Engineering Commons^™

Analyzing Video And Isobus Data To Understand Risk And Safety Practices For Roadside Mowing, Nathan Sprague, Timothy Wiegman, J. T. Evans

Graduate Industrial Research Symposium

In Indiana, roadside mowing covers 11,200 miles, presenting significant risks. The Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) seeks safer methods, including automated evaluations and autonomous robots. Analyzing 120 hours of video and ISOBUS data, we quantify mower interactions with the road and obstacles, finding mowers on -road up to 91% of the time in rural areas and 57% on highways. Key obstacles identified include signs and posts. This research aids in developing risk assessment models and safety evaluations, aiming to improve mowing safety and efficiency, and it supports future development of autonomous mowing technologies.

Sustainable Water Treatment Systems In The La Vega Region Of The Dominican Republic, Hannah Fulton, Justina Thomae, Jorge Del Angel, Ramin Ansari, Karina Peate, Rylan Elliott, Adam Spieth, Thalia May, Morgan Jung, Ernest R. Blatchley Iii, Rebecca C. Johnson

Graduate Industrial Research Symposium

Purdue University's service-learning course, Water Supply in Developing Countries (WSDC) is dedicated to ensuring access to safe drinking water in the La Vega region of the Dominican Republic. The focus in the current academic year is to enhance the functionality, sustainability, and independence of community-based water treatment systems installed by previous WSDC students. Despite the construction of four water systems since 2012, operational challenges ensued, rendering them currently inoperable. Our objective is to learn from past mistakes, restore the systems and ensure their continuous functionality. During the fall semester, class members assessed repair needs in two communities with existing systems, …

The Intersection Of Utility Coordination And Sue, Natalie Parks, Ken Kerr

Purdue Road School

ASCE recently released two new SUE standards—ASCE 38-22 is the updated SUE standard commonly used during the utility coordination process during design, and ASCE 75-22 is the new utility as-built standard that is essential for the accurate location of newly relocated facilities in construction. This presentation will illustrate the interaction and relationship between SUE and utility coordination to enhance project deliverables and reduce risk during construction.

Alternative Delivery: Beyond Design-Build, Steve Davidson, William Stringer

Purdue Road School

Owners are facing increased pressure to deliver major infrastructure projects in a timely and cost-efficient manner. Pain from inflation and labor/material short- ages are felt nationwide. To maximize limited budgets, owners are exploring alternative delivery methods. Attendees will learn about the benefits and pitfalls of progressive design-build (PDB) and construction manager/general contractor (CM/GC). Presenters will share best practices for determining if PDB and CM/GC are appropriate for your project and provide case study examples.

Environmental Assessments On A Local Project, Robert Winebrinner, Trevor Wieseke, Summer R. Elmore, Alison Krupski, Mike Maurovich

Purdue Road School

This presentation will go through the environmental process of a recent $125M local project within Noblesville. What are the major differences between the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA) process as it relates to an environmental assessment (EA)? What is required, what is not required, and what is optional? How long does the process take? Join us as we walk through this exciting process and experience.

Design, Collaborate, Thrive: The Broad Ripple Avenue Project, Jessica Hawley, Emily Nelson, Ericka Miller

Purdue Road School

Broad Ripple Avenue (College Avenue to Winthrop Avenue) needed large-scale stormwater improvements. With the help of the Lochmueller Group and the Broad Ripple Village Association, Indianapolis DPW perceptively took this opportunity to also improve pedestrian facilities and regional multi-modal connectivity by combining multiple regional projects into one construction contract. This consolidation allowed for a cohesive public message through proactive public involvement. Presenters will share how consensus was built between invested parties through a successful public and private partnership.

Evansville Airport Terminal And Passenger Access, Jamin Heldt, Nate Hahn

Purdue Road School

The Evansville Airport has completely updated the terminal area and passenger access to the terminal. A plan is underway to expand the passenger parking area in the future. This presentation will review the past updates and walk through future goals.

South Bend Airport Tw B Realignment And Apron Project, Lisa Kinsman, Patrick Mac Carthaigh, Jeff Thoman, Ashley Thorsen

Purdue Road School

South Bend Airport is in the process of a major reconstruction project to realign Taxiway B to provide a Runway Incursion Mitigation (RIM), separate Taxiway B from the Terminal Apron, and make adjustments to the terminal apron to correct drainage. This presentation will provide a full review of the project.

Planning For Pedestrians And Bicyclists During Construction Projects, John Habermann, P.E.

Purdue Road School

This session will explore how the Texas Department of Transportation Waco District addressed pedestrian/bicyclist safety and mobility during a multi-year construction project along I-35. This presentation will demonstrate the value of online tools, field implementations, and data collection. Attendees will learn the value of assembling a stakeholder steering committee; counting pedestrian and bicyclists before, during, and after construction; effectively using pavement clings; and using a webpage dedicated to pedestrian/bicyclist updates.

Interstate Highway Congestion Policy Request: When And How, Douglas Homan, Alan Holderread, Michelle Witkowski

Purdue Road School

This session will highlight current IHCP tables, policy tables, request templates, analysis tools, INDOT queue analysis spreadsheet, INDOT detour route summary spreadsheet, hourly day-of-the-week con- version factors, additional modeling efforts, common and repeated mistakes, IHCP exception checklist, and example projects.

Economic Development And Infrastructure, Gary J. Pool

Purdue Road School

This presentation will cover how the developments on the Olio Road Corridor have affected Hancock County’s roadway deterioration and construction, revenue and funding, and public involvement.

Pedestrian Maintenance Of Traffic For Designers, Katherine Smutzer

Purdue Road School

This presentation with summarize current guidance being developed for the maintenance of pedestrian traffic during construction. The presentation will provide designers with guidance on INDOT’s decision-making hierarchy and expectations related to the documentation and development of pedestrian maintenance of traffic plans.

See A Sign? Make A Call, John Habermann, P.E.

Purdue Road School

DOT staff and technology resources have the proven potential to help combat human trafficking if DOT employees know the indicators of human trafficking and how to cooperate with requests from agencies for information that can be derived from DOT assets. The Texas A&M Transportation Institute, NCHRP, and the Heart of Texas Human Trafficking Coalition will discuss the intersection of human trafficking with the transportation sector. Attendees will also learn the main components of human trafficking, the basic signs of human trafficking on DOT facilities, and resources to use in their own states.

Flood Risk Data For Highway Projects, Nabil Ghalayini

Purdue Road School

This presentation will provide project managers and engineers with a clear understanding of available FEMA Risk MAP flood hazard data to better inform project design. This presentation will broadly define flood risk, review the FEMA flood risk database as a source of risk parameters, contrast the regulatory Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA) with Risk MAP depth and probability grids, and highlight the variability of risk within the SFHA.

Full-Scale Testing Of Power Transfer Roadways, Oscar Moncada

Purdue Road School

A dynamic wireless power transfer roadway refers to the integration of wireless power transfer technology into a new and existing road infrastructure to provide motive power, battery charging, or both to electric vehicles. The objective of this presentation is to evaluate the mechanical and thermal performance of the system when incorporated in both flexible and rigid pavement structures.

Evaluation Of The Chloride Ions Penetration Into Concrete Structure With The Surface Penetrants Served In Cold Marine Environment For 20 Years, Yanhua Kuang, Yuki Sakoi Associate Professor, Naoto Takashima Postgraduate, Minoru Aba Professor, Yoichi Tsukinaga Professor,

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

The intrusion of chloride ions in concrete served in the marine environment is the leading cause of corrosion of steel bars. This paper examined the result of a long-term survey on the actual structure (the Tomakomai breakwater) treated with a set of penetrants partly. The survey was conducted twice, in the 12th and 20th years after construction.

The results showed that the penetrants could effectively reduce the penetration of chloride ions into concrete. After using the penetrants, the calculated surface chloride ion concentration was decreased by 5.04%/72.18% (the 12th year/the 20th year). As the service years increase, surface chloride ion …

The Effects Of Curing Temperature On The Hydration Kinetics Of Plain And Fly Ash Pastes And Compressive Strength Of Corresponding Mortars With And Without Nano-Tio2 Addition., Dan Huang, Mirian Velay-Lizancos, Jan Olek

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Incorporation of fly ash in cementitious systems containing ordinary portland cement (OPC) increases their long-term strength and durability. However, replacement of cement by fly ash also reduces the heat of hydration of such systems and reduces early-age strength development. The reduced rate of strength development can increase the risk of durability problems, e.g. scaling, in cases when young concrete is exposed to low temperatures and deicing chemicals. This study investigated the potential of nano-titanium dioxide (nano-TiO₂) particles to modify the hydration kinetics of fly ash pastes and compressive strength development of corresponding mortars cured under low (4°C) and …

End Effect Of Corroded Steel Bar In Concrete Specimen During Corrosion Test By Galvanostatic Method, Peng Zhao, Gang Xu, Qing Wang, Xuan Wang

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

The galvanostatic method is a commonly used accelerated corrosion method in studying the durability of concrete structures caused by steel corrosion. If this method is not adequately controlled, the ends of steel bars will be corroded seriously (this phenomenon is called end effect), which is not common in natural corrosion. How to effectively control the end effect during electrified corrosion is helpful to make the characteristics of electrified corrosion more similar to that of natural corrosion. In this paper, experimental and electromagnetic numerical simulation methods are used to study the influence of cathode and corrosion medium coverage area along the …

Investigation Of Chloride Transportation Mechanism In Reinforced Concrete Specimen Subjected To Eccentric Compression, Yong Dong Yan

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

In order to deal with the chloride ion transportation mechanism in eccentric compressive concrete pier and column in marine environment, stress distribution in the section of eccentric compressive concrete specimen was analyzed firstly, relationship between chloride diffusion coefficient and stress level was developed according to porosity varying under different loads, at last a model of chloride diffusion coefficient under varying stress level was developed. Conversion-diffusion equation in COMSOL Multiphysics was used in this paper to calculate the chloride ion transportation process. Three test beams with different mixture were cast and then loaded to different stress level. After that, all of …

Finite Element Modeling Of Thermal Effect On Airport Slabs, Chuanyue Shen

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

A sub-ground tunnel connecting two concourses of a terminal at Chicago O’Hare International Airport suffered from water leakage. The airport engineers suspected that the problem was caused by high stresses impinging on the tunnel structure by the pavement sections above the tunnel, acting to damage joints and waterproofing membranes that should have prevented such leakage. To provide a fundamental solution to this problem while minimizing the interference with airport operation, a repair strategy needs to be determined based on a clear understanding of the root cause. A preliminary field inspection confirmed that the concrete pavement slabs moved significantly when ambient …

Application Of Multi-Environmental Time Similarity Theory Based On Relative Information (Ri-Mets) Theory In Durability Of Concrete Structures In Marine Chloride Environment, Zhang Kai

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

The Multi-environmental time similarity (METS) method is a testing method that establishes the similarity relationship between the indoor test environment and the on-site environment to evaluate the durability and predict service life of the proposed or under-constructed concrete structure. Based on the METS theory, a similarity ratio of chloride ion concentration and diffusion coefficient between the indoor accelerated environment and the on-site natural environment was established. Then the relative information entropy was introduced into the Multi-Environmental Time Similarity based on Relative Information (RI-METS) theory to consider the time variability of the diffusion coefficient and the surface chloride ion mass fraction. …

Durability Assessment Of Repairing Vertical Cracks In Concrete Using Microbially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation Technique, Chunhua Lu

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

No abstract provided.

End Effect Of Corroded Steel Bar In Concrete Specimen During Corrosion Test By Galvanostatic Method, Peng Zhao, Gang Xu, Qing Wang, Xuan Wang

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Corrosion of steel bars is the main durability problem of concrete structures, which seriously endangers the safety and service life of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. When studying such problems, the electrifying corrosion method is often used to obtain corroded components. How to effectively control the corrosion area of steel bars is the key to improve the applicability of the corrosion method. In this paper, experimental and electromagnetic numerical simulation methods are used to study the influence of cathode and corrosion medium coverage area along the longitudinal direction on the corrosion area of steel bar before concrete protective layer corrosion cracking. …

Ultra- Ductile Waterborne Epoxy-Concrete Composite Repair Material, Bo Pang, Zuquan Jin, Yunsheng Zhang, Xiaoyun Song

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

With the extension of service time, the building structure is in urgent need of repair and reinforcement due to its deterioration in safety and durability with the years. Normal cement concrete exposes shortcomings such as high brittleness and low flexural-tensile strength for which fails to meet the requirement of construction repairing. In this paper, a novel waterborne epoxy-concrete composite repair material (WECM) was prepared by using self-synthesized water-based epoxy resin based on the molecular structure-activity relationship. The key flexural and tensile performance parameters of WECM were accurately obtained.

Effects Of Organic Corrosion Inhibitors On The Performance Of Repair Mortars, Ominda Nanayakkara Dr.

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Reinforced concrete (RC) structures are severely degraded due to the corrosion of the embedded reinforcing steel, and hence, the upgrading of RC structures is essential. Repairing mortar is widely used to improve durability and strengthen structures; however, further repairing might be required considering the extended life of the structure. The use of inhibitors to protect the reinforcement from corrosion has become of great interest. Therefore, it is vital to study the potential of using corrosion inhibitors in a newly repaired system.

This study investigated the performance of a commercially available polymer-modified mortar with migrating and admixed corrosion inhibitors. The study …

Corrosion Performance Of Embedded Steel Bar In Cl--Contaminated Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (Lc3) At Initial Stage Of Hydration, Weiwen Li, Zuhua Xu, Yaocheng Wang, Xin Wang, Feng Xing

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3) presents brilliant properties in binding Cl^- so that the embedded steel bars are probably protected in Cl^--contaminated condition, which meets the need of sea sand application. However, the corrosion performance of steel bars embedded in LC3 paste with Cl^‑ is unclear, especially in early age hydration. Thus, a series of experiments were carried out to evaluate the corrosion performance of steel bars on initial and hardened stages of hydration, including concentration of OH^- and Cl^- in real pore solution, open circuit potential (OCP) and chemical elements of steel bars. …

Investigation On The Properties Of Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement Waterproof Repair Mortar Modified With Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Powder, Dong Dong

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

本文采用乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯（EVA）粉体和CSA水泥制备了防水修复砂浆，并对其水化和性能进行了研究。结果表明，EVA粉体延长了凝固时间，提高了防水修补砂浆的流动性，使其在实际工程中更容易应用。EVA粉提高了防水修复砂浆的不渗透性，降低了吸水性。虽然EVA粉降低了防水修补砂浆的抗弯强度和抗压强度，但它仍然符合JC/T 2381-2016标准对刚性修复砂浆的要求。EVA粉体降低了防水修复砂浆的收缩率，改善了界面过渡区和拉伸粘接强度、弯曲粘接强度等粘接性能。EVA粉末抑制CSA水泥的水合作用6 h，在3 d水化年龄时抑制作用消失。

Influence Of Biological Sulfuric Acid On Corrosion Mechanism Of Alkali-Activated Cement Concrete, 季 韬 教授

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

生物硫酸对碱活化水泥混凝土腐蚀机理的影响

丁方硕、韬骥、潘伟杰

福州大学土木工程系

抽象的

讨论了不同浓度的生物硫酸对碱活化水泥混凝土（AACC）腐蚀的影响，并以化学硫酸为参考。AACC的质量和抗压强度、孔溶液的pH曲线和Ca ²⁺对其释放进行了研究，并通过 ESEM-EDS 和 XRD 揭示了 AACC 的腐蚀机理。结果表明，在不同浓度的化学硫酸和生物硫酸作用下，AACC的腐蚀产物主要是石膏。随着硫酸浓度的增加，AACC的失重率增加，AACC的抗压强度降低。石膏阻碍化学硫酸进入混凝土。然而，石膏为细菌提供了生存环境，细菌很容易渗透到混凝土中，加速了AACC的破坏。与化学硫酸相比，生物硫酸增加了AACC的质量损失率和抗压强度。

参考

荣H，Wu，C.，Ma，G.，Zheng，X.，和Liu，Z，2021。污水环境下混凝土微生物腐蚀研究进展。中国陶瓷学会学报，49（5）：988-999。

Scholz, F., 1997。微生物影响的材料腐蚀：科学和工程方面。固态电化学杂志，1（2）：181-181。

谢毅，林，X.，吉，T.，2019。普通硅酸盐混凝土与碱活化混凝土在生物硫酸侵蚀下的耐腐蚀机理比较。建筑和建筑材料，228（20）：1-12。

Frost Resistance And Pore Structure Properties Of Mortar Containing Air Entraining Agent Combined With Superabsorbent Polymer, Yanqun Xu, Qiang Yuan

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

The air entraining effect of air entraining agent (AEA) is deeply affected by environment, which will further influence its function of improving frost resistance. To solve this problem, a strategy of using AEA combined with superabsorbent polymer(SAP) to improve the frost resistance of mortar was proposed in this study. Mass loss and relative dynamic elastic modulus of mortar were used to characterize frost resistance of mortar. Air void density, spacing factor, air void distribution and air content were measured to analyze its pore structure properties. The results verify that the combined use of AEA and SAP can improve the frost …

The Transportation Of Corrosion Products In Cementitious Material Under Chloride-Rich Environment, Yuzhou Wang

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Corrosion products, forming on steel bar in cementitious material, can lead to concrete cracking. Clear the transportation of corrosion products is of great significance to predict corrosion-induced structural deterioration. This study investigates the corrosion products in steel-reinforced concrete specimen. By Raman spectroscopy and SEM method, the chemical constituents and micromorphology of corrosion products at steel-concrete interface as well as those inside the pore of cement paste are investigated. The proportion of corrosion products filling into the cement paste is determined by EDTA titration method. The results reveal that corrosion products diffuse in forms of ion in solution under chloride-rich environment, …