances in body sensing and mobile health technology have created new opportunities for empowering people to take a more active role in managing their health. Measurements of dietary intake are commonly used for the study and treatment of obesity. However, the most widely used tools rely upon self-report and require considerable manual effort, leading to underreporting of consumption, non-compliance, and discontinued use over the long term. We are investigating the use of wrist-worn accelerometers and gyroscopes to automatically recognize eating gestures. In order to improve recognition accuracy, we studied the sequential ependency of actions during eating. In chapter 2 we …
Analysis And Mitigation Of Impacts Of Plug-In Electric Vehicles On Distribution System During Faults, Himanshu Bihani
Analysis And Mitigation Of Impacts Of Plug-In Electric Vehicles On Distribution System During Faults, Himanshu Bihani
All Theses
With rising concerns for environment, energy security and gasoline prices, penetration of plug-in electric vehicles (PEV) is bound to increase in the distribution system. The load characteristics of the distribution system with PEVs will be considerably different and hence its effects on the system needs to evaluated. Determination of the characteristics of the impacts will help utilities to prepare methodologies in advance to accommodate this new kind of load. Batteries of most of these vehicles will be charged using a single phase power electronic chargers. To study impact of these chargers on distribution system during fault and fault recovery is …
Emc In Power Electronics And Pcb Design, Chentian Zhu
Emc In Power Electronics And Pcb Design, Chentian Zhu
All Dissertations
This dissertation consists of two parts. Part I is about Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) in power electronics and part II is about the Maximum Radiated Electromagnetic Emissions Calculator (MREMC), which is a software tool for EMC in printed circuit board (PCB) design. Switched-mode power converters can be significant sources of electromagnetic fields that interfere with the proper operation of nearby circuits or distant radio receivers. Part I of this dissertation provides comprehensive and organized information on the latest EMC developments in power converters. It describes and evaluates different technologies to ensure that power converters meet electromagnetic compatibility requirements. Chapters 2 and …