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Articles 1 - 30 of 61
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Concise Handbook For Temporary Traffic Control, Indiana Ltap, Ohio Department Of Transportation
Concise Handbook For Temporary Traffic Control, Indiana Ltap, Ohio Department Of Transportation
Indiana Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) Publications
This handbook gives the basic principles and provides examples for the design, application, installation, and maintenance of the various types of traffic control devices used in temporary traffic control or for incident management. Traffic control in roundabouts has been included in this version. The guidelines presented are in accordance with the standards provided within the Indiana Manual for Uniform Traffic Control Devices (IMUTCD). This handbook is based upon one created by the Ohio Department of Transportation, Guidelines for Traffic Control in Work Zones. Indiana LTAP expresses thanks to ODOT for their permission to reprint this material.
Stormwater Drainage Manual 2015, Christopher B. Burke, Thomas T. Burke
Stormwater Drainage Manual 2015, Christopher B. Burke, Thomas T. Burke
Indiana Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) Publications
This manual is a comprehensive catalog of procedures, design methods and criteria, and general background information which will enable the designer to quickly learn or review the basic principles of storm drainage design. Subjects included are precipitation and hydrological cycle, runoff and its estimation, open channels, flow in gutters and inlets, stormwater storage, storm sewer system design, computer applications for computing watershed runoff, and water quality. Included in the appendices are basics of statistical analysis, fundamentals of hydraulics, and a list of regulatory agencies and governmental bodies which may have jurisdiction over drainage projects. A chapter on green infrastructure has …
Development Of Load Rating Procedures For Railroad Flatcars For Use As Highway Bridges Based On Experimental And Numerical Studies - Phase Iii Final Report, Kadir Can Sener, Teresa L. Washeleski, Robert Connor
Development Of Load Rating Procedures For Railroad Flatcars For Use As Highway Bridges Based On Experimental And Numerical Studies - Phase Iii Final Report, Kadir Can Sener, Teresa L. Washeleski, Robert Connor
Indiana Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) Technical Reports
This report presents the result of finite element analysis of laboratory testing of a railroad flatcar bridge in which several parameters were varied including the spacing between flatcars, load position, and member relative stiffness. The results were used to improve previously proposed load rating guidelines developed for railroad flatcar bridges constructed with composite concrete decks.
2015 Statewide Bridge Sufficiency Rating Report - Condensed, Indiana Ltap, Indiana Department Of Transportation, Indiana Department Of Local Government Finance
2015 Statewide Bridge Sufficiency Rating Report - Condensed, Indiana Ltap, Indiana Department Of Transportation, Indiana Department Of Local Government Finance
Indiana Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) Publications
The main purpose of this report is to provide bridge sufficiency rating information for the bridges in each county to county officials as a convenient starting point for formulating a long-range plan to cope with their county bridge deficiencies. This information results from the data generated by the national Bridge Inspection Standards (NBIS) program authorized by the 1968 Federal-Aid Highway Act.
2015 Statewide Bridge Sufficiency Rating Report - Full, Indiana Ltap, Indiana Department Of Transportation, Indiana Department Of Local Government Finance
2015 Statewide Bridge Sufficiency Rating Report - Full, Indiana Ltap, Indiana Department Of Transportation, Indiana Department Of Local Government Finance
Indiana Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) Publications
The main purpose of this report is to provide bridge sufficiency rating information for the bridges in each county to county officials as a convenient starting point for formulating a long-range plan to cope with their county bridge deficiencies. This information results from the data generated by the national Bridge Inspection Standards (NBIS) program authorized by the 1968 Federal-Aid Highway Act.
Post-Tensioned Concrete Shear Wall, Purdue Ect Team
Post-Tensioned Concrete Shear Wall, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets
The post-tension concrete shear wall by Tipping Mar will replace the conventional concrete shear wall in earthquake prone areas in many instances, depending on the height and scale of the building.
Rapid Drying Concrete, Purdue Ect Team
Rapid Drying Concrete, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets
One of the essential problems that are faced during construction is the drying of concrete and the presence of moisture which affects floor coverings that need to be placed. The rapid-drying characteristic in Aridusâ concrete allows for the quick reduction of moisture vapor that travels through the concrete pores of the concrete.
Ap Alternatives Modular Solar Racking, Purdue Ect Team
Ap Alternatives Modular Solar Racking, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets
Solar panels have been used to generate and supply electricity in various applications such as residential and commercial buildings. Therefore, a need for a quicker approach to installation as well as the need to reduce workmanship to speed up the process is needed. Solar racks are developed through the use of automated equipment to “preassemble the racking hardware, pre-install the solar modules, and drive helical anchors into the ground rapidly”. So instead of installing one panel at a time, AP Alternatives has created a new method that uses machines to make the process easier. This new automation of the installation …
Prefabricated Building, Purdue Ect Team
Prefabricated Building, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets
With the continuous demand for construction of new buildings, an easier, more sustainable, energy-efficient and environmentally friendly building method is necessary to save time, energy and cost. Hence, there has been an increasing need for a system such as BROAD sustainable building (BSB). A form of prefabricated building by BROAD Sustainable Building Co., LTD (BSB). It consists of flooring and ceiling, embedded shafts of ventilation, water supply & drainage, electricity and lighting. Other items include pillars, diagonal bracings, doors, windows, walls and sanitary wares, air conditioning, air quality products, lifts, building thermal insulations.
Vertical Icf Wall System, Purdue Ect Team
Vertical Icf Wall System, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets
Traditional ICF systems’ installation is tedious and labor intensive resulting in out of level, bowing, and snaking walls with a significant amount of bracing adding to the cost. ICF (Insulated Concrete Form) walls are a form of structural walls used for construction. Hobbs Vertical ICF system uses less concrete, more recycled material and requires less labor for construction. The furring assemblies and retainer clips of the Hobbs VICF system are made from 100% recycled post-industrial waste.
3d Printing For Bricks, Purdue Ect Team
3d Printing For Bricks, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets
Building Bytes, by Brian Peters, is a project that uses desktop 3D printers to print bricks for architecture. Instead of using an expensive custom-made printer, it uses a normal standard 3D printer which is available for everyone and makes it more accessible and also easier for fabrication.
Approach To Increasing Indiana Rural Road Safety On Intersections, Ammanuiel A. Kebede, John E. Haddock
Approach To Increasing Indiana Rural Road Safety On Intersections, Ammanuiel A. Kebede, John E. Haddock
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
In 2009, there were more than 17,000 reported fatal crashes in rural areas of United States which accounted 56 percent of total fatal crashes. This number has not declined in a significant amount since 2009. Studies are undergoing on these rural area roadways, including intersections, to identify the major causes and take the necessary countermeasure. By using previous intersection related fatal and injury crash data, it is possible to identify high-risk intersections to point out and make the appropriate improvement. Five year fatal and injury crash data was collected (2008-2012) for three Indiana rural counties that had the highest frequency …
Phase Transforming Cellular Materials (Pxcms) Design And Assembly, Nadia N. Aljabi, Pablo Zavattieri, David Restrepo
Phase Transforming Cellular Materials (Pxcms) Design And Assembly, Nadia N. Aljabi, Pablo Zavattieri, David Restrepo
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
We introduce a new class of phase transforming cellular materials (PXCMs) based on locally bistable or metastable unit cells that form periodic microstructures, where the thermomechanical behavior of each unit cell exhibits snap-through type behavior. We propose to explore the capabilities of these new materials to improve structural resistance to damage caused by natural hazards including PXCM in structural members. The main benefits of this material are that it can absorb energy and is reusable. During the first part of this work, a fabrication method for PXCMs based on the assembly material slotted stripes was explored. The 1D unit cell …
Membrane Pre-Treatment Using Chemical Disinfectants In Halide Impaired Waters, Holly M. Haflich, Kun Huang, Amisha D. Shah, John Howarter, Logan Kearney
Membrane Pre-Treatment Using Chemical Disinfectants In Halide Impaired Waters, Holly M. Haflich, Kun Huang, Amisha D. Shah, John Howarter, Logan Kearney
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
The use of membrane filtration processes for desalination, water reuse, and water reclamation techniques are becoming more prevalent given freshwater shortages. However, the treatment of these waters is challenging because of the membranes used in these processes. During nanofiltration and reverse osmosis the membranes undergo biofouling. Reverse osmosis and nanofiltration are high-pressure membrane filtration techniques that treat seawater, brackish waters, and industrial wastewaters. Because of the biofouling, the polyamide thin film needs to be pretreated with chlorine (HOCl/ OCl-) as a disinfectant, but this damages the polyamide membrane. When the free chlorine is in the presence of halide-impaired waters, it …
Influence Of Warping On Stress For Restrained Concrete Slabs: For Application To Crcp, Corey M. Beck, W. Jason Weiss, Nathan T. Todd
Influence Of Warping On Stress For Restrained Concrete Slabs: For Application To Crcp, Corey M. Beck, W. Jason Weiss, Nathan T. Todd
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
Continuously-reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP) is widely used in transportation system because of its low maintenance requirement. However, the need for large volumes of steel creates a high cost for new construction. The Illinois Tollway is preparing to substantially renovate highways in and around Chicago and this work seeks to understand how concretes of varying mixture designs can be made thinner by reducing the amount of built-in stress. The experiment examines warping in beams subjected to various degrees of restraint, in an effort to assess effectiveness at reducing warping in continuously reinforced concrete pavements. Value added methodologies such as internal curing …
Straining Definitions, William Pollalis, Santiago Pujol
Straining Definitions, William Pollalis, Santiago Pujol
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
The concept of strain is ubiquitous in engineering textbooks. It is defined early in engineering education as change in length divided by initial length, and is used to quantify deformations due to things like stresses and temperature changes. The concept itself is quite straightforward and represents homogenous materials well, but homogenous materials are rarely present in engineering design. Composite materials such reinforced concrete cannot be simply defined, as their properties are heavily influenced by their non-uniformity. For example, there are large deformations around tensile cracks in reinforced concrete, where the reinforcement withstands all the tensile stress, and little deformation in …
Recovery Of Nutrients From Animal And Human Wastes, Nathaniel E. Kallmyer, Zhe Sun, Kaitlin Harris, Zhi Zhou, Ernest R. Blatchley Iii
Recovery Of Nutrients From Animal And Human Wastes, Nathaniel E. Kallmyer, Zhe Sun, Kaitlin Harris, Zhi Zhou, Ernest R. Blatchley Iii
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
Removal of nitrogen- and phosphorus-containing molecules from wastewater is necessary to prevent excessive growth of algae and resulting chemical changes to bodies of water. Of wastewater components, urine contains relatively high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus, the majority of which is ultimately present as ammonia and phosphate. Separation and stabilization of these nutrients may also allow for their reuse as fertilizer. Before the nutrients may be stored, they must be stabilized. At least a portion of ammonia-N must be converted to nonvolatile nitrogen. This may be achieved by using ammonia- and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (AOB and NOB, respectively) to convert ammonia …
Chemical Modification Of Uniform Soils And Soils With High/Low Plasticity Index, Xuanchi Li, Fei Tao, Antonio Bobet
Chemical Modification Of Uniform Soils And Soils With High/Low Plasticity Index, Xuanchi Li, Fei Tao, Antonio Bobet
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
Lime and/or cement are used to treat weak subgrade soils during construction of highways. These chemicals are mixed with the soil to improve its workability, compactability and engineering properties. INDOT (Indiana Department of Transportation) has been using chemical modification of native soils for the past 20 years. In fact, 90% of current subgrade is treated, typically with quick lime, lime byproducts or cement. For pavement design, it is customary to not include any improvement of the subgrade for the design of the pavement layers. Recent research completed through JTRP (Joint Transportation Research Program) recommends a higher stiffness modulus for chemically …
Role Of Soil Parameters On Loading Of Buried Structures, Xiao Zhang, Mark D. Bowman, Rafael R. Armendariz Briones
Role Of Soil Parameters On Loading Of Buried Structures, Xiao Zhang, Mark D. Bowman, Rafael R. Armendariz Briones
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
Load rating is the process to evaluate and explore the structural capacity of bridges as much as possible within safety range. As a balance between economy and safety, proper load ratings save money and keep public safe. Knowing the contribution and interaction of each different soil parameter on the loading can significantly reduce the amount of work when load rating those structures. However, for buried structures without plans, such contribution or interaction is never known. This parametric study explores how much each soil parameter of three types of soils can affect the loading of buried structures without plans. An existing …
Seismic Vulnerability Assessment Of Low-Rise Reinforced Concrete Buildings In Kathmandu, Nepal, Prateek Pratap Shah, Santiago Pujol
Seismic Vulnerability Assessment Of Low-Rise Reinforced Concrete Buildings In Kathmandu, Nepal, Prateek Pratap Shah, Santiago Pujol
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
In seismically active cities like Kathmandu, there often exists a need to assess the seismic vulnerability of a large number of poorly designed buildings within a short period of time. Traditional analysis techniques do not work because they require building data that are either inaccurate or unavailable. One alternative to traditional analysis techniques is to use simple correlations like the Priority Index. This index uses basic building information such as floor area, column area, and wall area to estimate the seismic vulnerability of a building. Following the 2015 Nepal earthquake, 146 low-rise reinforced concrete buildings were surveyed in Kathmandu, Nepal. …
Examining The Hydration And Mechanical Properties Of Cement Paste Containing Cellulose Nanocrystals, Yvette Valadez-Carranza, Charles Y. Chiu, W. Jason Weiss, Pablo Zavattieri, Jeffrey P. Youngblood
Examining The Hydration And Mechanical Properties Of Cement Paste Containing Cellulose Nanocrystals, Yvette Valadez-Carranza, Charles Y. Chiu, W. Jason Weiss, Pablo Zavattieri, Jeffrey P. Youngblood
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are a nano-scaled particulae material that has been shown to improve strength in cementitious pastes. One advantage of CNCs compared to other nano-materials is that CNCs are renewable and sustainable. The objective of this investigation is to investigate the influence of additional alkali content on the behavior of CNCs in cement paste. This work evaluates flexural and compressive strength as a function of heat of hydration—which measures the extent of reaction. Previous mechanical tests on cement paste containing cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have shown CNCs to improve the flexural strength of cement paste by approximately 30%. Isothermal calorimetry …
Automated Segmentation, Detection And Fitting Of Piping Elements From Terrestrial Lidar Data, Yun-Ting Su
Automated Segmentation, Detection And Fitting Of Piping Elements From Terrestrial Lidar Data, Yun-Ting Su
Open Access Dissertations
Since the invention of light detection and ranging (LIDAR) in the early 1960s, it has been adopted for use in numerous applications, from topographical mapping with airborne LIDAR platforms to surveying of urban sites with terrestrial LIDAR systems. Static terrestrial LIDAR has become an especially effective tool for surveying, in some cases replacing traditional techniques such as electronic total stations and GPS methods. Current state-of-the-art LIDAR scanners have very fine spatial resolution, generating precise 3D point cloud data with millimeter accuracy. Therefore, LIDAR data can provide 3D details of a scene with an unprecedented level of details. However, automated exploitation …
Behavior And Design Of Steel-Plate Composite (Sc) Walls For Blast Loads, Jakob C Bruhl
Behavior And Design Of Steel-Plate Composite (Sc) Walls For Blast Loads, Jakob C Bruhl
Open Access Dissertations
Reinforced concrete (RC) structures have historically been the preferred choice for blast resistant structures because of their mass and the ductility provided by steel reinforcement. Steel-plate composite (SC) walls are a viable alternative to RC for protecting the infrastructure against explosive threats. SC structures consist of two steel faceplates with plain concrete core between them. The steel faceplates are anchored to the concrete using stud anchors and connected to each other using tie bars. SC structures provide mass from the concrete infill and ductility from the continuous external steel faceplates. This dissertation presents findings and recommendations from experimental and analytical …
Near-Inertial Internal Poincare Waves In Lake Michigan: Seasonal Variability And Effects On Lateral Dispersion And Turbulent Mixing, Jun M Choi
Open Access Dissertations
A dominant physical process in stratified Lake Michigan is near-inertial internal Poincaré waves. The near-inertial internal Poincaré waves is described as locally quasi-uniform currents in the lateral direction, with vertically-sheared structures rotating clockwise at a near-inertial period. The goal of this dissertation is to investigate their seasonal variation and the potential roles on lateral dispersion and vertical mixing. ^ At this mid-lake location, the Poincaré wave is seen to describe more than 80% of the observed surface current variability for much of the year, with characteristic near-inertial frequency and clockwise-rotating velocities. The wave persists during the stratified period, and is …
Modeling Person-To-Person Contaminant Transport In Enclosed Environments, Chun Chen
Modeling Person-To-Person Contaminant Transport In Enclosed Environments, Chun Chen
Open Access Dissertations
It is essential to predict person-to-person contaminant transport in enclosed environments to improve air distribution design and reduce the infection risk from airborne infectious diseases. This study aims to improve and accelerate the simulation of person-to-person contaminant transport in enclosed environments. ^ This investigation first conducted experimental measurements of person-to-person contaminant transport in an office mockup and the first-class cabin of a functional MD-82 aircraft. The experimental data of steady-state airflow, temperature, and gas contaminant concentration fields obtained in the office were used to validate the steady-state computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models. In the aircraft cabin, the transient particle concentrations …
An Integrated System Of Vapor-Compression Chiller And Absorption Heat Pump: Experiment, Modeling, And Energy And Economic Evaluation, Yi-Shu Kung
Open Access Dissertations
Buildings currently consume 41% of the primary energy in the United States. Among the 41% primary energy, approximate 50% are used for building heating, cooling, and water heating. Improving the efficiencies of the devices for building heating and cooling has potentials to reducing the energy consumptions. This research aims to find one solution for building energy efficiency through investigating an Integrated System of an Integrated Compression-Absorption Subcooling System (ICASS) Based upon the principle of subcooling effect, the ICASS can improve the efficiency of the cooling device but also achieve additional useful heating sources potentially used for space heating and domestic …
Development And Application Of Quantitative Methods For Ecosystem Services, Rebecca A. Logsdon
Development And Application Of Quantitative Methods For Ecosystem Services, Rebecca A. Logsdon
Open Access Dissertations
Ecosystem services are benefits that people receive from the environment. Despite recent exponential increases in ecosystem service research, the ecosystem service framework has made little impact on policy and land management decisions, especially in the United States. Two of the main limitations for a lack of ecosystem service considerations in both policy and land management decisions are a need for more advanced quantification methods and the lack of engagement of key stakeholders who are responsible for making land management decisions. This research seeks to address these two limitations by testing and improving quantification methods of ecosystem services and by evaluating …
Algorithms For Bundling And Pricing Trucking Services: Deterministic And Stochastic Approaches, Rodrigo Mesa-Arango
Algorithms For Bundling And Pricing Trucking Services: Deterministic And Stochastic Approaches, Rodrigo Mesa-Arango
Open Access Dissertations
Bundling and pricing trucking services is an important strategic decision for carriers. This is helpful when they consider the incorporation of new businesses to their networks, look for economic and optimal operations, and develop revenue management strategies. Reverse combinatorial auctions for trucking services are real-world examples that illustrate the necessity of such strategies. In these auctions, a shipper asks carriers for quotes to serve combinations of lanes and the carriers have to bundle demand and price it properly. This dissertation explores several dimensions of the problem employing state-of-the-art analytical tools. These dimensions include: Truckload (TL) and less-than-truckload (LTL) operations, behavioral …
Four Runway Configuration Types And Their Relation To Arrival Delays, Rachel Jayne Kennedy
Four Runway Configuration Types And Their Relation To Arrival Delays, Rachel Jayne Kennedy
Open Access Theses
Aside from a safe flight, airline passengers expect to arrive to their destination on time. With an abundance of flights in the United States arriving late each day, it has yet to be determined if the airport's layout plays a role. This research looks at four common runway configuration types at hub and non-hub airports to determine if runway configurations affect arrival delays. A two-way ANOVA is conducted comparing the means of the on-time arrival percentage between airports exhibiting each of the four runway configurations as well as hub and non-hub airport status. The results determine if any or none …
Downward Model Development Of The Soil Moisture Accounting Loss Method In Hec-Hms: Revelations Concerning The Soil Profile, Jessica Holberg
Downward Model Development Of The Soil Moisture Accounting Loss Method In Hec-Hms: Revelations Concerning The Soil Profile, Jessica Holberg
Open Access Theses
Despite the fact that the soil profile is known to impact streamflow, most Curve Number (CN)-based models ignore subsurface processes. This study explores the influence of soil storage on peak flows. Two watersheds in flat, humid west-central Indiana were modeled using both the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Curve Number and four versions of the Soil Moisture Accounting (SMA) loss methods in the United States Army Core of Engineers-developed (USACE) Hydrologic Engineering Center Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS). One watershed encompasses the Wabash and Tippecanoe Rivers' confluence; the other contains an ephemeral stream, Plum Creek. The CN-based model was developed using …