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Articles 1 - 26 of 26
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Commuting In Portland, Oregon: The Advantages Of Living Within A Transit Oriented Development Community Compared To Traditional Suburban Development By Comparing Environmental, Economic And Health Factors, Kyle Simpson
HIM 1990-2015
Transportation is a function that affects nearly all life decisions, but is often not given much thought by the average individual throughout their daily routines. Most of this complacency streams from the mainstream development patterns in the United States that have changed little from the end of World War II. During the immediate post-war years a perfect mix for suburban living came together: the mass production of automobiles, guaranteed mortgages from the federal government through the G.I. Bill, and in 1956 the passage of the National Interstate and Defense Highways Act. These factors, along with the dominate social paradigm that …
The Effects Of Assumption On Subspace Identification Using Simulation And Experiment Data, Yoonhwak Kim
The Effects Of Assumption On Subspace Identification Using Simulation And Experiment Data, Yoonhwak Kim
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In the modern dynamic engineering field, experimental dynamics is an important area of study. This area includes structural dynamics, structural control, and structural health monitoring. In experimental dynamics, methods to obtain measured data have seen a great influx of research efforts to develop an accurate and reliable experimental analysis result. A technical challenge is the procurement of informative data that exhibits the desired system information. In many cases, the number of sensors is limited by cost and difficulty of data archive. Furthermore, some informative data has technical difficulty when measuring input force and, even if obtaining the desired data were …
Integrated Data Fusion And Mining (Idfm) Technique For Monitoring Water Quality In Large And Small Lakes, Benjamin Vannah
Integrated Data Fusion And Mining (Idfm) Technique For Monitoring Water Quality In Large And Small Lakes, Benjamin Vannah
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Monitoring water quality on a near-real-time basis to address water resources management and public health concerns in coupled natural systems and the built environment is by no means an easy task. Furthermore, this emerging societal challenge will continue to grow, due to the ever-increasing anthropogenic impacts upon surface waters. For example, urban growth and agricultural operations have led to an influx of nutrients into surface waters stimulating harmful algal bloom formation, and stormwater runoff from urban areas contributes to the accumulation of total organic carbon (TOC) in surface waters. TOC in surface waters is a known precursor of disinfection byproducts …
Experimental And Numerical Investigations On Bond Durability Of Cfrp Strengthened Concrete Members Subjected To Environmental Exposure, Haider Al-Jelawy
Experimental And Numerical Investigations On Bond Durability Of Cfrp Strengthened Concrete Members Subjected To Environmental Exposure, Haider Al-Jelawy
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have become an attractive alternative to conventional methods for external-strengthening of civil infrastructure, particularly as applied to flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) members. However, durability of the bond between FRP composite and concrete has shown degradation under some aggressive environments. Although numerous studies have been conducted on concrete members strengthened with FRP composites, most of those studies have focused on the degradation of FRP material itself, relatively few on bond behavior under repeated mechanical and environmental loading. This thesis investigates bond durability under accelerated environmental conditioning of two FRP systems commonly employed in civil …
Evaluating The Use Of Recycled Concrete Aggregate In French Drain Applications, Zachary Behring
Evaluating The Use Of Recycled Concrete Aggregate In French Drain Applications, Zachary Behring
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) is often used as a replacement of virgin aggregate in road foundations (base course), embankments, hot-mix asphalt, and Portland cement concrete. However, the use of RCA in exfiltration drainage systems, such as French drains, is currently prohibited in many states of the U.S. The French drain system collects water runoff from the road pavement and transfers to slotted pipes underground and then filters through coarse aggregate and geotextile. The primary concerns with using RCA as a drainage media are the fines content and the precipitation of calcium carbonate to cause a reducing in filter fabric permittivity. …
A Real-Time Crane Service Scheduling Decision Support System (Css-Dss) For Construction Tower Cranes, Amir Tork
A Real-Time Crane Service Scheduling Decision Support System (Css-Dss) For Construction Tower Cranes, Amir Tork
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The success of construction projects depends on proper use of construction equipment and machinery to a great extent. Thus, appropriate planning and control of the activities that rely on construction equipment could have significant effects on improving the efficiency of project operations. Cranes are the largest and most conspicuous construction equipment, widely used in typical construction sites. They play a major role in relocation of materials in horizontal and vertical directions on construction sites. Given the nature of activities relying on construction cranes in various stages of a project, cranes normally have control over the critical path of the project …
Evaluation Of The Biodegradability And Toxicity Of Pca And Mpca, Juan Rueda
Evaluation Of The Biodegradability And Toxicity Of Pca And Mpca, Juan Rueda
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The main types of hypergolic propellants used at Kennedy Space Center (KSC) are hydrazine (HZ) and monomethylhydrazine (MMH). HZ and MMH are classified as hazardous materials and they are also known to be potentially carcinogenic to humans; therefore, handling these substances and their waste is strictly regulated. The wastes streams from HZ and MMH have been estimated to be the main hazardous wastes streams at KSC. Currently at KSC these wastes are first neutralized using citric acid and then they are transported on public roads for incineration as hazardous materials. A new method using alpha ketoglutaric acid (AKGA) was proposed …
Development Of The Strategy To Select Optimum Reflective Cracking Mitigation Methods For The Hot-Mix Asphalt Overlays In Florida, Hamid Maherinia
Development Of The Strategy To Select Optimum Reflective Cracking Mitigation Methods For The Hot-Mix Asphalt Overlays In Florida, Hamid Maherinia
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) overlay is a major rehabilitation treatment for the existing deteriorated pavements (both flexible and rigid pavements). Reflective cracking (RC) is the most common distress type appearing in the HMA overlays which structurally and functionally degrades the whole pavement structure, especially under high traffic volume. Although many studies have been conducted to identify the best performing RC mitigation technique, the level of success varies from premature failure to good performance in the field. In Florida, Asphalt Rubber Membrane Interlayers (ARMIs) have been used as a RC mitigation technique but its field performance has not been successful. In …
Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment Framework For The U.S. Built Environment, Murat Kucukvar
Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment Framework For The U.S. Built Environment, Murat Kucukvar
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The overall goals of this dissertation are to investigate the sustainability of the built environment, holistically, by assessing its Triple Bottom Line (TBL): environmental, economic, and social impacts, as well as propose cost-effective, socially acceptable, and environmentally benign policies using several decision support models. This research is anticipated to transform life cycle assessment (LCA) of the built environment by using a TBL framework, integrated with economic input-output analysis, simulation, and multicriteria optimization tools. The major objectives of the outlined research are to (1) build a system-based TBL sustainability assessment framework for the sustainable built environment, by (a) advancing a national …
Sustainability Assessment Of Wind Energy For Buildings, Mehdi Noori
Sustainability Assessment Of Wind Energy For Buildings, Mehdi Noori
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Due to increasing concerns for global climate change, onshore and offshore wind energy technologies have stimulated a tremendous interest worldwide, and are considered as a viable solution to mitigate the environmental impacts related to electricity generation. Although wind energy technologies have been considered as one of the cleanest energy sources, they have a wide range of direct and indirect environmental impacts when the whole supply chain is considered. This study aims to quantify the direct and indirect environmental impacts of onshore and offshore wind power technologies by tracing all of the economy-wide supply chain requirements. To accomplish this goal, we …
Characterization Of Impact Damage And Fiber Reinforced Polymer Repair Systems For Metallic Utility Poles, Cara Johnson
Characterization Of Impact Damage And Fiber Reinforced Polymer Repair Systems For Metallic Utility Poles, Cara Johnson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Previous studies have demonstrated that the behavior of fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs) bonded to metallic utility poles are governed by the following failure modes; yielding of the metallic substrate, FRP tensile rupture, FRP compressive buckling, and debonding of FRP from the substrate. Therefore, an in situ method can be devised for the repair of utility poles, light poles, and mast arms that returns the poles to their original service strength. This thesis investigates the effect of damage due to vehicular impact on metallic poles, and the effectiveness of externally-bonded FRP repair systems in restoring their capacity. Damage is simulated experimentally …
Monitoring For Underdetermined Underground Structures During Excavation Using Limited Sensor Data, Nader Mehdawi
Monitoring For Underdetermined Underground Structures During Excavation Using Limited Sensor Data, Nader Mehdawi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A realistic field monitoring application to evaluate close proximity tunneling effects of a new tunnel on an existing tunnel is presented. A blind source separation (BSS)-based monitoring framework was developed using sensor data collected from the existing tunnel while the new tunnel was excavated. The developed monitoring framework is particularly useful to analyze underdetermined systems due to insufficient sensor data for explicit input force-output deformation relations. The analysis results show that the eigen-parameters obtained from the correlation matrix of raw sensor data can be used as excellent indicators to assess the tunnel structural behaviors during the excavation with powerful visualization …
Near-Road Dispersion Modeling Of Mobile Source Air Toxics (Msats) In Florida, Kurt Westerlund
Near-Road Dispersion Modeling Of Mobile Source Air Toxics (Msats) In Florida, Kurt Westerlund
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
There is a growing public concern that emissions of mobile source air toxics (MSATs) from motor vehicles may pose a threat to human health. At present, no state or federal agencies require dispersion modeling of these compounds, but many agencies are concerned about potential future requirements. Current air pollution professionals are familiar with Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requirements for dispersion modeling to produce predicted concentrations for comparison with appropriate standards. This research examined a method in which the potential near-road concentrations of MSATs were calculated. It was believed that by assessing MSATs in much …
In-Plant And Distribution System Corrosion Control For Reverse Osmosis, Nanofiltration, And Anion Exchange Process Blends, Samantha Jeffery
In-Plant And Distribution System Corrosion Control For Reverse Osmosis, Nanofiltration, And Anion Exchange Process Blends, Samantha Jeffery
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The integration of advanced technologies into existing water treatment facilities (WTFs) can improve and enhance water quality; however, these same modifications or improvements may adversely affect finished water provided to the consumer by public water systems (PWSs) that embrace these advanced technologies. Process modification or improvements may unintentionally impact compliance with the provisions of the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s (USEPA’s) Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). This is especially true with respect to corrosion control, since minor changes in water quality can affect metal release. Changes in metal release can have a direct impact on a water purveyor’s compliance with …
Study Of The Effect Of Surface Morphology On Mass Transfer And Fouling Behavior Of Reverse Osmosis And Nanofiltration Membrane Processes, Yuming Fang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes are pressure driven, diffusion controlled process. The influence of surface characteristics on membrane process performance is considered significant and is not well understood. Current mass transport models generally assume constant mass transfer coefficients (MTCs) based on a homogeneous surface. This work evaluated mass transfer processes by incorporating surface morphology into a diffusion-based model assuming MTCs are dependent on the thickness variation of the membrane’s active layer. To mathematically create such a surface layer, Gaussian random vectors embedded in a software system (MATLAB) were used to generate a three-dimensional ridge and valley active layer …
Non-Destructive Evaluation Of Concrete Structures Using High Resolution Digital Image And Infrared Thermography Technology, Azusa Watase
Non-Destructive Evaluation Of Concrete Structures Using High Resolution Digital Image And Infrared Thermography Technology, Azusa Watase
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
As existing bridge structures age, they are susceptible to the effects of deterioration, damage and other deleterious processes. These effects hamper the capacity and efficiency of transportation networks and adversely impact local, regional and national economic growth. As a result, bridge authorities and other professionals have become more sensitive to maintenance issues related to this aging infrastructure. While highway bridge condition have been monitored by visual inspection, non-destructive evaluation (NDE) technologies have also been developing and they are expected to be utilized for effective management of highway bridges or other civil infrastructure systems. Efficient use of these technologies saves time …
Multi-Physics Modeling Of Geomechanical Systems With Coupled Hydromechanical Behaviors, Ahmad Mohamed
Multi-Physics Modeling Of Geomechanical Systems With Coupled Hydromechanical Behaviors, Ahmad Mohamed
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Geotechnical structures under realistic field conditions are usually influenced with complex interactions of coupled hydromechanical behavior of porous materials. In many geotechnical applications, however, these important coupled interactions are ignored in their constitutive models. Under coupled hydromechanical behavior, stress in porous materials causes volumetric change in strain, which causes fluid diffusion; consequently, pore pressure dissipates through the pores that results in the consolidation of porous material. The objective of this research wasto demonstrate the advantages of using hydromechanical models to estimate deformation and pore water pressure of porous materials by comparing with mechanical-only models. Firstly, extensive literature survey was conducted …
Analytical And Experimental Study Of Monitoring For Chain-Like Nonlinear Dynamic Systems, Bryan Paul
Analytical And Experimental Study Of Monitoring For Chain-Like Nonlinear Dynamic Systems, Bryan Paul
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Inverse analysis of nonlinear dynamic systems is an important area of research in the eld of structural health monitoring for civil engineering structures. Structural damage usually involves localized nonlinear behaviors of dynamic systems that evolve into different classes of nonlinearity as well as change system parameter values. Numerous parametric modal analysis techniques (e.g., eigensystem realization algorithm and subspace identification method) have been developed for system identification of multi-degree-of-freedom dynamic systems. However, those methods are usually limited to linear systems and known for poor sensitivity to localized damage. On the other hand, non-parametric identification methods (e.g., artificial neural networks) are advantageous …
Chemophysical Characteristics And Application Of Biosorption Activated Media (Bam) For Copper And Nutrient Removal In Stormwater Management, Jamie Jones
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
For high groundwater table areas, stormwater wet detention ponds are utilized as the preferred stormwater management throughout the state of Florida. Previous research has found that accumulations of nutrients, algae, heavy metals, pesticides, chlorophyll a, fecal coliform bacteria and low concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO) are common characteristics of stormwater wet detention ponds. Although these pollutant levels are not regulated within the ponds, states are required to compute the pollutant load reductions through total maximum daily load (TMDL) programs to meet the water quality requirements addressed by the Clean Water Act (CWA). In this study, field sampling data of stormwater …
A Systems Approach To Sustainable Energy Portfolio Development, Saeed Hadian
A Systems Approach To Sustainable Energy Portfolio Development, Saeed Hadian
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Adequate energy supply has become one of the vital components of human development and economic growth of nations. In fact, major components of the global economy such as transportation services, communications, industrial processes, and construction activities are dependent on adequate energy resources. Even mining and extraction of energy resources, including harnessing the forces of nature to produce energy, are dependent on accessibility of sufficient energy in the appropriate form at the desired location. Therefore, energy resource planning and management to provide appropriate energy in terms of both quantity and quality has become a priority at the global level. The increasing …
Ozone And Gac Treatment Of A Central Florida Groundwater For Sulfide And Disinfectant By-Product Control, Tara Lamoureux
Ozone And Gac Treatment Of A Central Florida Groundwater For Sulfide And Disinfectant By-Product Control, Tara Lamoureux
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This study evaluated the combination of ozone and granular activated carbon (GAC) treatment for the removal of sulfide and disinfection byproduct (DBP) precursors in drinking water at the pilot-scale. The research conducted was performed at the Auxiliary (Aux) and Main Water Treatment Plants (WTPs) in Sanford, Florida. Both WTPs rely upon groundwater sources that contain total sulfide ranging from 0.02 to 2.35 mg/L and total organic carbon (TOC) ranging from 0.61 to 2.20 mg/L. The Aux WTP’s raw water contains, on average, 88% more sulfide and 24% more TOC than the Main WTP. Haloacetic acids (HAA5) and total trihalomethanes (TTHMs) …
Sustainability Analysis Of Intelligent Transportation Systems, Tolga Ercan
Sustainability Analysis Of Intelligent Transportation Systems, Tolga Ercan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Commuters in urban areas suffer from traffic congestion on a daily basis. The increasing number of vehicles and vehicle miles traveled (VMT) are exacerbating this congested roadway problem for society. Although literature contains numerous studies that strive to propose solutions to this congestion problem, the problem is still prevalent today. Traffic congestion problem affects society’s quality of life socially, economically, and environmentally. In order to alleviate the unsustainable impacts of the congested roadway problem, Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) has been utilized to improve sustainable transportation systems in the world. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the sustainable impacts …
A Comparative Evaluation Of Fdsa,Ga, And Sa Non-Linear Programming Algorithms And Development Of System-Optimal Methodology For Dynamic Pricing On I-95 Express, Don Graham
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
As urban population across the globe increases, the demand for adequate transportation grows. Several strategies have been suggested as a solution to the congestion which results from this high demand outpacing the existing supply of transportation facilities. High –Occupancy Toll (HOT) lanes have become increasingly more popular as a feature on today’s highway system. The I-95 Express HOT lane in Miami Florida, which is currently being expanded from a single Phase (Phase I) into two Phases, is one such HOT facility. With the growing abundance of such facilities comes the need for indepth study of demand patterns and development of …
Real-Time Traffic Safety Evaluation Models And Their Application For Variable Speed Limits, Rongjie Yu
Real-Time Traffic Safety Evaluation Models And Their Application For Variable Speed Limits, Rongjie Yu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Traffic safety has become the first concern in the transportation area. Crashes have cause extensive human and economic losses. With the objective of reducing crash occurrence and alleviating crash injury severity, major efforts have been dedicated to reveal the hazardous factors that affect crash occurrence at both the aggregate (targeting crash frequency per segment, intersection, etc.,) and disaggregate levels (analyzing each crash event). The aggregate traffic safety studies, mainly developing safety performance functions (SPFs), are being conducted for the purpose of unveiling crash contributing factors for the interest locations. Results of the aggregate traffic safety studies can be used to …
Assessment, Optimization, And Enhancement Of Ultrafiltration (Uf) Membrane Processes In Potable Water Treatment, Christopher Boyd
Assessment, Optimization, And Enhancement Of Ultrafiltration (Uf) Membrane Processes In Potable Water Treatment, Christopher Boyd
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation reports on research related to ultrafiltration (UF) membranes in drinking water applications. A pilot-scale investigation identified seasonal surface water quality impacts on UF performance and resulted in the development of a dynamic chemically enhanced backwash protocol for fouling management. Subsequent analysis of UF process data revealed limitations with the use of specific flux, transmembrane pressure (TMP), and other normalization techniques for assessing UF process fouling. A new TMP balance approach is presented that identifies the pressure contribution of membrane fouling and structural changes, enables direct process performance comparisons at different operating fluxes, and distinguishes between physically and chemically …
Development Of A Chemical Kinetic Model For A Fluidized-Bed Sewage Sludge Gasifier, Wyatt Champion
Development Of A Chemical Kinetic Model For A Fluidized-Bed Sewage Sludge Gasifier, Wyatt Champion
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
As the need for both sustainable energy production and waste minimization increases, the gasification of biomass becomes an increasingly important process. What would otherwise be considered waste can now be used as fuel, and the benefits of volume reduction through gasification are seen in the increased lifespan of landfills. Fluidized-bed gasification is a particularly robust technology, and allows for the conversion of most types of waste biomass. Within a fluidized-bed gasifier, thermal medium (sand) is heated to operating temperature (around 1350°F) and begins to fluidize due to the rapid expansion of air entering the bottom of the reactor. This fluidization …