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Articles 1 - 12 of 12
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Investigation Of In-Situ Immobilization Of Contaminated Sediments Using Alginate Gels For The Reduction Of Ecological Risk, Michael V. Podany Mr.
Investigation Of In-Situ Immobilization Of Contaminated Sediments Using Alginate Gels For The Reduction Of Ecological Risk, Michael V. Podany Mr.
Master's Theses
Remediation methods for contaminated sediments include dredging, treatment and disposal and sediment isolation through capping. These methods are costly and adversely impact local ecosystems, in some cases causing major disturbances to the sediment bed and water column. A new remediation technique is proposed for slowly biodegradable contaminants using alginate hydrogels as a binding agent of sediment. The rational is that sediment particles bound in alginate hydrogel are less likely to be resuspended and the treatment is less disruptive than capping. Here we show addition of alginate increased the shear strength of sediment comprised of defined particle sizes. The increase in …
Weather-Based Damage Prediction Models For Electric Distribution Networks, David W. Wanik
Weather-Based Damage Prediction Models For Electric Distribution Networks, David W. Wanik
Master's Theses
From thunderstorms to hurricanes, electric distribution networks are subject to a wide range of warm weather storm events. Tropical Storm Irene (2011) and Hurricane Sandy (2012) are two events in recent memory that disrupted over half of The Connecticut Light and Power Company’s (CL&P) service territory, which left some customers without power for up to eleven days. This research study investigates a damage prediction framework for both thunderstorms and hurricanes that combines two generalized linear models to probabilistically determine the occurrence and extent of damages, known as trouble spots, to the overhead power distribution network. The models are inputted with …
Using Nwp Analysis In Satellite Rainfall Estimation Of Heavy Precipitation Events Over Complex Terrain, Xinxuan Zhang
Using Nwp Analysis In Satellite Rainfall Estimation Of Heavy Precipitation Events Over Complex Terrain, Xinxuan Zhang
Master's Theses
This study investigates the use of Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) high-resolution storm analysis in satellite rainfall estimation over complex terrains. Rainfall estimation here is based on the NOAA-Climate Prediction Center morphing (CMORPH) product. Specifically, CMORPH rainfall is adjusted by applying a power-law function whose parameter values are obtained from the comparison between WRF and CMORPH hourly rain rates. Results are presented based on the analyses of five storm cases that induced catastrophic floods in southern Europe. The WRF-based adjusted CMORPH rain rates exhibited improved error statistics against independent radar-rainfall estimates. We show that the adjustment reduces the underestimation of …
Impact Of Salt On Denitrification Potential In Roadside Environments, Nakita A. Lancaster
Impact Of Salt On Denitrification Potential In Roadside Environments, Nakita A. Lancaster
Master's Theses
Urban systems are impacted by changes in hydrology and water chemistry, altering their ability to mitigate detrimental impacts to coastal water bodies, particularly those that result from high volumes of stormwater runoff. The elevated level of impervious cover increases not only runoff but also contaminant loading of nutrients, metals, and road salt used for deicing in cold weather climates. Current stormwater management strategies, while focused on managing the changes in hydrology associated with urbanization, also are designed to mitigate the pollutant loading. Here we investigate the impact that road salt will have on nitrogen removal in roadside environments. Sediments were …
Rainfall Organization And Geomorphologic Controls On The Flood Response Of Mild-Slope Basins In The South Atlantic Region Of Us, Yiwen Mei
Master's Theses
This study uses data from the Tar-River Basin in North Carolina to explore how space-time rainfall variability influences the hydrologic response from observational and modeling perspectives. For understanding the basin scale effect, the Tar-River Basin is divided into four cascade sub-basins ranging from 1106 km2 up to 5654 km2. The study evaluates the catchments’ response to rainfall for a large number of storm events by computing the event runoff coefficient based on streamflow observations and through simulations from a semi-distributed hydrological model. Comparison of observed to simulated hydrographs from the hydrological model shows that distributed rainfall forcing …
Using Ground Penetrating Radar Signal Reflection To Model A Highly Transmissive Bedrock Aquifer, Daniel J. Brockmeyer Mr.
Using Ground Penetrating Radar Signal Reflection To Model A Highly Transmissive Bedrock Aquifer, Daniel J. Brockmeyer Mr.
Master's Theses
The use of numerical modeling software to characterize groundwater contaminant fate and transport requires an understanding of the distribution of hydraulic properties of the aquifer. As the complexity of this distribution increases, a more sophisticated understanding is required. Modeling contaminant transport in bedrock aquifers requires that the spatial distributions of highly conductive geologic features are characterized along with the hydraulic transmissivities of those features (Shapiro, 2003). The goal of this research is to refine the numerical model of a highly transmissive crystalline aquifer by characterizing the spatial variability of the hydraulic transmissivity using the attenuation of the ground penetrating radar …
Bias Correction And Downscaling Of Climate Model Outputs Required For Impact Assessments Of Climate Change In The U.S. Northeast, Kazi F. Ahmed
Bias Correction And Downscaling Of Climate Model Outputs Required For Impact Assessments Of Climate Change In The U.S. Northeast, Kazi F. Ahmed
Master's Theses
Global Climate Models (GCMs) are the typical sources of future climate data required for impact assessments of climate change. However, GCM outputs are related to model-related uncertainties and involve a great deal of biases. Bias correction of model outputs is, therefore, necessary before their use in impact studies. The coarse resolution of GCM simulations is another hindrance to their direct use in fine-scale impact analysis of climate change. Although downscaling of GCM outputs can be performed by dynamical downscaling using Regional Climate Models (RCMs), it requires large computational capacity. When daily climate data from multiple GCMs are required to be …
Understanding Formation And Transport Of Amorphous Iron Oxyhydroxides In Porous Media Using Microfluidic Flow Cells- A Novel Method To Study Freshwater Iron Cycling, Neha A. Ghaisas
Master's Theses
The ground water and surface water interface (GSI or Hyporheic zone) is a spatially- and temporally-fluctuating biogeochemical transition zone connecting these two distinct hydrological components. The mixing zone is characterized by a near neutral pH, ambient temperature and a sharp oxygen concentration which in turn has deep impact on the iron cycling and thus the fate of contaminants in the water column. We constructed an experimental micromodel that to observe key processes that affect biogeochemical iron cycling in the fresh water interface zones where the oxic surface water mixes with Fe (II) rich underlying ground water. The flow cell was …
A Field And Modeling Assessment Of Methyl Mercury Accumulation In An Engineered Retention Pond, Lauren C. Blazeck
A Field And Modeling Assessment Of Methyl Mercury Accumulation In An Engineered Retention Pond, Lauren C. Blazeck
Master's Theses
The accumulation of methyl mercury (MeHg) in lakes during summer stratification has been demonstrated to affect biotic mercury (Hg) accumulation. However, small, shallow polymictic lakes can experience short-term stratification and mixing events that are largely unstudied in their abilities to affect Hg cycling and MeHg accumulation. Short-term stratification events and changing lake characteristics impact lake biogeochemical cycles, and therefore, MeHg production and transport. A field and modeling analysis was performed on a small suburban lake located on the University of Connecticut campus to determine the impact of lake characteristics on the potential for MeHg accumulation. MeHg concentrations ranged from non-detect …
Dissolved Organic Matter Characterization And Impact On Mercury Binding In An Urbanizing Watershed, Mykel Mendes
Dissolved Organic Matter Characterization And Impact On Mercury Binding In An Urbanizing Watershed, Mykel Mendes
Master's Theses
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is ubiquitous in aquatic ecosystems, interacting with and controlling the bioavailability and transport of mercury (Hg) and other trace metals through complexation. The complexation of ionic Hg (Hg2+) with DOM can either limit methyl mercury (MeHg) bioavailability or increase MeHg production by stimulating microbial growth. While substantial investigations have examined Hg-DOM interactions in forested ecosystems, little research has been conducted on the Hg-DOM relationship within an urbanized river setting subjected to various anthropogenic sources. The various runoff and pollutant sources vary in DOM quality and character. Three sources of organic matter from the North …
Possibility Of Consolidated Wetland Mitigation In A Multi-Layered Legislated State, Juan P. Correa
Possibility Of Consolidated Wetland Mitigation In A Multi-Layered Legislated State, Juan P. Correa
Master's Theses
No abstract provided.
Comprehensive Analysis Of Effluent Organic Matter From Five Wastewater Treatment Plants In Connecticut And Comparison To Natural Organic Matter, Matthew L. Quaranta
Comprehensive Analysis Of Effluent Organic Matter From Five Wastewater Treatment Plants In Connecticut And Comparison To Natural Organic Matter, Matthew L. Quaranta
Master's Theses
Natural organic matter is an important driver of biotic and abiotic processes in aquatic environments. Wastewater treatment plants discharge a substantial amount of organic matter into the environment; however effluent organic matter has not been well studied. In this study, traditional organic geochemical techniques were applied to characterize effluent organic matter. Effluent organic matter was isolated by DAX8 (hydrophobic fraction) and XAD4 (transphilic fraction) Amberlite resins. Extraction efficiencies of effluent organic matter by DAX8 resins ranged from 18 to 42 percent as a result of larger content of hydrophilic organic matter than natural organic matter. Average organic matter molecular weights …