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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Frontiers In The Self-Assembly Of Charged Macromolecules, Khatcher O. Margossian
Frontiers In The Self-Assembly Of Charged Macromolecules, Khatcher O. Margossian
Doctoral Dissertations
The self-assembly of charged macromolecules forms the basis of all life on earth. From the synthesis and replication of nucleic acids, to the association of DNA to chromatin, to the targeting of RNA to various cellular compartments, to the astonishingly consistent folding of proteins, all life depends on the physics of the organization and dynamics of charged polymers. In this dissertation, I address several of the newest challenges in the assembly of these types of materials. First, I describe the exciting new physics of the complexation between polyzwitterions and polyelectrolytes. These materials open new questions and possibilities within the context …
Enabling Nanoimprint Lithography Techniques Across Multiple Manufacturing Processes, Vincent Einck
Enabling Nanoimprint Lithography Techniques Across Multiple Manufacturing Processes, Vincent Einck
Doctoral Dissertations
Advanced nanooptics in the areas of flat lenses, diffractive elements, and tunable emissivity require a route to high throughput manufacturing. Nanooptics are often demanding of high refractive index materials, nanometer precision and ease of fabrication. Nanoimprint lithography (NIL) is a low-cost, high throughput manufacturing technique beginning to be realized in commercial industry.1,2 The NIL process is an ideal manufacturing candidate due to its ability to have a fast process time, efficient use of materials, repeatability and high precision while also having wide diversity of potential structures and material choices. Appling NIL techniques to other facets of manufacturing enable the …
Chromatographic Dynamic Chemisorption, Shreya Thakkar
Chromatographic Dynamic Chemisorption, Shreya Thakkar
Masters Theses
Reaction rates of catalytic cycles over supported metal catalysts are normalized by the exposed metal atoms on the catalyst surface, reported as site time yields which provide a rigorous standard to compare distinct metal surfaces. Defined as the fraction of exposed metal surface atoms to the total number of metal atoms, it is important to measure the dispersion of supported metal catalysts to report standardized rates for kinetic investigations. Multiple characterization techniques such as electron microscopy, spectroscopy and chemisorption are exploited for catalyst dispersion measurements. While effective, electron microscopy and spectroscopy are not readily accessible due to cost and maintenance …
Synthesis, Fabrication, And Assembly Of Mesoscale Polymer Filaments, Dylan M. Barber
Synthesis, Fabrication, And Assembly Of Mesoscale Polymer Filaments, Dylan M. Barber
Doctoral Dissertations
Mesoscale materials, with feature sizes in the range of one hundred nanometers to tens of micrometers, are ubiquitous in Nature. In organisms, mesoscale building blocks connect the properties of underlying molecular and nanoscructures to those of macroscale, organism-scale materials through hierarchical assemblies of recurring structural motifs. The collective action of large numbers of mesoscale features can afford stunning features like the structural color of the morpho butterfly wing, calcium ion-mediated movement in muscle, and wood structures like xylem that can support enormous external compressive loads and negative internal pressure to transport nutrients throughout an organism. In synthetic systems, the design, …
Tailoring Interfaces And Composition For Stable And Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells, Hamza Javaid
Tailoring Interfaces And Composition For Stable And Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells, Hamza Javaid
Doctoral Dissertations
Metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have revolutionized the field of thin film photovoltaics. Within a decade, the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) have increased at a phenomenal rate, rising from 3.8% to more than 25% in single-junction devices, moving them ahead of the current silicon-based technology. The high efficiencies of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and their other unique properties arise from a combination of organic and inorganic components and electronic-ionic conduction, making them excellent candidates for a plethora of applications. However, PSCs face a significant—and ironic—roadblock to commercialization: these light-harvesting materials degrade under sunlight—the very condition they would need …
Designing Nonflammable Polymers And Blends Containing Deoxybenzoin Derivatives, Elizabeth Stubbs
Designing Nonflammable Polymers And Blends Containing Deoxybenzoin Derivatives, Elizabeth Stubbs
Doctoral Dissertations
The importance of synthetic polymers in everyday life continues to grow, owing to their societal importance for improving our standard-of-living and enabling advances spanning medicine, electronics, construction materials, transportation. While niche applications occupy a small fraction of the overall volume of polymers produced, large scale applications tend to employ lower cost materials, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene. In addition to environmental considerations connected to these polymerized hydrocarbons, produced in excess of 380 million tons per year worldwide, their inherent flammability creates additional requirements associated with their manufacturing and use. Societal benefits of such polymers are extensive, and thus, there …
Source Data For Self-Spinning Filaments For Autonomously Linked Microfibers, Dylan M. Barber, Todd S. Emrick, Gregory Grason, Alfred Crosby
Source Data For Self-Spinning Filaments For Autonomously Linked Microfibers, Dylan M. Barber, Todd S. Emrick, Gregory Grason, Alfred Crosby
Data and Datasets
Filamentous bundles are ubiquitous in Nature, achieving highly adaptive functions and structural integrity from assembly of diverse mesoscale supramolecular elements. Engineering routes to synthetic, topologically integrated analogs demands precisely coordinated control of multiple filaments’ shapes and positions, a major challenge when performed without complex machinery or labor-intensive processing. Here, we demonstrate a photocreasing design that encodes local curvature and twist into mesoscale polymer filaments, enabling their programmed transformation into target 3-dimensional geometries. Importantly, patterned photocreasing of filament arrays drives autonomous spinning to form linked filament bundles that are highly entangled and structurally robust. In individual filaments, photocreases unlock paths 16 …