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Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Development Of Near-Real Time Material Detection And Analysis By Coupling Electrochemical & Optical Spectroscopy Methods For Molten Salt Systems, Hunter Andrews
Development Of Near-Real Time Material Detection And Analysis By Coupling Electrochemical & Optical Spectroscopy Methods For Molten Salt Systems, Hunter Andrews
Theses and Dissertations
For both pyroprocessing and molten salt reactors (MSRs), it is desirable from a process control and nuclear safeguards perspective to monitor the species in the molten salts for material accountancy. Many traditional monitoring techniques, even simple salt sample retrieval, are time exhaustive or rendered useless for these systems due to the high thermal loads, high radiation zones, and corrosive nature of molten salts. Therefore, the main motivation for this work is the need for an online monitoring system for a molten salt system that is robust enough to handle the extreme environment yet deliver quantifiable salt concentrations. The intent of …
Electrochemical Separation Of Multivalent Species On A Liquid Bismuth Cathode In Licl-Kcl Eutectic For Used Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing, Michael Woods
Electrochemical Separation Of Multivalent Species On A Liquid Bismuth Cathode In Licl-Kcl Eutectic For Used Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing, Michael Woods
Theses and Dissertations
The presence of group I/II fission products (Cs-137, Sr-90, and Ba-137) within molten salt nuclear processes degrades operational efficiencies by contributing to increased radiation levels in the case of material handling processes or to loss of criticality in the case of a reactor. While methods such as zone freezing and ion exchange have been proven for the separation of these fission products in LiCl-KCl salts, they require extra equipment and processing steps. Addition of a liquid metal electrode to molten salt media, such as the electrorefiner of a pyroprocessing scheme or the salt cleaning stage of a molten salt fast …
Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (Libs) In A Novel Molten Salt Aerosol System, Ammon N. Williams, Supathorn Phongikaroon
Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (Libs) In A Novel Molten Salt Aerosol System, Ammon N. Williams, Supathorn Phongikaroon
Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering Publications
In the pyrochemical separation of used nuclear fuel (UNF), fission product, rare earth, and actinide chlorides accumulate in the molten salt electrolyte over time. Measuring this salt composition in near real-time is advantageous for operational efficiency, material accountability, and nuclear safeguards. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been proposed and demonstrated as a potential analytical approach for molten LiCl–KCl salts. However, all the studies conducted to date have used a static surface approach which can lead to issues with splashing, low repeatability, and poor sample homogeneity. In this initial study, a novel molten salt aerosol approach has been developed and explored …
Comparative Studies Of Diffusion Models And Artificial Neural Intelligence On Electrochemical Process Of U And Zr Dissolutions In Licl-Kcl Eutectic Salts, Samaneh Rakhshan Pouri
Comparative Studies Of Diffusion Models And Artificial Neural Intelligence On Electrochemical Process Of U And Zr Dissolutions In Licl-Kcl Eutectic Salts, Samaneh Rakhshan Pouri
Theses and Dissertations
The electrorefiner (ER) is the heart of pyroprocessing technology operating at a high-temperature (723 K – 773 K) to separate uranium from Experimental Breeder Reactor-II (EBR-II) used metallic fuel. One of the most common electroanalytical methods for determining the thermodynamic and electrochemical behavior of elemental species in the eutectic molten salt LiCl-KCl inside ER is cyclic voltammetry (CV). Information from CV can possibly be used to estimate diffusion coefficients, apparent standard potentials, transfer coefficients, and numbers of electron transferred. Therefore, predicting the trace of each species from the CV method in an absence of experimental data is important for safeguarding …
Electrochemical Studies Of Cerium And Uranium In Licl-Kcl Eutectic For Fundamentals Of Pyroprocessing Technology, Dalsung Yoon
Electrochemical Studies Of Cerium And Uranium In Licl-Kcl Eutectic For Fundamentals Of Pyroprocessing Technology, Dalsung Yoon
Theses and Dissertations
Understanding the characteristics of special nuclear materials in LiCl-KCl eutectic salt is extremely important in terms of effective system operation and material accountability for safeguarding pyroprocessing technology. By considering that uranium (U) is the most abundant and important element in the used nuclear fuel, measurements and analyses of U properties were performed in LiCl-KCl eutectic salt. Therefore, the electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), open circuit potential (OCP), Tafel, linear polarization (LP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were conducted under different experimental conditions to explore the electrochemical, thermodynamic, and kinetic properties of U in LiCl-KCl eutectic. The ultimate goal …
Measurement Of Rare Earth And Uranium Elements Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (Libs) In An Aerosol System For Nuclear Safeguards Applications, Ammon N. Williams
Measurement Of Rare Earth And Uranium Elements Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (Libs) In An Aerosol System For Nuclear Safeguards Applications, Ammon N. Williams
Theses and Dissertations
The primary objective of this research is to develop an applied technology and provide an assessment for remotely measuring and analyzing the real time or near real time concentrations of used nuclear fuel (UNF) elements in electrorefiners (ER). Here, Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) in UNF pyroprocessing facilities was investigated. LIBS is an elemental analysis method, which is based on the emission from plasma generated by focusing a laser beam into the medium. This technology has been reported to be applicable in solids, liquids (includes molten metals), and gases for detecting elements of special nuclear materials. The advantages of applying the …