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Articles 1 - 30 of 44
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Novel Biomechanical Test Method For Cancellous Bone Screws And Screw Augmentation With Cement., Kevin Lancaster
Novel Biomechanical Test Method For Cancellous Bone Screws And Screw Augmentation With Cement., Kevin Lancaster
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
It is often difficult to achieve adequate screw fixation for plate constructs in fractures with poor quality bone or in metaphyseal bone with extensive bone loss or comminution[7][17]. Furthermore, rescuing or augmenting failed screw fixation in inadequate bone with various cement products has yielded mixed results when tested with pure axial pullout loading[20][21]. In most cases, plate/screw constructs experience both vertical (translational) and horizontal (pullout) forces during physiologic loading[17][20][21]. The increased use of locked screws in plate constructs has also changed the loading patterns of bone screws. For this study, a novel “toggle-out” testing method was developed to more realistically …
Assessing The Water Quality Benefits Of Green Infrastructure Stormwater Control Measures., Sam Abdollahian
Assessing The Water Quality Benefits Of Green Infrastructure Stormwater Control Measures., Sam Abdollahian
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Permeable pavements systems and tree boxes are a common type of Green Infrastructure (GI) Stormwater Control Measures (SCMs) that are often used for mitigating the stormwater runoff. In this study two permeable pavement systems and a tree box installed along parking lanes of an urban street in Louisville, KY, were investigated to evaluate their performance on improving stormwater runoff quality. The water quality monitoring was accomplished by analysis of samples collected from stormwater runoff and the captured stormwater volume at the bottom of the permeable pavements’ sub-base reservoir and by a drain gauge (lysimeter) installed in the tree box. Pollutants …
Exclusive-Or Preprocessing And Dictionary Coding Of Continuous-Tone Images., Takiyah K. Cooper
Exclusive-Or Preprocessing And Dictionary Coding Of Continuous-Tone Images., Takiyah K. Cooper
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The field of lossless image compression studies the various ways to represent image data in the most compact and efficient manner possible that also allows the image to be reproduced without any loss. One of the most efficient strategies used in lossless compression is to introduce entropy reduction through decorrelation. This study focuses on using the exclusive-or logic operator in a decorrelation filter as the preprocessing phase of lossless image compression of continuous-tone images. The exclusive-or logic operator is simply and reversibly applied to continuous-tone images for the purpose of extracting differences between neighboring pixels. Implementation of the exclusive-or operator …
Application Of The Aeroacoustic Analogy To A Shrouded, Subsonic, Radial Fan., Bryan Buccieri
Application Of The Aeroacoustic Analogy To A Shrouded, Subsonic, Radial Fan., Bryan Buccieri
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A study was conducted to investigate the predictive capability of computational aeroacoustics with respect to a shrouded, subsonic, radial fan. A three dimensional unsteady fluid dynamics simulation was conducted to produce aerodynamic data used as the acoustic source for an aeroacoustics simulation. Two acoustic models were developed: one modeling the forces on the rotating fan blades as a set of rotating dipoles located at the center of mass of each fan blade and one modeling the forces on the stationary fan shroud as a field of distributed stationary dipoles. Predicted acoustic response was compared to experimental data. The blade source …
Plasma Catalysis Using Low Melting Point Metals., Maria Carreon
Plasma Catalysis Using Low Melting Point Metals., Maria Carreon
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Plasma catalysis is emerging as one of the most promising alternatives to carry out several reactions of great environmental importance, from the synthesis of nanomaterials to chemicals of great interest. However, the combined effect of a catalyst and plasma is not clear. For the particular case of 1-D nanomaterials growth, the low temperatures synthesis is still a challenge to overcome for its scalable manufacturing on flexible substrates and thin metal foils. Herein, the use of low-melting-point metal clusters under plasma excitation was investigated to determine the effectiveness in their ability to catalyze the growth of 1-D nanomaterials. Specifically, plasma catalysis …
Heat Transfer Mechanisms In Water-Based Nanofluids., Masoudeh Ahmadi
Heat Transfer Mechanisms In Water-Based Nanofluids., Masoudeh Ahmadi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Nanofluids are a class of heat transport fluids created by suspending nano-scaled metallic or nonmetallic particles into a base fluid. Some experimental investigations have revealed that the nanofluids have remarkably higher thermal conductivities than those of conventional pure fluids and are more suited for practical application than the existing techniques of heat transfer enhancement using millimeter and/or micrometer-sized particles in fluids. Use of nanoparticles reduces pressure drop, system wear, and overall mass of the system leading to a reduction in costs over existing enhancement techniques. In this work, the heat transfer coefficient is determined experimentally using copper oxide (CuO) based …
Spare Parts On Demand Using Additive Manufacturing : A Simulation Model For Cost Evaluation., Stefan Jedeck
Spare Parts On Demand Using Additive Manufacturing : A Simulation Model For Cost Evaluation., Stefan Jedeck
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Little is known about the impact of additive manufacturing in the spare part supply chain. A few studies are available, but they focus on specific parts and their applications only. A general model, which can be adapted to different applications, is nonexistent. This dissertation proposes a decision making framework that enables an interested practitioner/manager to decide whether using additive manufacturing to make spare parts on demand is economical when compared to conventional warehousing strategy. The framework consists of two major components: a general discrete event simulation model and a process of designing a wide range of simulation scenarios. The goal …
Synthesis And Functional Evaluation Of Peptide Modified Poly (Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) Nanoparticles To Inhibit Porphyromonas Gingivalis Biofilm Formation., Paridhi Kalia
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Periodontal disease is an oral inflammatory disorder that afflicts roughly 46% of the adults in the U.S. Currently, treatment of periodontal disease involves the removal of plaque from the gingival pocket (with possible antibiotic treatment) and if necessary, gingival surgery. To our knowledge, no therapeutic approach exists that promotes host-biofilm homeostasis by limiting pathogen recolonization of the oral cavity after prophylaxis or treatment. The interaction of the pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis with commensal streptococci is critical for initiation of periodontitis and represents a target for limiting P. gingivalis colonization of the oral cavity. Previous studies showed that a synthetic peptide …
Development Of A Vascularized, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Liver-Tissue Mimic For Therapeutic Applications., Venkat Madhav Ramakrishnan
Development Of A Vascularized, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Liver-Tissue Mimic For Therapeutic Applications., Venkat Madhav Ramakrishnan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation describes the incorporation of several technologies (stem cells, gene therapy, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine) into a single project that aims to produce a liver-tissue mimic for therapeutic applications. The liver is arguably one of the most complex organs in the body. In addition to its remarkable capacity to regenerate, it performs a host of vital functions. As a result, its impairment has widespread systemic consequences. The work described herein focused on the liver in the context of cardiovascular disease and used the heritable disorder Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) as a clinical disease model. As (a) the only definitive …
New Visible Light Absorber For Solar Fuels : Ga(Sbx)N1-X Alloys., Swathi Sunkara
New Visible Light Absorber For Solar Fuels : Ga(Sbx)N1-X Alloys., Swathi Sunkara
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Solar energy conversion to fuels via photoelectrochemical water splitting is one of the most important technological directions toward meeting the global energy and environmental challenge. However, till date, there are no suitable semiconductor materials available that can absorb visible light, possess right kind of band edge energetics and are stable in aqueous environments. In this work, a new III-V alloy material Ga(Sbx)N1-x with dilute antimony concentration is proposed and developed for photoelectrochemical water splitting. Experimental studies were conducted first to synthesize the proposed alloy materials to understand structure-property relationships and compare them to those obtained using first principles computations. Finally, …
Evaluation Of Two-Phase Evaporation Pressure Drop Correlations For Low Refrigerant Mass Flux., Anna Fenko
Evaluation Of Two-Phase Evaporation Pressure Drop Correlations For Low Refrigerant Mass Flux., Anna Fenko
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This study was conducted to evaluate three currently popular two-phase pressure drop models for extremely low velocity refrigerant flow through smooth circular evaporators in household refrigeration systems. Experimental data was taken at mass fluxes under 70 kg/m2s for two refrigerants, R134A and R600A, internal diameters of aluminum evaporators ranging from 0.186 to 0.317 inches, U-bend internal radii ranging from 0.342 to 0.750 inches in horizontal and vertical orientations of evaporators. The geometry of the samples closely resembled a commonly used serpentine shape with multiple U-bends experiencing both, up- and down-flow of the refrigerant. Two empirical models, Müller-Steinhagen & …
Performance Analysis Of A Copper Ii Sulfate Pentahydrate Based Thermogalvanic Cell., Steffen Krebs
Performance Analysis Of A Copper Ii Sulfate Pentahydrate Based Thermogalvanic Cell., Steffen Krebs
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Low grade heat recovery systems are more relevant today due to the rising costs in energy and transition to non-fossil fuel energy sources. Thermogalvanic cells show potential due to low cost and scalability. In this study the performance of a Copper II Sulfate Pentahydrate based electrolyte was evaluated. The effects of electrolyte concentration, electrode separation, and electrode surface area were studied experimentally. Conductive heat transfer within the electrolyte was simulated via SolidWorks. All experimental thermocell testing was conducted to find the maximum power production of a particular cell design. The base cell had a six inch electrode separation with two …
Geotechnical Laboratory Characterization Of Sand-Zeolite Mixtures., Hong Shang,
Geotechnical Laboratory Characterization Of Sand-Zeolite Mixtures., Hong Shang,
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Zeolite and sand mixture is an ideal reactive filling material for the Permeable Reactive barrier (PRB) due to its higher hydraulic conductivity and sorption capacity. This study applied three ASTM standard tests to examine the geotechnical engineering properties of ASTM 20-30 sand and zeolite (clinoptilolite) mixtures with varying zeolite mass percentages (25%, 50%and 75%). Conducted lab tests including: Proctor compaction, hydraulic conductivity in rigid wall permeameter and one-dimensional consolidation. The goals of this study were to quantify the impact of zeolite content and compactive effort on the density, conduction and compressibility of the sand-zeolite mixtures.
Macro Model For Solid And Perforated Masonry Infill Shear Walls., Farid Nemati
Macro Model For Solid And Perforated Masonry Infill Shear Walls., Farid Nemati
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In this dissertation the performance of masonry walls enclosed by frame structures is studied and a new finite element model for these systems is presented. As part of this effort, the common modeling approaches i.e. micro-models and macro-models are briefly reviewed and their specifications are compared. Based on the findings in these comparisons, it was shown that macro modeling is the preferred modeling approach and the development of the new model is presented. The proposed model is described in detail and the calibration procedures along with the material models, used in the proposed model, are presented. To account for the …
Performing A Steady-State Seepage Analysis Using Seep/W : A Primer For Engineering Students., Matthew R. Broaddus
Performing A Steady-State Seepage Analysis Using Seep/W : A Primer For Engineering Students., Matthew R. Broaddus
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This thesis is comprised of five independent modules that were developed to provide a primer to understanding groundwater seepage. These modules serve as the template to conduct steady-state seepage analyses through embankments utilizing SEEP/W, a finite element seepage modeling program. Module 1 and 2 are more theoretical in nature to provide the background knowledge necessary to conduct a steady-state seepage analysis, while Modules 3, 4, and 5 focus more on the application of seepage models and how they can be used to solve various groundwater seepage problems. Supplementary material, including PowerPoint presentations, handouts, and a manual on how to utilize …
Synthesis, Optimization, And Degradation Of A Fish Glue/Plga Polymer., Adam T. Schworer 1989-
Synthesis, Optimization, And Degradation Of A Fish Glue/Plga Polymer., Adam T. Schworer 1989-
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Biomaterials used for tissue engineering, specifically polymers, come from either naturally occurring, like gelatin or collagen, or synthetic sources, such as polyesters. Often times, it is advantageous to combine biomaterials in order to maximize certain material properties, such as cellular adhesion and degradation. The purpose of this study is to provide direction for the synthesis, characterization, and a combination of a combination biomaterial between fish glue (FG), a natural source polymer, and poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), a synthetically made polyester. First, FG is characterized for molecular weight via Gel Permeation Chromatography, GPC. Two combination methods to mix FG/PLGA solutions are then …
Optimization Of Support Structures For Selective Laser Melting., Kai Zeng
Optimization Of Support Structures For Selective Laser Melting., Kai Zeng
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Additive Manufacturing (AM) users rely on experiments and experience to predict the performance of AM processes. This trial and error approach for qualifying AM parts takes significant time and money. Simulation tools are an urgent need for today’s AM industry. One area of need is the automatic generation of optimized support structures based upon the scan patterns used to produce those structures. This research seeks to develop support structure generation tools based on real scan pattern and thermo-mechanical simulation tools for Selective Laser Melting (SLM) developed at the University of Louisville and being commercialized by 3DSIM, LLC. In order to …
Mechanics Of Electrode Materials In Lithium Battery Applications., Jubin Chen
Mechanics Of Electrode Materials In Lithium Battery Applications., Jubin Chen
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
During lithiation and detlithiation, substantial volumetric changes occur within the electrode materials used for rechargeable lithium batteries. The magnitude of these deformations is inherently linked to the electrical capacity of the battery electrical capacity, which tends to degrade with repeated cycling. In this dissertation, the relationship between electrical discharge capacity and mechanical deformation state is examined using in-situ imaging of the working electrode surface within a custom CR2032 coin cell lithium battery. Digital image correlation is used to quantify electrode strains throughout the discharge-charge process. The effect of constraint due to substrate stiffness is investigated for two film materials: traditional …
Model Of A Tubular Perfusion Bioreactor Using Computational Fluid Dynamics., Matthew James Robeson 1991-
Model Of A Tubular Perfusion Bioreactor Using Computational Fluid Dynamics., Matthew James Robeson 1991-
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Through recent years, many novel bioreactor designs for tissue engineering have emerged. The Tubular Perfusion System (TPS) is one such bioreactor for bone and cartilage tissue engineering. The TPS is a perfusion type bioreactor, in which media flows through a bed of scaffold beads. The advantage of this system over similar designs is that it requires no special fabrication techniques and operates at low pressure. Experimental trials have shown increased osteoblastic differentiation and mineralization of bone tissue grown using the TPS versus static culture. The effectiveness of the TPS in promoting osteoblastic differentiation is believed to be due to enhanced …
Fibroblast-Derived Extracellular Matrix: An Alternative Cell Culture Substrate That Alters Lung Cancer Cell Line Phenotype., Michael Thomas Scherzer
Fibroblast-Derived Extracellular Matrix: An Alternative Cell Culture Substrate That Alters Lung Cancer Cell Line Phenotype., Michael Thomas Scherzer
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Poor lung cancer survival can largely be contributed to the metastatic cells that invade and spread throughout the body. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is composed of multiple cell types, as well as non-cellular components. The TME plays a critical role in the development of metastatic cancers by providing migratory cues that change the growing tumor’s properties. The Extracellular Matrix (ECM), a main component of the TME, has been shown to change composition during tumor progression, allowing cancer cells to invade tissue and survive away from the primary cancer site. Although the ECM is well-known to influence the fate of tumor …
Corrigendum: Responses To Catastrophic Agi Risk: A Survey (2015 Phys. Scr. 90 018001), Kaj Sotala, Roman V. Yampolskiy
Corrigendum: Responses To Catastrophic Agi Risk: A Survey (2015 Phys. Scr. 90 018001), Kaj Sotala, Roman V. Yampolskiy
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Community Engagement, Environmental Education, And Public Outreach In Sustainable Engineering : A Collaborative Demonstration Project For Water Treatment Using Natural Processes And Sustainable Materials., Venkata Durga Prasad Gullapalli
Community Engagement, Environmental Education, And Public Outreach In Sustainable Engineering : A Collaborative Demonstration Project For Water Treatment Using Natural Processes And Sustainable Materials., Venkata Durga Prasad Gullapalli
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Community engagement through environmental education for the public is an important component in the link between individual citizens, their community, and local government agencies responsible for maintaining urban recreation and park areas. Streams and waterways passing through urban areas are often misunderstood by the public in terms of whether the waterway is natural, constructed, or a combination of both. Additionally, aspects of water quality or water pollution are often obscure to the community and there are limited means to provide direct information to the public. In any case, the public are often drawn to interact with urban streams through recreation …
Bi-Stable Buckled Energy Harvesters Actuated Via Torque Arms., Daniel Allen Porter
Bi-Stable Buckled Energy Harvesters Actuated Via Torque Arms., Daniel Allen Porter
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Vibrational energy harvesters (VEH) are one way to generate electricity. Though the energy quantities are not enough to run desktop computers, they can power remote devices such as temperature, pressure, and accelerometer sensors or power biological implants. New versions of the Bluetooth protocol can even be used with VEH technology to send wireless data. An important aspect of VEH devices is the power output, operating frequency, and bandwidth. This dissertation investigates a novel method of actuating the primary buckled energy harvesting structure using torque arms as a force amplification mechanism. Buckled structures can exhibit snap-through and has the potential to …
Electrocatalyst Decorated Hematite Nanowire Arrays For Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting., Erica James
Electrocatalyst Decorated Hematite Nanowire Arrays For Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting., Erica James
College of Arts & Sciences Senior Honors Theses
Solar power is a leading option for renewable energy. However, storing solar energy is one of the leading pitfalls in this field, and one viable option is to store solar energy in chemical bonds, for example in H2 via water splitting. Hematite, α-Fe2O3, is one of the possible semiconductors that has been researched to drive photoelectrolysis of water. Hematite alone is not a decent material for photoelectrolysis because of the large activation energy required to begin the reaction. To make hematite more useful for photoelectrolysis an electrocatalyst, such as nickel oxide, is needed. In this experiment, nickel (II) nitrate was …
Simulation-Based Optimization Of Mitigation Strategies For Pandemic Influenza., Arsalan Paleshi
Simulation-Based Optimization Of Mitigation Strategies For Pandemic Influenza., Arsalan Paleshi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Millions of people have been infected and died as results of influenza pandemics in human history. In order to prepare for these disasters, it is important to know how the disease spreads. Further, intervention strategies should be implemented during the pandemics to mitigate their ill effects. Knowledge of how these interventions will affect the pandemic course is paramount for decision makers. This study develops a simulation-based optimization model which aims at finding a combination of strategies that result in the best value for an objective function of defined metrics under a set of constraints. Also, a procedure is presented to …
Experimental And Analytical Study Of An Open Cathode Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell., Alex Martin Bates
Experimental And Analytical Study Of An Open Cathode Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell., Alex Martin Bates
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In this thesis four different fuel cell designs were simulated with consideration for electrochemical effects, reactant species transport, and heat transfer. Simulation results include the mass fraction of hydrogen, oxygen, and water, temperature gradient, pressure gradient, and velocity profile. One of the fuel cell designs was experimentally tested using two different membrane electrolyte assemblies; one high performance and the other high durability. The polarization curve resulting from simulation compares well with the polarization curve produced by experimental work. A 16 cell fuel cell stack was simulated with consideration for stack compression. The same fuel cell stack was tested experimentally for …
Feasibility Testing Of Chill Filtration Of Brown Spirits To Increase Product Stability., Juan Cristobal Merizalde Carrillo
Feasibility Testing Of Chill Filtration Of Brown Spirits To Increase Product Stability., Juan Cristobal Merizalde Carrillo
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This thesis summarizes a feasibility study focused on filtering American whiskey, matured in new toasted and charred casks, at 25 ºF in order to remove haze which forms when product is diluted from cask strength (62% ABV) to bottling strength (40 – 50% ABV). Chill filtration is a process already implemented in the brown spirits industry in order to guarantee the stability of products at different ethyl alcohol concentrations. The filtration trials and cellulose-pad performance were evaluated in terms of economics, turbidity reduction, test time, throughput, color reduction, and shelf life stability. Those trials with satisfactory overall color and stability …
Development Of A Surrogate Bruising Detection System To Describe Potential Bruising Patterns Associated With Common Childhood Falls., Raymond Dsouza
Development Of A Surrogate Bruising Detection System To Describe Potential Bruising Patterns Associated With Common Childhood Falls., Raymond Dsouza
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Child abuse is a leading cause of fatality in children aged 0-4 years. An estimated 1,700 children die annually as a result of child abuse of which threequarters (75.7%) of the children were younger than 4 years old1. Infants (younger than 1 year) had the highest rate of fatalities among the group. Many of the serious injuries and fatalities could have potentially been prevented if clinicians and child protective services were able to better distinguish between injuries associated with abuse versus those caused by accidents. Missed cases of child abuse have been shown to be as high as 71% of …
Computational Methods To Predict And Enhance Decision-Making With Biomedical Data., Behnaz Abdollahi
Computational Methods To Predict And Enhance Decision-Making With Biomedical Data., Behnaz Abdollahi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The proposed research applies machine learning techniques to healthcare applications. The core ideas were using intelligent techniques to find automatic methods to analyze healthcare applications. Different classification and feature extraction techniques on various clinical datasets are applied. The datasets include: brain MR images, breathing curves from vessels around tumor cells during in time, breathing curves extracted from patients with successful or rejected lung transplants, and lung cancer patients diagnosed in US from in 2004-2009 extracted from SEER database. The novel idea on brain MR images segmentation is to develop a multi-scale technique to segment blood vessel tissues from similar tissues …
Nanoscale Electrode Architectures For Electrochemical Energy Conversion And Storage., Venkat Kalyan Vendra
Nanoscale Electrode Architectures For Electrochemical Energy Conversion And Storage., Venkat Kalyan Vendra
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Nanoscale electrode architectures are at the heart of photoelectrochemical devices converting sunlight into electricity and electrochemical devices that store energy. Advanced nanomaterials encompassing 1-D architectures such as single crystalline metal oxide nanowires, 2-D architectures such graphene nanosheets and nanoparticle-nanowire hybrids have garnered significant interest as promising materials for fabricating thicker electrodes due their unique electronic, phase transformation and strain relaxation properties. However, electrode architectures incorporating these advanced nanomaterials will have a transformational impact on large scale electrode manufacturing only if the challenges associated with the electrode durability are addressed. At a fundamental level, the reactions happening at the electrode-electrolyte interface …