Engineering Commons^™

Machine Learning Methods For Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy, Danushka Sandaruwan Bandara

Dissertations - ALL

Identification of user state is of interest in a wide range of disciplines that fall under the umbrella of human machine interaction. Functional Near Infra-Red Spectroscopy (fNIRS) device is a relatively new device that enables inference of brain activity through non-invasively pulsing infra-red light into the brain. The fNIRS device is particularly useful as it has a better spatial resolution than the Electroencephalograph (EEG) device that is most commonly used in Human Computer Interaction studies under ecologically valid settings. But this key advantage of fNIRS device is underutilized in current literature in the fNIRS domain.

We propose machine learning methods …

Static Enforcement Of Termination-Sensitive Noninterference Using The C++ Template Type System, Scott Douglas Constable

Dissertations - ALL

A side channel is an observable attribute of program execution other than explicit communication, e.g., power usage, execution time, or page fault patterns. A side-channel attack occurs when a malicious adversary observes program secrets through a side channel. This dissertation introduces Covert C++, a library which uses template metaprogramming to superimpose a security-type system on top of C++’s existing type system. Covert C++ enforces an information-flow policy that prevents secret data from influencing program control flow and memory access patterns, thus obviating side-channel leaks. Formally, Covert C++ can facilitate an extended definition of the classical noninterference property, broadened to also …

Structurally Supported Cell-Laden Scaffolds For Bone Tissue Regeneration, Stephen William Sawyer

Dissertations - ALL

Due to challenges associated with current clinical techniques used to treat bone defects, there has been an increased focus on finding a tissue engineered solution. However, while great progress in this field has been achieved, researchers have yet to suitably combine the proper biological and structural environments needed to serve as a complete bone tissue substitute that is comparable to modern clinical solutions.

To achieve the goal of creating a model bone tissue substitute which could eventually serve as a viable therapy for bone trauma, be it caused by congenital medical conditions, age related diseases or high impact forces, three …

Ecohydrology Of Natural And Restored Wetlands In A Glacial Plain, Kyotaek Hwang

Dissertations - ALL

More than half of wetland area in the U.S. have been converted to other land use types for agricultural use and development. Limited understanding of ecological services provided to society by wetlands is another reason for the massive wetland loss in the past. Section 404 of the Clean Water Act and the 1989 federal mandate of “no net wetland loss” supported increased efforts for wetland restoration and creation to compensate for two centuries of ecosystem degradation. Hydrology is a critical driver for wetland formation and sustainability, yet few studies have investigated the ecosystem benefits of restored or constructed wetlands relative …

Interpolation And Extrapolation Of Missing Antenna Measurement Datasets Using The Cauchy Method And Matrix Pencil Method, Nicolas Reginelli

Theses - ALL

As electromagnetic systems become more complex, the computational time and power required to solve these large problems will also increase. It is thus of practical interest to apply methods of interpolation and extrapolation to reduce the amount of data required for accurate computation. Two such approaches of the implementation of interpolation and extrapolation examined in this thesis are the Cauchy method and the Matrix Pencil method.

This thesis explores the theory, process, and application of the Cauchy method and Matrix Pencil method in interpolating and extrapolating performance metrics of various electromagnetic systems. The Cauchy method begins by assuming that an …

A Smart Products Lifecycle Management (Splm) Framework - Modeling For Conceptualization, Interoperability, And Modularity, Yunpeng Li

Dissertations - ALL

Autonomy and intelligence have been built into many of today’s mechatronic products, taking advantage of low-cost sensors and advanced data analytics technologies. Design of product intelligence (enabled by analytics capabilities) is no longer a trivial or additional option for the product development. The objective of this research is aimed at addressing the challenges raised by the new data-driven design paradigm for smart products development, in which the product itself and the smartness require to be carefully co-constructed.

A smart product can be seen as specific compositions and configurations of its physical components to form the body, its analytics models to …

On Classification In Human-Driven And Data-Driven Systems, Qunwei Li

Dissertations - ALL

Classification systems are ubiquitous, and the design of effective classification algorithms has been an even more active area of research since the emergence of machine learning techniques. Despite the significant efforts devoted to training and feature selection in classification systems, misclassifications do occur and their effects can be critical in various applications. The central goal of this thesis is to analyze classification problems in human-driven and data-driven systems, with potentially unreliable components and design effective strategies to ensure reliable and effective classification algorithms in such systems. The components/agents in the system can be machines and/or humans. The system components can …

Efficient Machine Learning: Models And Accelerations, Zhe Li

Dissertations - ALL

One of the key enablers of the recent unprecedented success of machine learning is the adoption of very large models. Modern machine learning models typically consist of multiple cascaded layers such as deep neural networks, and at least millions to hundreds of millions of parameters (i.e., weights) for the entire model. The larger-scale model tend to enable the extraction of more complex high-level features, and therefore, lead to a significant improvement of the overall accuracy. On the other side, the layered deep structure and large model sizes also demand to increase computational capability and memory requirements. In order to achieve …

Collecting Standards For Scholarship, Organization, Industry, And Innovation, Julia Gelfand, Ibironke Lawal, Jill Powell, Anne Rauh

Libraries' and Librarians' Publications

Building on the successful 2017 presentation, A Primer in Science and Engineering Collection Development, this presentation will explore a content type that stumps the engineering librarian and acquisitions librarian alike - standards. Technical standards are documents that establish a uniform practice or process for materials, procedures, and products. Each of us uses standards daily - from USB ports to elevators to lights, automobiles, bridges, standardized train tracks, and much more. Standards are prepared and issued by a professional groups, committees, societies, or governmental agencies, and can influence safety and performance and the role of business and manufacturing.

Four librarians from …

Full Proceedings, 2018, Jianshun Zhang

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Full conference proceedings for the 2018 International Building Physics Association Conference hosted at Syracuse University.

Breaking Symmetry: A Study Of Novel Phenomena In Asymmetric Nanoplasmonic Systems, Matthew Scott Davis

Dissertations - ALL

Offering tailorable optical properties not achievable with symmetric or periodic optical materials, chiral, weakly disordered, deterministic aperiodic, quasiperiodic and random structures make up a new wave of asymmetric optical systems demonstrating unprecedented control of light compared to their periodic counterparts in areas such as random lasing, imaging, and bio-sensing. The governing physics of asymmetric systems is, however, not as analytically intuitive and computationally straightforward as periodic or highly symmetric systems, and thus the availability of simple analytic and computational design tools has made periodic systems an attractive option for many optical applications. For example, plasmonic systems consisting of periodic arrays …

Hybrid Electric Distributed Propulsion For Vertical Takeoff And Landing Aircraft, Andrew Voss Welles

Dissertations - ALL

This research effort explores the interactions between aerodynamics and hybridelectric power system (HEPS) design and control for vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) aircraft applications. Specifically, this research focuses on embedded distributed electric propulsion systems, for which the aerodynamic forces and moments are inextricably linked to power input.

This effort begins by characterizing the performance of two similar embedded propulsion systems using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). From this initial analysis, a wind tunnel model is constructed and the systems are tested across the operating conditions required to characterize the performance of a VTOL aircraft, where 0 deg ≤ α ≤ 90 …

Shock Tube And Mid-Ir Laser Absorption Study Of Combustion Kinetics, Shirin Jouzdani

Dissertations - ALL

This thesis focuses on the experimental characterization of the combustion properties of representative alternative fuels. Specifically, a shock tube and direct laser absorption systems are used to investigate the ignition and pyrolysis processes of target fuels. The research problem is motivated by concern about climate change and diminishing fossil fuels. There is a need to develop advanced combustion systems and use more alternative fuels. Innovative designs of combustion systems characterized by lower emissions and higher efficiencies can be facilitated by validated models of the chemical processes involved in combustion. The development of such validated models relies on extensive experimental measurements …

Molecular Dynamics Study On The Structure, Dynamics And Stress Response Of Dilute Micellar Systems In Uniaxial Extensional Deformation, Kelechi Okoroafor

Dissertations - ALL

Micellar structures have been proposed for potential application in hydrotropy, biomimetics, dispersion and emulsification, enhanced oil recovery, detergency, templating, drug delivery, personal care products, drag reduction, nanoscale reaction vessels, therapeutic gene delivery, bio-catalysis and so on. Though several studies exist, there still remains a gap in the current knowledge on structural response of single micelles in solution to uniaxial extensional flow deformation. These knowledge gaps are possibly due to the inability of traditional experimental studies to investigate micellar properties at the time- and length-scale pertinent to self-assembly and micellar dynamics. To this end, this work aims to utilise coarse-grained molecular …

In Vivo, Real-Time Spectroscopic Assessment Of Contusion-Based Spinal Cord Injury In A Rat Model, Kyle Kelly Bishop

Theses - ALL

The goal of this study was to (1) develop a methodology for real-time, in vivo probing of chemical and physical changes in spinal cords and (2) compare these changes in the immediate aftermath of a localized contusive injury to uninjured spinal cords. Raman spectroscopy images were obtained on in vivo spinal cords that had been surgically exposed between T9 and T10. A total of six rats were studied in two n=3 groups of injured and uninjured control animals. A single 830 nm laser of 100 um round spot size was either spatially scanned across the cord or held at a …

Measuring Atmospheric Dry Deposition To Urban Surfaces, Alexander J. Johnson

Theses - ALL

Surrogate surfaces are used to measure atmospheric dry deposition of contaminants, and are sometimes designed intentionally with simple geometry to estimate the lower limit of the flux to any surface. However, most surrogate surfaces have a small collection area: long periods of dry weather may be needed to obtain sufficient deposited contaminants to be detected and quantified, and such exposure periods may not be common in wet climates. In this study, two relatively large surrogate surfaces—disks with surface areas > 1 m2—were designed to measure dry deposition of F-, Cl-, SO42-, and NO3- in Syracuse, NY. Results indicate that good reproducibility …

Fabrication Of 3d Tissue Constructs Using Standing Post Platform, Kantaphon Suddhapas

Theses - ALL

3D tissue constructs offer a simplified model that mimics the in vivo tissues. Standing post platform has been established in this study to fabricate 3D tissues with a variety of shapes. Non-fouling PDMS molds cast from ABS templates were seeded by cell-laden collagen type I scaffolds. The scaffolds were aggregated to form the tissues within 24 hours. Human fibroblast, hiPSC-CM, and hiPSC-MSC tissue rings were successfully fabricated with this standing post platform. Ring contracture of fibroblasts and hiPSC-MSCs was observed and compared with different collagen density, different cell seeding density, and different cell culture concentration. In addition, the tissue constructs …

Seasonal Patterns Of Total And Methyl Mercury Concentrations In Ground And Surface Waters In Natural And Restored Freshwater Wetlands In Northern New York, Ting Wang

Theses - ALL

Among mercury species, methylmercury (MeHg) strongly bioaccumulates and biomagnifies in aquatic food chains, generally controlling the exposure that threatens human and wildlife health. Wetlands are important environments for biogeochemical transformations of Hg, as reducing conditions and wetting/drying cycles promote the production of MeHg. In recent years, nearly half of freshwater wetlands have been lost. In response, there has been an effort to restore freshwater wetlands to improve the ecosystem services they provide. Although wetlands are important landscape features that supply MeHg to downstream aquatic ecosystems, there have been few studies comparing the processing of Hg in restored wetlands with natural …

Evaluating Baseflow Recession Behavior Using The Integrated Hydrologic Model Parflow, Emily Gaub

Theses - ALL

Hydrologists have long studied the rate of streamflow recession as a means of understanding watershed properties. Historically, recession events were lumped together for analysis. However, more recent work has shown that individual recession events behave differently, and additional insights can be gained by evaluating events individually. The analysis of individual recession events has been shown to be a valuable tool for examining hydrologic processes in large watersheds, however its connection to hydrologic models has not been thoroughly explored. We used the integrated hydrologic model ParFlow to systematically explore the drivers of baseflow recession curves. Using ParFlow we demonstrated that the …

Homotypic And Heterotypic Self-Assembly Of Claudin Family Of Tight Junction Proteins, Lisa Danielle Nguyen

Theses - ALL

Tight junctions, found in all epithelial cells, are selective barriers that restrict the diffusion of ions and molecules within the paracellular space. They are important for maintaining cell polarity as well as for compartmentalization and establishing homeostasis within the human body. Tight junctions are comprised of complex protein assemblies. Within this protein assemble are a family of transmembrane proteins known as claudins that play a crucial role in establishing the tight junction network. Claudins are also influential in controlling the tight junction permeability. When mutations or malfunctioning occurs within a claudin gene, tight junction function is impaired. Disruption of their …

Sustainability Benefits Analysis Of Cybermanufacturing Systems, Zhengyi Song

Dissertations - ALL

Confronted with growing sustainability awareness, mounting environmental pressure, meeting modern customers’ demand and the need to develop stronger market competitiveness, the manufacturing industry is striving to address sustainability-related issues in manufacturing. A new manufacturing system called CyberManufacturing System (CMS) has a great potential in addressing sustainability issues by handling manufacturing tasks differently and better than traditional manufacturing systems. CMS is an advanced manufacturing system where physical components are fully integrated and seamlessly networked with computational processes. The recent developments in Internet of Things, Cloud Computing, Fog Computing, Service-Oriented Technologies, etc., all contribute to the development of CMS. Under the context …

A Knowledge Enriched Computational Model To Support Lifecycle Activities Of Computational Models In Smart Manufacturing, Heng Zhang

Dissertations - ALL

Due to the needs in supporting lifecycle activities of computational models in Smart Manufacturing (SM), a Knowledge Enriched Computational Model (KECM) is proposed in this dissertation to capture and integrate domain knowledge with standardized computational models. The KECM captures domain knowledge into information model(s), physics-based model(s), and rationales. To support model development in a distributed environment, the KECM can be used as the medium for formal information sharing between model developers. A case study has been developed to demonstrate the utilization of the KECM in supporting the construction of a Bayesian Network model. To support the deployment of computational models …

Multimedia Transmission Over Wireless Networks: Performance Analysis And Optimal Resource Allocation, Chuang Ye

Dissertations - ALL

In recent years, multimedia applications such as video telephony, teleconferencing, and video streaming, which are delay sensitive and bandwidth intensive, have started to account for a significant portion of the data traffic in wireless networks. Such multimedia applications require certain quality of service (QoS) guarantees in terms of delay, packet loss, buffer underflows and overflows, and received multimedia quality. It is also important to note that such requirements need to be satisfied in the presence of limited wireless resources, such as power and bandwidth. Therefore, it is critical to conduct a rigorous performance analysis of multimedia transmissions over wireless networks …

Computational Analysis Of Developmental Disorders In Children, Siri Chandana Sambatur

Theses - ALL

Early developmental disorders are common in children between the ages of 3 through 17. These developmental disorders begin at early ages and affect the day-to-day activities of children. These disorders also impact the growth and lifestyle of children. Most of the time these developmental disorders co-exist in children. The main focus of our research lies in Autism Spectrum Disorder, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Deletion syndrome (22q) and their co-occurrences.

Most child psychologists and pediatricians diagnose these disorders in children through parent-based surveys. Our research uses three different parent-based reports: (1) Autism Diagnostic Interview (ADI), (2) Behavioral Assessment Schedule for Children (BASC), and …

Climate Change Impacts On Western Reservoir Operations: A Case Study Of Bull Run Watershed, Portland, Oregon, Nima Fayaz

Theses - ALL

Climate change has the potential to alter the quantity and timing of runoff, which may pose significant challenges for the reservoir management. This study evaluates the projected climate impact on the reservoir system of Portland, Oregon. Using sixteen climate models spanning four emission scenarios, the performance reservoir operating policies and their sensitivity to the choice of GCMs and time periods are assessed. Use of historical rule curves for reservoir operations results reduces forecast reliability for future periods. This general trend for decreasing forecast reliability for future periods is not sensitive to the choice of GCM. Regardless of the selected reservoir …

Destruction Of Moving Leukemia Cancer Cells In An Extra-Corporeal System Using Continuous Low-Frequency Ultrasound, Dhairya Raval

Theses - ALL

Low frequency ultrasound has been used for therapeutic purposes since a long time. It is non-invasive and thus application for medical purpose is easier. This method has been used in labs for preclinical in-vitro settings to observe the effects of low frequency ultrasound sound on neoplastic cells lines. The human leukemia cell lines are sonic sensitive and when exposed to various low frequencies of ultrasound for an amount of time, can cause their lysis and decrease their viability. The project focuses on using low frequency ultrasound on syringe pump mediated flowing leukemia cell lines and see how much their sonic …

Structure-Property Relationships In Novel Electrospun Composites For Advanced Applications, Melodie Lawton

Dissertations - ALL

Active polymeric materials that alter shape in response to an external stimulus offer unique avenues for the design and study of dynamic structures. This research focused on developing elastomeric polymer composites with multiple functionalities by exploring the design and properties for various applications including controlled drug delivery and shape memory.

The first part of this dissertation describes the fabrication and characterization of a soft, elastomeric polymeric composite with inherent shape memory properties capable of localized, long-term tunable drug release. In Chapter 2, the fibers were loaded with a hydrophilic drug model, Rhodamine B, and embedded within a siloxane-based elastomeric matrix …

Modeling And Resource Allocation In Mobile Wireless Networks, Jing Wang

Dissertations - ALL

We envision that in the near future, just as Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS), radios and radio resources in a wireless network can also be provisioned as a service to Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNOs), which we refer to as Radio-as-a-Service (RaaS). In this thesis, we present a novel auction-based model to enable fair pricing and fair resource allocation according to real-time needs of MVNOs for RaaS. Based on the proposed model, we study the auction mechanism design with the objective of maximizing social welfare. We present an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) and Vickrey-Clarke-Groves (VCG) based auction mechanism for obtaining optimal social welfare. …

Multi-Type Fair Resource Allocation For Distributed Multi-Robot Systems, Qinyun Zhu

Dissertations - ALL

Fair resource allocation is essential to ensure that all resource requesters acquire adequate resources and accomplish tasks. We propose solutions to the fairness problem in multi-type resource allocation for multi-robot systems that have multiple resource requesters. We apply the dominant resource fairness (DRF) principle in our solutions to two different systems: single-tasking robots with multi-robot tasks (STR-MRT) and multi-tasking robots with single-robot tasks (MTR-SRT). In STR-MRT, each robot can perform only one task at a time, tasks are divisible, and accomplishing each task requires one or more robots. In MTR-SRT, each robot can perform multiple tasks at a time, tasks …

Model-Based Testing And Evaluation Of Sorption Media For Removing Volatile Organic Compounds In Indoor Air, Chuan He

Dissertations - ALL

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), which may cause short and long term adverse health effects, constitute a significant class of indoor gaseous pollutants. To reduce the VOC concentration of indoor environment, an in-depth understanding of the performance of the air cleaning technologies that address VOCs is important. Although many studies have been conducted to evaluate the performance of air cleaning devices, most of them were performed at elevated concentration level (~ppmv). The performance of the sorbent media at realistic VOC concentration (ppbv) is still not clear due to lack of experiment data and theoretical study. The test conducted under the low …