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2000

Engineering

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Articles 1 - 16 of 16

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

A Web-Based Interface For Storing And Executing Simulation Models, Paul Savory Dec 2000

A Web-Based Interface For Storing And Executing Simulation Models, Paul Savory

Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

The dominance of the Internet in the development of information and communication technology has made Web-based distributed solutions increasingly attractive. Apart from providing other services, the World Wide Web is being looked upon as an environment for hosting modeling and simulation applications. SIMAN is a simulation language that allows users to simulate discrete and continuous systems. In this research, a web-based interface or toolkit has been developed for storing and executing SIMAN simulation models over the Internet. This toolkit consists of a World Wide Web interface to SIMAN and a web-accessible database for storing user models. It provides users an …


High Performance Micropane Electron Beam Window, Roger A. Dougal, Shengyi Liu Nov 2000

High Performance Micropane Electron Beam Window, Roger A. Dougal, Shengyi Liu

Faculty Publications

A silicon disk etched so that it contains a multitude of microscopic and thin window panes (micropanes) can potentially transmit a larger average electron beam current density and absorb a smaller fraction of the beam energy than a common metal foil window. The enhanced performance is achieved by a combination of decreased power loss due to the extremely small window thickness (~1 μm), and increased conductive cooling due to the small diameter (~50 μm) of the micropanes and the large cross section of the honeycomb structure that supports the micropanes. Beam current densities up to 34 A/cm2 are permitted within …


The Systems Approach To Supply Chain Re-Engineering, Edward Sweeney Jun 2000

The Systems Approach To Supply Chain Re-Engineering, Edward Sweeney

Practitioner Journals

No abstract provided.


Research Ethics: An Introduction, Tom Regan Apr 2000

Research Ethics: An Introduction, Tom Regan

Ethics in Science and Engineering National Clearinghouse

Research Ethics: an Introduction focuses both on how Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR) fits into the field of applied ethics and on procedures for making decisions that have a moral component. Tom Regan presents “Morally Relevant Questions: A Check List” with the central theme of balancing conflicting obligations. We expand this discussion with several classic resources by well known experts in research ethics that articulate critical topics. We present a Case Study from The Association for Practical and Professional Ethics. We consider the question of professional codes and think about the toll of making the right decision. In the Additional …


The Mentoring Of Graduate Students, Margaret King Apr 2000

The Mentoring Of Graduate Students, Margaret King

Ethics in Science and Engineering National Clearinghouse

The Mentoring of Graduate Students presents basic issues that face both mentors and their protégés. Margaret King, the Graduate School, is our faculty guide for this module. We focus on some of the ethical values most central to the mentoring process such as justice and the idea of contracts. One of the challenges of the mentoring experience is that it involves rules and practices both tangible and intangible. Dr. King explores some of these intangibles- Right Attention, Right Balance, Right Empowerment and Right Boundaries- in the central essay and we focus on them additionally in our Central Theme section. We …


Responsible Authorship And Peer Review, James Wilson Apr 2000

Responsible Authorship And Peer Review, James Wilson

Ethics in Science and Engineering National Clearinghouse

Responsible Authorship and Peer Review presents the basic issues facing researchers at the publication stage of research. We focus on some of the ethical values particularly relevant to publication: honesty, objectivity, trust, collegiality, and the problem of power differentials. We present Jim Wilson’s Guidelines for Authors and the Office of Research Integrity (ORI) Guidelines: ORI has also posted extensive materials on authorship and peer review issues. We present a Case Study from The Association for Practical and Professional Ethics. We consider the challenges of peer review, especially in terms of innovation in research. In the Resources section, you will find …


Professional Responsibility And Codes Of Conduct, Nell Kriesberg Apr 2000

Professional Responsibility And Codes Of Conduct, Nell Kriesberg

Ethics in Science and Engineering National Clearinghouse

Professional Responsibility and Codes of Conduct presents an overview of major issues concerning professionalism as they relate to the Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR). Joe Herkert emphasizes both the micro (between individuals) and macro (between professionals and society) ethical dimensions of professional responsibility and codes of conduct. We compare ethical codes with aspects of moral theory, expanding the discussion with some of the classical readings for this topic. We present a case study from the Association for Practical and Professional Ethics. We consider the complex issue of whistle-blowing. We close with a sampling of additional resources.


Human Subjects In Research, Matt Ronning Apr 2000

Human Subjects In Research, Matt Ronning

Ethics in Science and Engineering National Clearinghouse

Human Subjects in Research presents basic ethical issues that face researchers when doing work with human participants. Matt Ronning, Assistant Vice Chancellor for Research Administration Sponsored Programs and Regulatory Compliance, (SPARCS) is our guide for this module. In the Overview section we review chapters from two well known textbooks on Research Ethics. In the Applied Ethics section we focus on the consent form as a contract and comment upon the recurring topics of Justice and Honesty as they apply particularly to human subjects. In the Central Theme section we review institutional guidelines, both at the national and institutional level, utilizing …


Rightdoing And Misconduct In Research, Rebeca Rufty, Nell Kriesberg Apr 2000

Rightdoing And Misconduct In Research, Rebeca Rufty, Nell Kriesberg

Ethics in Science and Engineering National Clearinghouse

Rightdoing and Research presents the major issues concerning research integrity and misconduct; we intend this to be more of a reference handbook than the other modules in the series. Our faculty expert for this module is Becky Rufty, the Graduate School. Concepts of Rightdoing and integrity are discussed, and we expand the discussion with several key articles in the evolution of research ethics literature. Ethical concerns about ambiguity and trust are explored, as is the idea of micro and Macroethics. We focus on the resources at NC State University for promoting research integrity, as well as national guidelines. We present …


Intellectual Property - Copyright, Peggy Hoon Apr 2000

Intellectual Property - Copyright, Peggy Hoon

Ethics in Science and Engineering National Clearinghouse

The goal of this module is to present the major issues surrounding intellectual property (IP): rather than attempt to discuss all four types of IP, trademarks, trade secrets, patents and copyright, we will focus on copyright. Our Faculty Expert for this module is Peggy Hoon, Director of the Scholarly Communications Center, NC State University. The Overview section presents two chapters from two well known textbooks on research ethics. In the Applied Ethics portion we discuss the idea of the labor contract and the idea of the Intellectual Commons to clarify some of the more complex issues. In the Central Theme …


Responsible Use Of Statistical Methods, Larry Nelson, Charles Proctor, Cavell Brownie Apr 2000

Responsible Use Of Statistical Methods, Larry Nelson, Charles Proctor, Cavell Brownie

Ethics in Science and Engineering National Clearinghouse

Responsible Use of Statistical Methods focuses on good statistical practices. In the Introduction we distinguish between two types of activities; one, those involving the study design and protocol (a priori) and two, those actions taken with the results (post hoc.) We note that right practice is right ethics, the distinction between a mistake and misconduct and emphasize the importance of how the central hypothesis is stated. The Central Essay, Identification of Outliers in a Set of Precision Agriculture Experimental Data by Larry A. Nelson, Charles H. Proctor and Cavell Brownie, is a good paper to study. The Applied Ethics section …


Science And The Media: Ethics Issues, Joann Burkholder Apr 2000

Science And The Media: Ethics Issues, Joann Burkholder

Ethics in Science and Engineering National Clearinghouse

This module addresses the complex interface of research and the media; this interface necessarily involves issues of public policy, however, for the purposes of this module we will focus on media issues and touch on public policy in the Thinking Outside the Box section. For simplicity, when we refer to “media” we are speaking of journalists covering the science beat. In the Introduction we talk about the special collaboration between the media and the researcher and the challenges both face in communicating science to the public at large. We note the ethical component inherent in all communication and include quotations …


Numerical Investigation Of Boundary Conditions For Moving Contact Line Problems, Sandesh Somalinga, Arijit Bose Mar 2000

Numerical Investigation Of Boundary Conditions For Moving Contact Line Problems, Sandesh Somalinga, Arijit Bose

Chemical Engineering Faculty Publications

When boundary conditions arising from the usual hydrodynamic assumptions are applied, analyses of dynamic wetting processes lead to a well-known nonintegrable stress singularity at the dynamic contact line, necessitating new ways to model this problem. In this paper, numerical simulations for a set of representative problems are used to explore the possibility of providing material boundary conditions for predictive models of inertialess moving contact line processes. The calculations reveal that up to Capillary number Ca=0.15, the velocity along an arc of radius 10Li (Li is an inner, microscopic length scale! from the dynamic contact line is independent of …


Dwell Fatigue I : Damage Mechanisms, Tarun Goswami Jan 2000

Dwell Fatigue I : Damage Mechanisms, Tarun Goswami

Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications

The mechanisms controlling deformation and failure under high temperature creep-fatigue conditions of materials are examined in this paper. The materials studied are solder alloys, copper alloys, low alloy steels, stainless steels, titanium alloys, and Ni-based alloys. The deformation and failure mechanisms were different (fatigue, creep, oxidation and their interactions) depending upon test and material parameters employed. Deformation mechanisms, such as cavity formation, grain boundary damage, intergranular (IG) and transgranular (TG) damage, oxidation, internal damage, dislocation cell concentration, and oxide mechanisms are very important in order to gain more knowledge of fatigue behavior of materials. The observed mechanisms can be categorized …


Application Of Wavelets And Principal Component Analysis In Image Query And Mammography, Sol Neeman Ph.D. Jan 2000

Application Of Wavelets And Principal Component Analysis In Image Query And Mammography, Sol Neeman Ph.D.

Engineering Studies Faculty Publications and Creative Works

Breast cancer is currently one of the major causes of death for women in the U.S. Mammography is currently the most effective method for detection of breast cancer and early detection has proven to be an efficient tool to reduce the number of deaths. Mammography is the most demanding of all clinical imaging applications as it requires high contrast, high signal to noise ratio and resolution with minimal x-radiation. According to studies [36], 10% to 30% of women having breast cancer and undergoing mammography, have negative mammograms, i.e. are misdiagnosed. Furthermore, only 20%-40% of the women who undergo biopsy, have …


Soapbox: The Academic Research Fleet: An Exciting Time For Renewal, Larry Atkinson Jan 2000

Soapbox: The Academic Research Fleet: An Exciting Time For Renewal, Larry Atkinson

CCPO Publications

(First Paragraph) Academic research ships in the United States are the envy of many scientists around the world. A great strength of our system is the diversity of ships and operators: users have a choice, the system can change. A weakness of the system is that very diversity: sometimes it is hard for us to act together. Nevertheless, we now must act together. The vitality of the academic fleet in the coming decades is at stake. The reason is simply because many of our ships, especially in the intermediate size range, will soon reach the end of their useful life.