Engineering Commons^™

Biomechanical Analysis Of Ligament Modelling Techniques And Femoral Component Malrotation Following Tka, Liam A. Montgomery

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Previous studies have demonstrated that satisfaction and revision rates following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are lower than those of comparable surgeries such as total hip replacements. A leading cause for these revisions is joint instability which may be due to improper ligament balancing or poorly aligned surgical implants. One of the methods used to investigate biomechanical forces and kinematics is computational modelling of the post-operative TKA knee.

A unique knee model was used to investigate the biomechanical and kinematic effects of ligament model complexity, as well as the effects of simulating ligament wrapping versus ignoring ligament wrapping. We then used …

Biomaterial For Cervical Intervertebral Disc Prosthesis, Helium Mak

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Recent long-term follow-up studies have shown that the cervical disc arthroplasty treatment have potentials in developing surrounding heterotopic ossification (HO). While its cause requires further investigation, this thesis has hypothesized that it may be the result of the continual remodeling of the injured vertebrae caused by the prostheses with smaller footprints introducing abnormal stresses. The research objective of this thesis is to develop a new prosthesis material that can be molded into any form conforming to the size and shape of the end-plates of the affected patient vertebrae. For prototype development, a composite material consisting of 10wt% polyvinyl alcohol cryogel …

Development Of A Wireless Telemetry Load And Displacement Sensor For Orthopaedic Applications, William Anderson

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Due to sensor size and supporting circuitry, in vivo load and deformation measurements are currently restricted to applications within larger orthopaedic implants. The objective of this thesis is to repurpose a commercially available low-power, miniature, wireless, telemetric, tire-pressure sensor (FXTH87) to measure load and deformation for future use in biomechanical applications. The capacitive transducer membrane of the FXTH87 was modified, and a relationship was reported between applied compressive deformation and sensor signal value. The sensor package was embedded within a deformable enclosure to illustrate potential applications of the sensor for monitoring load. Finite element analysis was an effective tool to …

Snapshot Three-Dimensional Surface Imaging With Multispectral Fringe Projection Profilometry, Parsa Omidi

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Fringe Projection Profilometry (FPP) is a popular method for non-contact optical surface measurements, including motion tracking. The technique derives 3D surface maps from phase maps estimated from the distortions of fringe patterns projected onto the surface of an object. Estimation of phase maps is commonly performed with spatial phase retrieval algorithms that use a series of complex data processing stages. Researchers must have advanced data analysis skills to process FPP data due to a lack of availability of simple research-oriented software tools. Chapter 2 describes a comprehensive FPP software tool called PhaseWare^TM that allows novice to experienced users to …

Development Of A Wearable Haptic Feedback Device For Upper Limb Prosthetics Through Sensory Substitution, Marco B.S. Gallone

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Haptics can enable a direct communication pipeline between the artificial limb and the brain; adding haptic sensory feedback for prosthesis wearers is believed to improve operation without drawing too much of the user's attention. Through neuroplasticity, the brain can become more cognizant of the information delivered through the skin and may eventually interpret it as inherently as other natural senses. In this thesis, a wearable haptic feedback device (WHFD) is developed to communicate prosthesis sensory information. A 14-week, 6-stage, between subjects study was created to investigate the learning trajectory as participants were stimulated with haptic patterns conveying joint proprioception. 37 …

In-Clinic Functional Measurement And Analysis Of Knee Osteoarthritis Patients Undergoing Total Knee Replacement, Riley A. Bloomfield

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Prevalence of osteoarthritis is increasing as individuals are remaining active later in life. Since the knee is one of the most commonly affected joints and is involved in almost all daily activities, functional impairment has a substantial impact on overall health. Despite this increase, there currently exists no disease modifying drugs or treatments. Mild cases are managed with physiotherapeutic exercises and common anti-inflammatories but surgical intervention is required for more severe disease progression.

Total knee replacement as a treatment for osteoarthritis is a highly successful surgery that is effective at restoring knee function and reducing pain but still requires further …

Motion Intention Estimation Using Semg-Acc Sensor Fusion, Jose Alejandro Lopez

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Musculoskeletal injuries can severely impact the ability to produce and control body motion. In order to regain function, rehabilitation is often required. Wearable smart devices are currently under development to provide therapy and assistance for people with impaired arm function. Electromyography (EMG) signals are used as an input to pattern recognition systems to determine intended movements.

However, there is a gap between the accuracy of pattern recognition systems in constrained laboratory settings, and usability when used for detecting dynamic unconstrained movements. Motion factors such as limb position, interaction force, and velocity, are known to have a negative impact on the …