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Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Pd-Based Electrocatalysts For Oxygen Reduction And Ethanol Oxidation Reactions: Some Recent Insights Into Structures And Mechanisms, Zhi-Peng Wu, Chuan-Jian Zhong
Pd-Based Electrocatalysts For Oxygen Reduction And Ethanol Oxidation Reactions: Some Recent Insights Into Structures And Mechanisms, Zhi-Peng Wu, Chuan-Jian Zhong
Journal of Electrochemistry
The development of efficient electrocatalysts for applications in fuel cells, including proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) and direct ethanol fuel cell (DEFC), has attracted extensive research attention in recent years. Oxygen reduction reaction and ethanol oxidation reaction are two of the key reactions where the design of active, stable and low-cost electrocatalysts is critical for the mass commercializations of PEMFCs and DEFCs. This challenge stems largely from the limited understanding of the catalyst structures and reaction mechanisms. Progress has been made in investigations of electrocatalysts derived from Pd-based alloy nanomaterials both experimentally and computationally. We highlight herein some of the …
Application Of Atomically Precise Metal Nanoclusters In Electrocatalysis, Zhi-Hua Zhuang, Wei Chen
Application Of Atomically Precise Metal Nanoclusters In Electrocatalysis, Zhi-Hua Zhuang, Wei Chen
Journal of Electrochemistry
Metal nanoclusters (M NCs) consist of only several to a few hundred of metal atoms and possess core sizes less than 2 nm. Owing to the quantum size effect, the electronic states of M NCs evolve to discrete levels similar to the molecule energy gaps, other than a continuous density of states to produce plasmon characteristic of bulk metal nanoparticles (M NPs). In comparison with the conventional M NPs, M NCs exhibit dramatically unique electronic and optical properties, such as molecule-like energy gaps, strong photoluminescence and high catalytic properties, which make them promising for potential application in numerous fields, such …
Recent Progress In Pt-Based Catalysts For Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Jing Li, Xin Feng, Zi-Dong Wei
Recent Progress In Pt-Based Catalysts For Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Jing Li, Xin Feng, Zi-Dong Wei
Journal of Electrochemistry
One major challenge for a large-scale commercialization of the proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) technologies that enable a shift to ‘zero-emission’ personal transportation, is the expensive and unstable Pt catalysts, which are mainly used to catalyze the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) occurred on the air electrode of PEMFCs. Many research works have targets to improve the stability of Pt-based catalysts and to construct Pt/transitional metal alloys with low Pt loading amount. Herein, we provide a minireview for the Pt-based ORR catalysts based on our recent work, which covers a brief background introduction, the stability improvement of …
Palladium Adatoms On Gold Nanoparticles As Electrocatalysts For Ethanol Electro-Oxidation In Alkaline Solutions, Hui-Mei Chen, Shang-Qian Zhu, Jia-Le Huang, Min-Hua Shao
Palladium Adatoms On Gold Nanoparticles As Electrocatalysts For Ethanol Electro-Oxidation In Alkaline Solutions, Hui-Mei Chen, Shang-Qian Zhu, Jia-Le Huang, Min-Hua Shao
Journal of Electrochemistry
Palladium (Pd) is a good catalyst for ethanol electro-oxidation in alkaline solutions. The activity of Pd is further improved in this study by modifying the gold (Au) nanoparticles with Pd adatoms using a simple spontaneous deposition process. The Pd overlayer on the Au core (Au@Pd) is un-uniform with some Au atoms exposed to the electrolyte. The activity of Au@Pd/C toward ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) is much higher than that of Pd/C in an alkaline solution. The peak current density of Au@Pd/C is 4.6 times higher than that of Pd/C with a 100 mV lower onset potential. The enhanced activity may …
Morphological Control Of Ptcu2 Octahedron And Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalytic Performance Of Ptcu For Fuel Cell, Long-Sheng Cao, Lei Wan, Zhi-Gang Shao, Hong-Mei Yu, Ming Hou, Bao-Lian Yi
Morphological Control Of Ptcu2 Octahedron And Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalytic Performance Of Ptcu For Fuel Cell, Long-Sheng Cao, Lei Wan, Zhi-Gang Shao, Hong-Mei Yu, Ming Hou, Bao-Lian Yi
Journal of Electrochemistry
Platinum acetylacetonate (Pt(acac)2) and copper acetylacetonate (Cu(acac)2) were co-reduced to prepare PtCu2 octahedron alloy catalyst in N,N-dimethylformamiade by solvothermal method. The PtCu2 showed lattice compression, and high ratio of non-oxidized Pt with high electronic binding energy. All those structural features contributed to weak adsorption strength of oxygen species on Pt and lower d-band centre position. The influence of structure-directing agent on morphology of PtCu alloy was systematically studied. In the half cell test, as a result of the uniform morphology and regular octahedron of PtCu2 formed, the mass activity and area specific activity …
Preparation Of Nanoprobes And Their Possible Applications In Nanoscale Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy For Studying Electrocatalytic Oxygen And Hydrogen Reactions, Xing-Xing Chen
Journal of Electrochemistry
Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) is a type of scanning probe microscopy, which can not only provide the topographical information, but also offer the electrochemical properties of different samples. The interrelationship of physical and electrochemical properties of a sample can be searched at a high-resolution scale due to the introduction of ultramicroelectrode (UME). With the continuous development of modern nanotechnology, the SECM probe has been improved with drastically decreasing its size down to nanometer. Meanwhile, to evaluate and understand the electrochemical performance of various electrocatalysts for both oxygen and hydrogen reactions with high-efficiency is highly demanded in the research area of …
Recent Progress For Fe-N-C Electrocatalysts In Alkaline Fuel Cells, Xin Deng, Heng-Quan Chen, Ye Hu, Qing-Gang He
Recent Progress For Fe-N-C Electrocatalysts In Alkaline Fuel Cells, Xin Deng, Heng-Quan Chen, Ye Hu, Qing-Gang He
Journal of Electrochemistry
Fuel cells are highly recommended nowadays due to their intrinsic advantages such as high energy conversion efficiency, nearly no pollution, and convenient operation. With the development of anion exchange membrane, alkaline fuel cells have gone through a renaissance thanks to their superiorities such as faster reaction kinetics, wider choices for both fuels and electrocatalysts. It is essential to find an appropriate electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) to improve the performance of alkaline fuel cells. Further commercialization of the widely used Pt-based materials has suffered from disadvantages such as scarcity and high cost. As alternatives to largely investigated Pt-based materials, …
The Study Of Dynamical Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy For Oxygen Reduction Reaction On Pt/C Catalyst, Kun-Ming Shi, Jian-Wei Guo, Jia Wang
The Study Of Dynamical Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy For Oxygen Reduction Reaction On Pt/C Catalyst, Kun-Ming Shi, Jian-Wei Guo, Jia Wang
Journal of Electrochemistry
With joint techniques of rotating disc electrode(RDE) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS), and further establishment on equivalent circuit model, this paper studied oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) on commercial Pt/C catalyst in acid medium. Our results found that the dynamical interface on Pt/C consists of two independent processes: 1) the PtO reduction from Pt surface, 2) the new PtO formation from ORR, thus providing key clues for catalyst stability and activity. This also implied that the dynamical interface facilitates reconstruction for porous electrode, and matches with mass transfer. One important issue is discovered that at high overpotential, the high reaction rate for ORR …
Novel Electrochemical Interfaces Based On Functional Nanomaterials And Their Related Applications, Cheng-Zhou Zhu, Lei Han, Shao-Jun Dong
Novel Electrochemical Interfaces Based On Functional Nanomaterials And Their Related Applications, Cheng-Zhou Zhu, Lei Han, Shao-Jun Dong
Journal of Electrochemistry
Due to the unique optical, electronic, magnetic and catalytic properties, functional nanomaterials provide new opportunities for the rapid development in a variety of disciplines and show considerable promise in different fields. Specifically, constructions of the novel electrochemical interface using various nanomaterials and exploring their advanced electrochemical properties have received great attention to develop electrochemical devices with potential applications. In this account, we focus on our up-to-date progress in the construction of novel electrochemical interfaces based on nanomaterials, mainly highlighting our research advances on electrochemical sensors, fuel cells and fluorescence spectroelectrochemistry. These novel advanced nanomaterials endow them excellent performances and open …
Preparation And Methanol Electrooxidation Of Pt/Pmo12/Pedot/Gc Electrodes, Jing-Hua Ma, Rui-Xiang Wang, Yi-Liang Tan, Shan-Shan Wang, Yan-Qin Zhang, You-Jun Fan
Preparation And Methanol Electrooxidation Of Pt/Pmo12/Pedot/Gc Electrodes, Jing-Hua Ma, Rui-Xiang Wang, Yi-Liang Tan, Shan-Shan Wang, Yan-Qin Zhang, You-Jun Fan
Journal of Electrochemistry
Modification of phosphomolybdic acid (PMo12) on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) film (PEDOT/GC) obtained through the electrochemical polymerization was performed using adsorption method (PMo12/PEDOT/GC), followed by electrodepositing Pt on PMo12/PEDOT/GC to prepare Pt/PMo12/PEDOT/GC electrode. Effects of PMo12 and PEDOT on the methanol oxidation performance of electrode were investigated. Results showed that PMo12 obviously changed the morphology and structure of Pt loaded on the electrode, leading to the formation of sharp thorns at the edge of Pt nanostructures. Cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry data demonstrated that the catalytic activities of methanol electrooxidation on the Pt/PMo …
Porous Electrodes With High Pt Utilization Obtained By Ion-Exchange/Electrodeposition, Si-Guo Chen, Wei Ding, Xue-Qiang Qi, Li Li, Zi-Hua Deng, Zi-Dong Wei
Porous Electrodes With High Pt Utilization Obtained By Ion-Exchange/Electrodeposition, Si-Guo Chen, Wei Ding, Xue-Qiang Qi, Li Li, Zi-Hua Deng, Zi-Dong Wei
Journal of Electrochemistry
We report a novel method based on ion-exchange/electrodeposition (IEE) for constructing high Pt utilization porous electrodes. The electrode prepared using IEE was assessed by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and single cell test. The preliminary results show that the undesired ion-exchange between Pt anion and surface functional group in carbon black can be eliminated through the electrode preparation process, and every Pt particle prepared by IEE is expected to be deposited on the three-phase reaction zone and thus can be fully utilized in fuel cell reactions. The Pt particle size, shape and distribution …
Ternary Alloy Electrocatalysts For Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Jin Luo, Lefu Yang, Binghui Chen, Chuanjian Zhong
Ternary Alloy Electrocatalysts For Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Jin Luo, Lefu Yang, Binghui Chen, Chuanjian Zhong
Journal of Electrochemistry
Proton exchange membrane fuel cell represents an important electrochemical energy conversion device with many attractive features in terms of efficiency of energy conversion and minimization of environmental pollution. However, the large overpotential for oxygen reduction reaction at the cathode and the low activity, poor durability and high cost of platinum-based catalysts in the fuel cells constitute a focal point of major barriers to the commercialization of fuel cells. The development of nanostructured catalysts shows promises to addresses some of the challenging problems. The ability to engineer the composition and nanostructure of nanoalloy catalysts is important for developing active, robust and …
Progress And Perspective Of Fuel Cell Technology, Ming Hou, Bao-Lian Yi
Progress And Perspective Of Fuel Cell Technology, Ming Hou, Bao-Lian Yi
Journal of Electrochemistry
Fuel cell, a clean and high-efficiency electrochemical power source, has being paid much attention worldwide recent years. In this paper, the progress and perspective of fuel cell technology are elucidated in detail. Fuel cells have been applied in some special fields such as spacecraft, shuttle and submarines. However, in the areas of transportation, stationary station and portable power source, fuel cells are still under demonstration due to the durability and cost problems. The reliability and surrounding survivability of fuel cells should be enhanced in the special application. Meanwhile, the durability and cost of fuel cells are the main issues to …
Hydrolysis Of Sodium Borohydride By Ru-Ni Foam Catalyst, Jie Cheng, Feng Ye, Tong-Tao Wang, Jing-Jing Li, Yong-Liang Wang, Xin-Dong Wang
Hydrolysis Of Sodium Borohydride By Ru-Ni Foam Catalyst, Jie Cheng, Feng Ye, Tong-Tao Wang, Jing-Jing Li, Yong-Liang Wang, Xin-Dong Wang
Journal of Electrochemistry
This paper presented a method of hydrogen generation from sodium borohydride solution for fuel cells.The Ru-Ni foam catalyst which was prepared by chemical plating showed strong activity and stability.The pretreatment of Ni foam before chemical plating was very important for the catalyst's strong activity and stability.This easy-to-prepared catalyst exhibited a good activity after being used several times.The effects of NaBH4 concentration,temperature and used times on the hydrogen generation rate were investigated.The results showed that the rate was remarkablely increased with the temperature rising and the rate increased more than ten times when the temperature of reaction rised from 15 ℃ …
Electrocatalytic Oxidation Of Glucose On Nano Pt/C Electrode, Cui-Lian Chen
Electrocatalytic Oxidation Of Glucose On Nano Pt/C Electrode, Cui-Lian Chen
Journal of Electrochemistry
Nano Pt/C electrocatalysts were prepared by intermittent microwave heating method.The electrooxidation of glucose on smooth Pt and～Pt/C electrodes has been studied and compared.The results showed that the electrochemical properties on nano Pt/C were improved due to the reduction of the overpotential and the increase in the kinetic rate.The surface area would be significantly increased when the particle size of the catalyst was reduced to nano-scale,resulting in the increase in the activity.The enhancement in the resistance to poisoning could be explained that the oxygen-containing species are easier to react with poisoning species on nano Pt/C and re-active the electrode.
Study Of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells(Pemfc), Shanhai Ge, Baolian Yi, Hongfen Xu, Ming Han, Zhigang Shao
Study Of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells(Pemfc), Shanhai Ge, Baolian Yi, Hongfen Xu, Ming Han, Zhigang Shao
Journal of Electrochemistry
The electrode kinetic parameters for proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFC) were investigated by measuring the relations of cell potential and current density. An experimental stack of PEMFC which can be operated at E cell =0.7V, I =0.55A/cm 2 steadily is presented, and the effects of electrode structure and operation conditions such as temperature, pressure, humidification, flow rate on the performance of PEMFC are discussed.