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Characterization Of Peripheral Lung Lesions By Statistical Image Processing Of Endobronchial Ultrasound Images, Aaron T. Madaris
Characterization Of Peripheral Lung Lesions By Statistical Image Processing Of Endobronchial Ultrasound Images, Aaron T. Madaris
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This thesis introduces the concept of implementing greyscale analysis, also known as intensity analysis, on endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) images for the purposes of diagnosing peripheral lung tumors. The statistical methodology of using greyscale and histogram analysis allows the characterization of lung tissue in EBUS images. Regions of interest (ROI) will be analyzed in MATLAB and a feature vector will be created. A feature vector of first-order, second-order and histogram greyscale analysis will be created and used for the classification of malignant vs benign peripheral lung tumors. The tools that were implemented were MedCalc for the initial statistical analysis of receiver …
Analyzing Cognitive Workload Through Eye-Related Measurements: A Meta-Analysis, Melissa Patricia Coral
Analyzing Cognitive Workload Through Eye-Related Measurements: A Meta-Analysis, Melissa Patricia Coral
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Understanding cognitive workload has become a vital topic for researchers in developing future systems. Existing research has investigated the use of physiological measurements of the eye with cognitive workload, though a quantitative synthesis has yet to be performed. A meta-analysis was conducted to examine the effects of cognitive workload on eye-related measurements. The objective of this meta-analysis is not to determine a difference between the levels of workload, but to identify reliable measurements. Measurements through blinks, saccades, pupils, and fixations were examined. Twenty-two studies, contributing to a total of sixty entries, met the appropriate inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. Findings …
Low-Cost, Wireless Optical Oximeter For Monitoring Of Brain Function In High-Risk Pediatric Population, Zahra Meghjani
Low-Cost, Wireless Optical Oximeter For Monitoring Of Brain Function In High-Risk Pediatric Population, Zahra Meghjani
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Nearly 4 million neonates die every year due to brain injuries, most caused by hypoxia. Neonatal ICU requires newborns with critical health conditions to be monitored continuously calling for the need of a non-invasive, compact and portable device. However, commercial devices are mostly bulky and/or expensive. The neonatal mortality is higher in under-developed countries, where such expensive and large devices are not affordable. Hence, my thesis focuses on building first generation compact, inexpensive, and wireless device that can monitor and provide feedback to clinicians during intervention. This approach is based on light absorption by oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin chromophores. The total …
A Fractal-Based Mathematical Model For Cancellous Bone Growth Considering The Hierarchical Nature Of Bone, Stephanie Marie Suhr
A Fractal-Based Mathematical Model For Cancellous Bone Growth Considering The Hierarchical Nature Of Bone, Stephanie Marie Suhr
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The hierarchical structure of bone alone is not comprehensive enough to provide morphological explanation of how the size and arrangement of the trabeculae within cancellous bone affect load distribution, particularly concerning deterioration of bone in elderly patients. The collagen network and hydroxyapatite play a large role in defining the shape of trabeculae in cancellous bone despite that the arrangement and size is seemingly random. The growth of plates and rods in cancellous bone is mainly due to loading and stress lines within the bone, but mathematical predictive models can be developed using fractal analysis to show how bone may grow …
Optical Redox Imaging Of Metabolic Activity, Syed Anwar Hyder Zaidi
Optical Redox Imaging Of Metabolic Activity, Syed Anwar Hyder Zaidi
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Fluorescence imaging can be used to determine tissue metabolism, which is an indication of the cellular functionality. Metabolic contrast is useful for the early detection of several medical conditions such as cancer, diabetes, lung diseases etc. This study aims to use fluorescence imaging to quantify NADH and FAD, which are cellular metabolic indicators. A parameter known as Redox ratio, can be used to study metabolic state of several tissue types and disease states. To quantify the Redox ratio, three fluorescence imaging systems were optimized to measure the fluorescence signal from NADH and FAD. The first system was a camera based …
Early Assessment Of Burn Severity In Human Tissue With Multi-Wavelength Spatial Frequency Domain Imaging, Chien Sing Poon
Early Assessment Of Burn Severity In Human Tissue With Multi-Wavelength Spatial Frequency Domain Imaging, Chien Sing Poon
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Burn injuries such as thermal burns, which are caused by contact with flames, hot liquids, hot surfaces, and other sources of high heat as well as chemical burns and electrical burns, affects at least 500,000 people in the United States, to which 45,000 of them require medical treatment and 3,500 of them result in death. It has also been reported that in the United States alone, fire results in a death approximately every three hours and an injury every 33 minutes. Early knowledge about burn severity can lead to improved outcome for patients. In this study, the changes in optical …
Comparison Of Vascular Pulsatility In The Native Beating Heart Versus Direct Mechanical Ventricular Actuation Support Of The Fibrillating Heart, Nathan Victor Wright
Comparison Of Vascular Pulsatility In The Native Beating Heart Versus Direct Mechanical Ventricular Actuation Support Of The Fibrillating Heart, Nathan Victor Wright
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Most conventional cardiac assist devices today employ continuous flow blood pumps to supplement function in the dysfunctional heart. Continuous flow pumps are predominantly preferred to the original pulsatile pumps due to the smaller size (greater implantability) and higher efficiency they achieve. However, interest in the impact of vascular pulsatility on human health has arisen from the growing evidence of higher complications with nonpulsatile devices compared to pulsatile devices. Direct cardiac compression (DCC) offers a unique solution to the pulsatility issue through the application of force directly to the heart's surface. It is believed that employing the existing pump architecture of …
Improving Anomaly Detection Through Identification Of Physiological Signatures Of Unconscious Awareness, Alyssa Marie Piasecki
Improving Anomaly Detection Through Identification Of Physiological Signatures Of Unconscious Awareness, Alyssa Marie Piasecki
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Missed anomalies have the potential to cause detrimental effects in the Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) domain. One possible cause of these missed anomalies is that cognitive processing may not reach conscious awareness and may only be perceived by the unconscious mind. Identification of correlates of these unconscious processes could provide an insight into potential missed targets. The present study explored missed anomalies in a visual search task and the possibility of unconscious awareness. Eye metrics were recorded and a "Detection Threshold Model" was created and validated with a nominal logistic regression model, in order to characterize the search patterns …
Use Of Eeg To Understand Brain Intensity In Engineering Students Using A Stem Educational Mobile Application, Kevin Hatcher
Use Of Eeg To Understand Brain Intensity In Engineering Students Using A Stem Educational Mobile Application, Kevin Hatcher
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In the first two years of undergraduate work in engineering, students are taught concepts such as physics, electronics, and most importantly calculus. It is especially important for students to get a better grasp on foundational math concepts, such as calculus in the beginning or they will be overwhelmed by the workload to come. The focus of this research was to understand how students learning calculus, could benefit from an augmented-educational mobile application. In the study students were measured with electroencephalography (EEG) measurements utilized by the Emotive EPOC® as they attempted to solve different limit themed problems in order to determine …
Design And Evaluation Of A Fiber Optic Shape Tracker For Use As A Navigational Aid In Endovascular Guidewires And Catheters, Benjamin Stewart Rinehart
Design And Evaluation Of A Fiber Optic Shape Tracker For Use As A Navigational Aid In Endovascular Guidewires And Catheters, Benjamin Stewart Rinehart
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Endovascular intervention is the current gold-standard for screening and treating aortic aneurysms and complications caused by peripheral vascular disease (PAD). A typical endovascular procedure begins with inserting an endovascular guidewire into the femoral artery via incision. A catheter is then threaded over the guidewire and both tools are then navigated to the treatment site. The navigation is guided solely by fluoroscopy (x-ray) imagery that is performed throughout the duration of the procedure. Not only does this method provide limited 2-D guidance, but also exposes the patient and medical staff to high levels of radiation. This thesis research focuses on the …