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Planning For Intermittent Water Supply In Small Gravity-Fed Distribution Systems: Case Study In Rural Panama, Frank B. Dubasik
Planning For Intermittent Water Supply In Small Gravity-Fed Distribution Systems: Case Study In Rural Panama, Frank B. Dubasik
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Intermittent water supply (IWS) is defined as a piped water distribution system that operates in an intermittent fashion, i.e. less than 24 hours per day. Piped water distribution systems are designed to operate with continuous water supply (CWS), meaning the system is operated continuously and maintains positive pressures in the distribution network. Operating a system in an intermittent fashion can cause inequality of access in a water distribution system. It may also result in lower water quality and wear and tear on the system.
In the community of Espavé, Panamá a new water system was installed and brought online in …