Engineering Commons^™

Evaluating And Estimating The Effect Ofland Use Changed On Water Quality At Selorejo Reservoir, Indonesia, Mohammad Sholichin - -

Mohammad Sholichin - -

Nutrients are necessary for the survival of living organisms. The most important nutrient in aquatic ecosystem is typically Nitrogen (N) and Phosphorus (P). It was considered to be an important water quality concern in Konto River Basin due to a high water pollutant indication problem of reservoir Selorejo. Nitrogen and phosphorous are the two nutrients originating from inorganic and organic fertilizer that affect the reservoir water quality due to intensive agricultural farming. Increased N and P fertilizer application on the agriculture activity has larges N and P nutrient burdens to the reservoir through runoff and leaching. The aim of this …

Blind Speaker Clustering, Ananth N. Iyer, Uchechukwu O. Ofoegbu, Robert E. Yantorno, Brett Y. Smolenski

Ananth N Iyer

A novel approach to performing speaker clustering in telephone conversations is presented in this paper. The method is based on a simple observation that the distance between populations of feature vectors extracted from different speakers is greater than a preset threshold. This observation is incorporated into the clustering problem by the formulation of a constrained optimization problem. A modified c-means algorithm is designed to solve the optimization problem. Another key aspect in speaker clustering is to determine the number of clusters, which is either assumed or expected as an input in traditional methods. The proposed method does not require such …

Generic Modeling Applied To Speaker Count, Ananth N. Iyer, Uchechukwu O. Ofoegbu, Robert E. Yantorno, Brett Y. Smolenski

Ananth N Iyer

The problem of determing the number of speakers participating in a conversation and building their models in short conversations, within an unknown group of speakers, is addressed in this paper. The lack of information about the number of speakers and the unavailability of sufficient data present a challenging task of efficiently estimating the speaker model parameters. The proposed method uses a novel generic speaker identification (GSID) system as a guide in the model building process. The GSID system is designed performing speaker identification where the speaker associated with the test data may not be enrolled. The models in the GSID …

A New Diagnostic Method Of Faulty Transistor In A Three Phase Inverter, Boukhemis Chetate , Tarak Benslimane

Boukhemis Chetate

No abstract provided.

Towards A New Taxation System For Motor Vehicles, Theodoros Zachariadis

Theodoros Zachariadis

No abstract provided.

Investigating Stiff-Knee Gait With Subject-Specific Simulations, Jeffrey A. Reinbolt, M. D. Fox, S. L. Delp

Jeffrey A. Reinbolt

No abstract provided.

Stabilization/Solidification Of Lead-Contaminated Soil Using Cement And Rice Husk Ash, Hilmi Mahmud

Hilmi Mahmud

This paper presents the findings of a study on solidification/stabilization (S/S) of lead-contaminated soil using ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and rice husk ash (RHA). The effects of varying lead concentrations (in the form of nitrates) in soil samples on the physical properties of their stabilized forms, namely unconfined compressive strength (UCS), setting times of early mixtures and changes in crystalline phases as well as chemical properties such as leachability of lead, pH and alkalinity of leachates are studied. Results have indicated that usage of OPC with RHA as an overall binder system for S/S of lead-contaminated soils is more favorable …

Modification Of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes By Microwave Digestion Method As Electrocatalyst Supports For Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Applications, Fang-Tzu Chuang

Fang-Tzu Chuang

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) which were directly synthesized on carbon cloth were modified by a microwave digestion method in 5M HNO3 for supporting Pt nanoparticles. The characterizations of modified CNTs were carried out by TEM, XPS, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. The HRTEM image shows the caps of MWCNTs are opened after modifying by microwave digestion method. The open-end and undamaged MWCNTs can provide a larger surface area for supporting more catalysts. Furthermore, the methanol electrocatalytic oxidation of microwave digestion treated Pt/MWCNTs electrode shows higher current density than pristine and nitric acid-treated MWCNTs from cyclic voltammograms. This can be an effective …

Analiza Możliwości Ograniczenia Emisji Zanieczyszczeń Powietrza Z Instalacji Spalania Odpadów Medycznych W Tarnowie, Robert Oleniacz

Robert Oleniacz

The paper presents initial research of effects of some factors on the amount of gaseous pollutants formation during medical waste incineration in a two-stage starved air fluidised bed reactor. In the research was included the impact of such factors as oxygen contents in flue gases, frequency of waste loading, momentary mass flow of waste and temperature in the secondary combustion chambers. Measurements showed that the waste incineration in large amount periodically caused excessive emissions incomplete combustion products (CO, HC), especially during wrong operation of the combustion system. The work demonstrated that the essential importance for CO and HC formation reducing …

Anaerobic Catalytic Oxidation Of Hydrocarbons In Moving Heat Waves. Case Simulation: Propane Oxidative Dehydrogenation In A Packed Adiabatic V-Ti Oxide Catalyst Bed, Andrey N. Zagoruiko

Andrey N Zagoruiko

The model simulation study has shown that the anaerobic process of oxidative dehydrogenation of propane under periodic alteration of feeding between propane and air may be realized in adiabatic catalyst beds in stable continuous cyclic mode in two-reactor scheme. In case of appropriate choice of process parameters (cycle duration, feeding flow rates) the process appears to be autothermal, i.e. it does not require any inlet gas preheating for stable operation. Compared to similar steady-state adiabatic process, the proposed process is characterized with much lower maximum catalyst temperatures, giving the way to process pure propane without diluting it with inert gases, …

Chalcopyrite: Bioleaching Versus Pressure Hydrometallurgy, Fathi Habashi

Fathi Habashi

While bioleaching of pyrite concentrates has been successfully used in industry to liberate gold from the sulfide matrix for subsequent cyanidation, the same technology cannot be recommended for leaching chalcopyrite concentrates for copper recovery. It will be shown to be uneconomical and cannot compete with pressure leaching technology.

Choice Of Input Data Type Of Artificial Neural Network To Detect Faults In Alternative Current Systems, Tarak Benslimane, Boukhemis Chetate

Boukhemis Chetate

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Disorder On The Thermal Transport And Elastic Properties In Thermoelectric Zn4Sb3, S. Bhattacharya, R.P. Hermann, Veerle Keppens, T. M. Tritt, G. J. Snyder

Veerle Keppens

Zn4Sb3 undergoes a phase transition from α to β phase at T1≈250 K. The high temperature β-Zn4Sb3 phase has been widely investigated as a potential state-of-the-art thermoelectric (TE) material, due to its remarkably low thermal conductivity. We have performed electronic and thermal transport measurements exploring the structural phase transition at 250 K. The α to β phase transition manifests itself by anomalies in the resistivity, thermopower, and specific heat at 250 K as well as by a reduction in the thermal conductivity as Zn4Sb3 changes phase from the ordered α to the disordered β-phase. Moreover, measurements of the elastic constants …

Modeling Of Three-Phase Uniform Symmetrical Sampling Digital Pwm For Power Converter, Saad Mekhilef

Saad Mekhilef

A mathematical approach of modeling and analyzing three-phase pulsewidth modulation (PWM) is presented. The three-phase flyback converter required a unique pattern of PWM to optimize the power transfer in the magnetic circuit used in the converter. The three-phase PWM is generated digitally based on uniform symmetrical sampling technique using Xilinx chip. The generated PWM pattern is able to reduce the magnitude of the low order of harmonic components present in the input ac supply. Although software simulation could simulate the PWM pattern, it does not represent the exact pattern as being generated digitally. The mathematical approach used is to model …

Artificial Neural Network Modeling Technique For Voltage Stability Assessment Of Radial Distribution Systems, Mohamed M. Hamada Dr., Mohamed A. A. Wahab Prof. Dr., Nasser G. A. Hemdan Dr. Ing.

Dr.-Ing. Nasser Hemdan

This paper presents an artificial neural network (ANN) based modeling technique for predicting the voltage stability of radial distribution systems. The modeling technique is based on a new voltage stability index for assessment of radial distribution systems Lv . The index is implemented to investigate a 33-bus distribution system. An ANN model which has an input layer with two input vectors (P, Q), one hidden layer, and an output layer, which gives the predicted value for the voltage stability index Lv is suggested to predict the value of this index. The performance of the ANN model is tested by using …

Error Allocation In Complex Systems Design, Robert A. Mcdonald

Robert A. McDonald

A fidelity trade environment was conceived, formulated, developed, and demonstrated. This development relied on the advancement of enabling techniques including error propagation, metamodeling, and information management. These techniques were integrated with an existing commercial systems design framework and an intuitive graphical interface to create a fidelity trade environment. A sensitivity approach to the propagation of error through complex systems was developed. This approach relied on the system sensitivity matrix to model the behavior of a complex system as a whole. In verification tests, the sensitivity approach provided approximate results substantially similar to a Monte Carlo approach that was many orders …

Simulation-Based Treatment Planning For Knee Osteoarthritis, B. J. Fregly, Jeffrey A. Reinbolt

Jeffrey A. Reinbolt

No abstract provided.

Inventions On Using Ldap For Different Purposes-Part-1, Umakant Mishra

Umakant Mishra

The objective of this article is to know how is LDAP used for applications in e-commerce and Policy Management. The analysis of patents shows which Inventive Principles have been used to solve those inventions. Unlike other parts of the study which have tried to improve certain aspect of LDAP technology and application, this article includes the inventions that use LDAP for various different purposes. This article is divided into 3 parts for convenience of size. The first part of the article includes 6 patents using LDAP for “e-commerce” and “Policy Management”. The second part includes 10 patents using LDAP for …

Detection Of A Third Speaker In Telephone Conversations, Uchechukwu O. Ofoegbu, Ananth N. Iyer, Robert E. Yantorno, Stanley J. Wenndt

Ananth N Iyer

Differentiating speakers participating in telephone conversations is a challenging task in speech processing because only short consecutive utterances can be examined for each speaker. Research has shown that, given only brief utterances (1 second or less), humans can recognize speakers with an accuracy of about 54% on average. The task becomes even more challenging when no information about the speakers is known a priori. In this paper, a technique for determining whether there are two or three speakers participating in a telephone conversation is presented. This approach assumes no knowledge or information about any of the participating speakers. The technique …

Tribo-Surface Characteristics Of Al-B4c And Al-Sic Composites Worn Under Different Contact Pressures, Haseeb Asma

Haseeb ASMA

Tribo-surface characteristics of two aluminium metal matrix composites (Al-MMC) of compositions Al-13 vol%B4C and Al-13 vol%SiC sliding against a commercial phenolic brake pad have been investigated under dry conditions. The wear tests were carried out using a pin-on-disc type apparatus at a linear speed of 1.62 ms(-1) under contact pressures ranging from 0.75 to 3.00 MPa. The coefficient of friction was recorded on line. Wear rates were calculated from mass loss measurements. Scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was used to examine the tribo-surface. It is found that wear rate of both composites increases with increasing contact …

Modeling Of The Effects Of Athermal Flow Strength And Activation Energy For Dislocation Glide An The Nanoindentation Creep Of Nickel Thin Film At Room Temperature, Haseeb Asma

Haseeb ASMA

Nanoindentation creep behaviour of nickel at room temperature has been modeled based on the obstacle-controlled dislocation glide mechanism. Using the model, the effects of two important materials parameters viz. the activation free energy required by dislocation to overcome an obstacle without any aid from external stress, Delta F and the athermal flow strength, tau(0), which is the flow strength of solids at 0 K are systematically studied. It has been found that Delta F plays a dominant role in room temperature creep properties of nickel. The role of Delta F is particularly dominant in determining the time dependent deformation. On …

Inventions On Ldap Data Storage- A Triz Based Analysis, Umakant Mishra

Umakant Mishra

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) is an IETF open standard to provide directory services in the network. LDAP stores the directory information in a database. An LDAP server may store data in a Flat file, or in RDBMS or in any other format. The LDAP client applications such as LDAP enabled web browsers like Netscape communicator and Internet Explorer can use LDAP directory interface without having knowledge on the underlying data storage mechanism. This article is a part of the main study made on LDAP based on 60 patents selected from US patent database. (For more details on the study …

Inventions On Extending Ldap Functionality- A Triz Based Analysis, Umakant Mishra

Umakant Mishra

The LDAP server stores the directory information in a database. The client makes a TCP/IP connection and sends requests to an LDAP server. The LDAP server executes the client requests and returns a response to the client. LDAP offers nine basic functional operations, viz., add, delete, modify, bind, unbind, search, compare, and modify distinguished name and abandon. Apart from the above basic operations, LDAP v3 includes new mechanism called Extended Operations, which allows additional operations to be defined for services not available in this protocol, for instance digitally signed operations and results. Using this feature it is possible to provide …

Inventions On Ldap Data Management- A Triz Based Analysis, Umakant Mishra

Umakant Mishra

The data model of LDAP is same as X.500 data model. The LDAP protocol assumes there are one or more servers, which jointly provide access to a Directory Information Tree (DIT). The tree is made up of entries. Entries have relative distinguished name (RDN), which must be unique among all its siblings. The concatenation of the relative distinguished names from a particular entry to an immediate subordinate of the root of the tree forms the Distinguished Name (DN) for that entry. (IETF, RFC 2251).

LDAP provides add, delete and modify operations for data modification. Each of these LDAP update operation …

Inventions On Ldap Administration- A Triz Based Analysis, Umakant Mishra

Umakant Mishra

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) is an IETF open standard to provide directory services in the network. LDAP was initially developed at the University of Michigan with an objective to include most of the features of X.500 directory structure, while eliminating the burdens and difficulties of the same. The LDAP protocols offer the following basic functional operations, viz., add, delete, modify, bind, unbind, search, compare, modify distinguished name, abandon and extended operations. The LDAP server stores the directory information in a database. It offers a rich set of searching capabilities and provides the capability for directory information to be queried …

Inventions On Data Searching In Ldap- A Triz Based Analysis, Umakant Mishra

Umakant Mishra

Searching is one of the most basic operation provided by an LDAP server. LDAP offers a rich set of searching capabilities. The search operation allows a client to request the server to perform a search on its behalf. The search operation locates specific users or services in the directory tree. The LDAP server executes the search (or update) command and returns a response to the client. Upon receipt of a Search Request, a server will perform the necessary search of the DIT. The server will then return to the client a sequence of responses in separate LDAP messages. The search …

Inventions On Ldap Access Interface- A Triz Based Analysis, Umakant Mishra

Umakant Mishra

LDAP server may store data in a Flat file, in RDBMS or in any other database. The LDAP client applications can use LDAP directory interface without having knowledge on the underlying data storage mechanism. LDAP can be mapped onto any other directory system so long as the X.500 data and service model as used in LDAP is not violated in LDAP interface. The individual entries are stored in the directory server. But different clients may need the same data in different format. LDAP specification does not provide any mechanism of accessing data in different format. This article is a TRIZ …

Inventions On Using Ldap For Different Purposes-Part-3, Umakant Mishra

Umakant Mishra

Unlike other parts of the study which have tried to improve certain aspect of LDAP technology and application, this article includes the inventions that use LDAP for various different purposes. This article is divided into 3 parts for convenience of size. The first part of the article includes 6 patents using LDAP for “e-commerce” and “Policy Management”. The second part includes 10 patents using LDAP for “Network Management” and “Telecommunications”. The third part of the article includes 11 patents using LDAP for “World Wide Web” and “Java and CORBA”. This is the third part of the article which analyses patents …

Inventions On Using Ldap For Different Purposes (Part-2) - A Triz Based Analysis Of Us Patents, Umakant Mishra

Umakant Mishra

The objective of this article is to know how is LDAP used for Network Management and Telecommunications. The analysis of patents shows which Inventive Principles have been used to solve those inventions. Unlike other parts of the study which have tried to improve certain aspect of LDAP technology and application, this article includes the inventions that use LDAP for various different purposes. This article is divided into 3 parts for convenience of size. The first part of the article includes 6 patents using LDAP for “e-commerce” and “Policy Management”. The second part includes 10 patents using LDAP for “Network Management” …

Inventions On Integrating Ldap With Other Directories - A Triz Based Analysis Of Us Patents, Umakant Mishra

Umakant Mishra

Thus the LDAP architecture allows multiple LDAP servers work together on the same directory tree or multiple directory trees. Besides, LDAP being built on an open architecture, it is quite possible to integrate with other directory servers. LDAP can be mapped onto any other directory system so long as the X.500 data and service model as used in LDAP is not violated in LDAP interface. LDAP server may store data in a Flat file, in RDBMS or in any other database. The LDAP client applications can use LDAP directory interface without having knowledge on the underlying data storage mechanism. However, …