Electroacoustic Assessment Of Hearing Aids And Psaps, Manan Sheel

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Hearing aids and personal sound amplification products (PSAPs) are commonly used assistive devices for treating hearing loss. Due to the diversity in the hardware and signal processing algorithms in these devices, comprehensive verification of their performance is essential. Existing standards for assistive hearing devices are primarily used for quality control purposes and do not quantify their performance in a perceptually-relevant manner. This thesis developed a comprehensive electroacoustic testing toolbox for hearing devices that encompasses both quality control and perceptually-relevant measures. In particular, a test sequence was developed to assess the effectiveness of noise reduction feature in assistive hearing devices. Several …

Objective Assessment Of Machine Learning Algorithms For Speech Enhancement In Hearing Aids, Krishnan Parameswaran

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Speech enhancement in assistive hearing devices has been an area of research for many decades. Noise reduction is particularly challenging because of the wide variety of noise sources and the non-stationarity of speech and noise. Digital signal processing (DSP) algorithms deployed in modern hearing aids for noise reduction rely on certain assumptions on the statistical properties of undesired signals. This could be disadvantageous in accurate estimation of different noise types, which subsequently leads to suboptimal noise reduction. In this research, a relatively unexplored technique based on deep learning, i.e. Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), is used to perform noise reduction and …

Performance Enhancement Of Ieee 802.11ax In Ultra-Dense Wireless Networks, Jiyang Bai

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

IEEE 802.11ax, which is one emerging WLAN standard, aims at providing highly efficient communication in ultra-dense wireless networks. However, due to a large number of stations (STAs) in dense deployment scenarios and diverse services to be supported, there are many technical challenges to be overcome. Firstly, the potential high packet collision rate significantly degrades the network efficiency of WLAN. In this thesis, we propose an adaptive station (STA) grouping scheme to overcome this challenge in IEEE 802.11ax using Uplink OFDMA Random Access (UORA). In order to achieve optimal utilization efficiency of resource units (RUs), we first analyze the relationship between …

Current Implementation Of The Flooding Time Synchronization Protocol In Wireless Sensor Networks, Asma Khalil

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Time synchronization is an issue that affects data accuracy within wireless sensor networks (WSNs). This issue is due to the complex nature of the wireless medium and can be mitigated with accurate time synchronization. This research focuses on the Flooding Time Synchronization Protocol (FTSP) since it is considered as the gold standard for accuracy in WSNs. FTSP minimizes the synchronization error by executing an algorithm that creates a unified time for the network reporting micro-second accuracy. Most synchronization protocols use the FTSP implementation as a benchmark for comparison. The current and only FTSP implementation runs on the TinyOS platform and …

Continuous Monitoring Of Neutral Grounding Resistors And Reactors, Rahim Jafari

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Electrical power system components are designed three-phase balanced and symmetric with the internal connection of wye or delta. The common point of the wye-connected equipment, which is called neutral, is impedance grounded for many reasons such as fault ride through by controlling transient overvoltages, and limiting the ground overcurrents. Depending on the application, different neutral impedance grounding methods exist that employ resistors or reactors with/without neutral grounding transformers. These apparatuses are known as Neutral Grounding Devices (NGD). The most well-known sort of NGDsarethe Neutral Grounding Resistor (NGR) and Neutral Grounding Reactor (NGL) which are the main focus of this research …

Spectral And Energy Efficient Communication Systems And Networks, Abdulbaset Hamed

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

In this thesis, design and analysis of energy- and spectral-efficient communication and cellular systems in micro wave and millimeter wave bands are considered using the following system performance metrics: i) Energy efficiency; ii) Spectral efficiency; iii) Spatial spectral efficiency; iv) Spatial energy efficiency, and v) Bit error rate. Statistical channel distributions, Nakagami-m and Generalized-K, and path loss models, Line of Sight (LOS) and Non-Line of Sight (NLOS), are used to represent the propagation environment in these systems. Adaptive M-QAM and M-CPFSK communication systems are proposed to enhance their efficiency metrics as a function of Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) over the channel. …

Generalized Scattering-Based Stabilization Of Nonlinear Interconnected Systems, Anastasiia Usova

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The research presented in this thesis is aimed at development of new methods and techniques for stability analysis and stabilization of interconnections of nonlinear systems, in particular, in the presence of communication delays. Based on the conic systems' formalism, we extend the notion of conicity for the non-planar case where the dimension of the cone's central subspace may be greater than one. One of the advantages of the notion of non-planar conicity is that any dissipative system with a quadratic supply rate can be represented as a non-planar conic system; specifically, its central subspace and radius can be calculated using …

A Biomechanical And Physiological Signal Monitoring System For Four Degrees Of Upper Limb Movement, Allison R. Goldman

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

A lack of adherence to prescribed physical therapy regimens in improper healing results in poor outcomes for those affected by musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) of the upper limb. Societal and psychological barriers to proper adherence can be addressed through the system presented in this work consisting of the following components: an ambulatory biosignal acquisition sleeve, an electromyography (EMG) based motion repetition detection algorithm, and the design of a compatible capacitive EMG acquisition module.

The biosignal acquisition sleeve was untethered, unobtrusive to motion, contained only modular components, and collected biomechanical and physiological sensor data to form full motion profiles of the following …

Non-Pilot Protection Of The Inverter-Dominated Ac Microgrid, Houman Lahiji

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The main objective of this research is to develop reliable non-pilot protection and control strategies for the inverter-dominated microgrid. First, an improved Proportional-Derivative (PD) droop control strategy is proposed for enhanced disturbance response of the inverter-dominated AC microgrid. The proposed strategy significantly improves microgrid dynamic response and stability without requiring communication between distributed energy resources. Moreover, the impacts of large startup currents of induction motors on the stability and power quality of the inverter-dominated microgrid are investigates and recommendations for minimizing the associated adverse effects are made.

Subsequently, a fast, selective, and reliable protection strategy for the inverter-dominated microgrid is …

New Algorithms For Locating Faults In Series Capacitive Compensated Transmission Lines, Tirath Bains

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The precise location of the fault in a series capacitive compensated transmission line (SCCTL) plays an integral part in limiting the maintenance time following its tripping due to the occurrence of a permanent fault. Since, an SCCTL acts as a huge corridor of power, its outage will result in huge monetary losses which are directly proportion to the time it remains out of service. In worst case scenario, the tripping of an SCCTL might lead to the cascaded tripping of the parallel transmission lines due to overloading. Therefore, the need for an accurate and robust fault location algorithm for the …

Optimization And Management Techniques For Geo-Distributed Sdn-Enabled Cloud Datacenters' Provisioning, Khaled M. Alhazmi

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Cloud computing has become a business reality that impacts technology users around the world. It has become a cornerstone for emerging technologies and an enabler of future Internet services as it provides on-demand IT services delivery via geographically distributed data centers. At the core of cloud computing, virtualization technology has played a crucial role by allowing resource sharing, which in turn allows cloud service providers to offer computing services without discrepancies in platform compatibility.

At the same time, a trend has emerged in which enterprises are adopting a software-based network infrastructure with paradigms, such as software-defined networking, gaining further attention …

Automatic Recall Of Lessons Learned For Software Project Managers, Tamer Mohamed Abdellatif Mohamed

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Lessons learned (LL) records constitute a software organization’s memory of successes and failures. LL are recorded within the organization repository for future reference to optimize planning, gain experience, and elevate market competitiveness. However, manually searching this repository is a daunting task, so it is often overlooked. This can lead to the repetition of previous mistakes and missing potential opportunities, which, in turn, can negatively affect the organization’s profitability and competitiveness. In this thesis, we present a novel solution that provides an automatic process to recall relevant LL and to push them to project managers. This substantially reduces the amount of …

Recurrent Neural Network Architectures Toward Intrusion Detection, Wafaa Anani

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) show a remarkable result in sequence learning, particularly in architectures with gated unit structures such as Long Short-term Memory (LSTM). In recent years, several permutations of LSTM architecture have been proposed mainly to overcome the computational complexity of LSTM. In this dissertation, a novel study is presented that will empirically investigate and evaluate LSTM architecture variants such as Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), Bi-Directional LSTM, and Dynamic-RNN for LSTM and GRU specifically on detecting network intrusions. The investigation is designed to identify the learning time required for each architecture algorithm and to measure the intrusion prediction accuracy. …

Development Of Image-Based Surgical Planning Software For Bone-Conduction Implants, Carlos D. Salgado

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The BONEBRIDGE bone-conduction device is used to treat conductive and mixed hearing losses. The size of its floating mass transducer (FMT) can preclude implantation in certain anatomies, necessitating comprehensive surgical planning. Current techniques are time consuming and difficult to transfer to the operating room. The objective of this thesis was to develop software for calculating skull thickness to the dura mater to find locations for the FMT and to the first air cells which guarantee sufficient bone for the implant screws to grasp. Temporal bone computed tomography (CT) images were segmented and processed and custom Matlab code was written to …

Development Of An Emg-Based Muscle Health Model For Elbow Trauma Patients, Emma Farago

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions are a leading cause of pain and disability worldwide. Rehabilitation is critical for recovery from these conditions and for the prevention of long-term disability. Robot-assisted therapy has been demonstrated to provide improvements to stroke rehabilitation in terms of efficiency and patient adherence. However, there are no wearable robot-assisted solutions for patients with MSK injuries. One of the limiting factors is the lack of appropriate models that allow the use of biosignals as an interface input. Furthermore, there are no models to discern the health of MSK patients as they progress through their therapy.

This thesis describes the …

Investigation Of Opto-Mechanics In Thin-Film Photonic Crystal Membranes, Brett D. Poulsen

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Opto-mechanical interactions in photonic crystals (PC) require further investigation for their realization in practical applications. In particular their dynamic response and opto-mechanical coupling is not well understood. The static response of a thin-film 2D PC membrane was studied and the mechanical sensitivity of a static pressure sensor was increased by a factor of 4.9 times. A novel model formulation, correctly accounting for the fluid-structure interaction and the influence of nano-features, was developed to describe the dynamic response of a thin-film 2D PC membrane. The model accurately predicted damping response to within 10% as compared to experimental measurements. A novel 2D …

Optimization Modeling And Machine Learning Techniques Towards Smarter Systems And Processes, Abdallah Moubayed

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The continued penetration of technology in our daily lives has led to the emergence of the concept of Internet-of-Things (IoT) systems and networks. An increasing number of enterprises and businesses are adopting IoT-based initiatives expecting that it will result in higher return on investment (ROI) [1]. However, adopting such technologies poses many challenges. One challenge is improving the performance and efficiency of such systems by properly allocating the available and scarce resources [2, 3]. A second challenge is making use of the massive amount of data generated to help make smarter and more informed decisions [4]. A third challenge is …

Signal Identification In Discrete-Time Based On Internal-Model-Principle, Jie Chen

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

This work presents an implementation of a signal identification algorithm which is based on the internal model principle. By using several internal models in feedback with a tuning function, this algorithm can decompose a signal into narrow-band signals and identify the frequencies, amplitudes and relative phases. A desired band-pass filter response can be achieved by selecting appropriate coefficients of the controllers and tuning functions, which can reject the noise and improve the performance. To achieve a result with fast transient characteristics, this system is then modified by adding a low-pass filter. This work is based on the previous work in …

Real-Time Intrusion Detection Using Multidimensional Sequence-To-Sequence Machine Learning And Adaptive Stream Processing, Gobinath Loganathan

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

A network intrusion is any unauthorized activity on a computer network. There are host-based and network-based Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS's), of which there are each signature-based and anomaly-based detection methods. An anomalous network behavior can be defined as an intentional violation of the expected sequence of packets. In a real-time network-based IDS, incoming packets are treated as a stream of data. A stream processor takes any stream of data or events and extracts interesting patterns on the fly. This representation allows applying statistical anomaly detection using sequence prediction algorithms as well as using a stream processor to perform signature-based intrusion …

Transformerless High-Power Medium-Voltage Multi-Module Pv Converters, Hasan Bayat

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

This thesis is focused on the modular multilevel converter (MMC) for Photovoltaic (PV) applications. It is an attempt to address the issues associated with the modeling, control, and power mismatch elimination of the MMC-based PV systems. Firstly, a new real power reference generation scheme is proposed that creates a linear relationship between the real power reference of the system and the dc link voltage of the submodules. Further, a new power mismatch elimination strategy is proposed for the MMC-based PV system which ensures balanced currents are delivered to the host grid regardless of leg and arm power mismatches. The thesis …

Integration Of Rfid And Industrial Wsns To Create A Smart Industrial Environment, Ning Pan

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

A smart environment is a physical space that is seamlessly embedded with sensors, actuators, displays, and computing devices, connected through communication networks for data collection, to enable various pervasive applications. Radio frequency identification (RFID) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) can be used to create such smart environments, performing sensing, data acquisition, and communication functions, and thus connecting physical devices together to form a smart environment.

This thesis first examines the features and requirements a smart industrial environment. It then focuses on the realization of such an environment by integrating RFID and industrial WSNs. ISA100.11a protocol is considered in particular for …

Constant Envelope Dct- And Fft- Based Multicarrier Systems, Rayan Alsisi

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT)- and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)- based Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems with a variety of angle modulations are considered for data transmission. These modulations are used with the purpose of achieving Constant Envelope (CE) transmitted signals, for superior power efficiency with nonlinear High Power Amplifier (HPA), typically used at the transmitter in OFDM systems. Specifically, four angle modulations are considered: i) Phase Modulation (PM); ii) Frequency Modulation (FM); iii) Continuous Phase Modulation (CPM); and iv) Continuous Phase Chirp Modulation (CPCM). Descriptions of DCT- and FFT- based OFDM systems with M-ary Pulse Amplitude Modulation (MPAM) mapper, …

Privacy-Protection In Cooperative Distributed Systems, Ali Saleh

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The new form of digital computational capabilities and internet connectivity are promptly grow. This introduced a new form of computation that is emerging rapidly with cloud computing, mobile computing, wearable computing and the Internet-of-Things. All can be characterized as a class of “Cooperative Distributed Systems” (CDS) in open environment. A major drive of the growth involves massive number of people and organization, that has been engaged within their all daily life aspects and businesses activities. In this context, users’ privacy protection for a becoming crucial and essential requirement beyond the traditional approaches. This requires a formal treatment of “privacy …

Design Of An All-Dielectric Sublayer For Enhanced Transmittance In Stacked Antenna Array Applications, Matthew Bester

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

In spatially constrained applications, the overlapping of antenna arrays can be unavoidable and its presence can lead to a blockage in the line-of-sight for the underlying antennas. Although previous investigations focused predominantly on the contribution of the ground plane and feed network-which were resolved through the use of frequency selective surfaces and proper feed network design, respectively-it is believed that the ground plane, substrate, and patch regions can emplace a substantial combined impedance. To rectify the transmission through these layers, an all-dielectric implementation is suggested based on the properties of complementary media and Fabry-Perot resonance shifting phenomena. Consequently, both spherical …

Performance Enhancement By Exploiting The Spatial Domain For Cost, Space And Spectrum Constraint 5g Communication, Golara Zafari

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

With everlasting increase of connectivity demand and high speed data communication, lots of progresses have been made to provide a sufficient quality of services (QoS). Several advanced technologies have been the cornerstone of this trend in academia as well as in industry. Nevertheless, there are some implementation challenges, which needs to be closely investigated. In this thesis, among all challenges, we elaborate on those related to number of radio frequency (RF) chains and resource scarcity.

The principle idea behind our proposed initial solution is to exploit the spatial domain as an additional degree of freedom. To be more specific, we …

Efficient Traffic Management Algorithms For The Core Network Using Device-To-Device Communication And Edge Caching, Hessam Yousefi

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Exponentially growing number of communicating devices and the need for faster, more reliable and secure communication are becoming major challenges for current mobile communication architecture. More number of connected devices means more bandwidth and a need for higher Quality of Service (QoS) requirements, which bring new challenges in terms of resource and traffic management. Traffic offload to the edge has been introduced to tackle this demand-explosion that let the core network offload some of the contents to the edge to reduce the traffic congestion. Device-to-Device (D2D) communication and edge caching, has been proposed as promising solutions for offloading data. D2D …

Simplified Numerical Models In Simulating Corona Discharge And Ehd Flows, Sara Mantach

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Corona discharge is used in many practical applications. For designing and optimization of corona devices, the discharge phenomenon should be numerically simulated. Most often, the corona discharge model is simplified by neglecting the process dynamics and assuming a limited number of reactions and species. In the extreme case, monopolar corona models with just one species and no reactions are studied. However, there is a problem with determining boundary conditions for the space charge density. The simplest solution to this problem was suggested by Kaptzov, who hypothesized that the electric field on the electrode surface remains constant and equal to the …

Novel Channel Estimation Techniques For Next Generation Mimo-Ofdm Wireless Communication Systems: Design And Performance Analysis, Mohammed Zourob

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

During the last decade, major evolutions were introduced for Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) wireless communication systems. To reap the full benefits of MIMO systems, the Base Station (BS) and user equipments require accurate Channel State Information (CSI), which can be acquired using one of the two major approaches for Channel Estimation (CE): pilot-based or blind-based CE.

In this thesis, a pilot-based lower complexity channel estimator for Cell-Specific Reference Signals (C-RS) and User Equipment RS (UE-RS) in LTE-A Downlink (DL) system is proposed based on using a hybrid Wiener filter. The proposed system is a sub-optimum scheme that requires 8.8% …

Fabrication Of 3d Conjugated Polymer Structures Via Vat Polymerization Additive Manufacturing, Andrew T. Cullen

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Conjugated polymers are a class of electromechanically active materials that can produce motion in response to an electric potential. This motion can be harnessed to perform mechanical work, and therefore these materials are particularly well suited for use as sensors and actuators in microelectromechanical systems. Conventional methods to fabricate conjugated polymer actuators result in planar morphologies that limit fabricated devices to simplistic linear or bending actuation modes. To overcome this limitation, this work develops a conjugated polymer formulation and associated additive manufacturing method capable of realizing three-dimensional conductive polymer structures. A light-based additive manufacturing technique known as vat polymerization is …

Learning-Based Reference-Free Speech Quality Assessment For Normal Hearing And Hearing Impaired Applications, Haniyeh Salehi

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Accurate speech quality measures are highly attractive and beneficial in the design, fine-tuning, and benchmarking of speech processing algorithms, devices, and communication systems. Switching from narrowband telecommunication to wideband telephony is a change within the telecommunication industry which provides users with better speech quality experience but introduces a number of challenges in speech processing. Noise is the most common distortion on audio signals and as a result there have been a lot of studies on developing high performance noise reduction algorithms. Assistive hearing devices are designed to decrease communication difficulties for people with loss of hearing. As the algorithms within …