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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Exploring How Antecedent Precipitation Amount And The Effects Of Covid-19 Affect Stormwater Runoff Quality Along Urban Gradients, Daniel Ramirez, Katherine Gelsey
Exploring How Antecedent Precipitation Amount And The Effects Of Covid-19 Affect Stormwater Runoff Quality Along Urban Gradients, Daniel Ramirez, Katherine Gelsey
REU Final Reports
Stormwater runoff quality is affected by a multitude of factors including surrounding land characteristics, human activities, and antecedent precipitation amounts. We explore how seasonal and variable precipitation affect E. Coli, total suspended solids, nitrogen-nitrate, orthophosphate, lead, and zinc concentrations in Portland, OR, USA. Correlation analysis was conducted between the pollutant concentrations and antecedent rainfall each sample site received for the previous 1, 3, 5, 7, and 30 days from when the sample was taken. We ran Mann-Whitney tests to determine if the levels of the pollutants were statistically different between the wet season and the dry season. We found that …
Finding Lonely Routes For Runners And Bikers, Ethan T. Spicher
Finding Lonely Routes For Runners And Bikers, Ethan T. Spicher
REU Final Reports
With COVID-19 raging around the world, personal health is even more important to a lot of people. One way to maintain good physical and mental health is to exercise according to Deslandes [2]. When exercising it may be important to make sure that you are running/biking on trails that are less populated than others, as well as taking into account the distance. This can be solved by creating an algorithm that allows the user to choose the starting and end point, and the algorithm will then find the optimal path between the two points with the distance and popularity of …
Modeling Changes In Public Transit And Private-For-Hire Usage When Implementing A Spatial Tax, Ty Lazarchik
Modeling Changes In Public Transit And Private-For-Hire Usage When Implementing A Spatial Tax, Ty Lazarchik
REU Final Reports
Private-for-Hire (PfH) transportation options, such as Uber, Lyft, and taxicabs, are consistently growing in popularity. With this expanded utilization, cities are struggling to maintain usage of their public transit systems. While PfH transportation has been heavily researched, there is a need to further study how its effects on transit usage may be minimized. In this paper, previous work in traffic modeling and analysis of transit and PfH differences are expanded to develop an agent-based decision model in order to simulate and analyze the effectiveness of implementing a location-based tax in and around the city center of Portland, Oregon. The results …
Day Laborers & Extreme Heat: Recommendations For Reducing Heat Stress, Sandra Mena
Day Laborers & Extreme Heat: Recommendations For Reducing Heat Stress, Sandra Mena
REU Final Reports
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has various Global Climate Models (GCM). One of them, models three greenhouse gases. The increasing amount of greenhouse gases are just a fraction of factors that fuel global climate change. According to the IPCC 2014, climate related extremes such as heatwaves are likely to occur more regularly and are likely to increase in duration. Since 1979, there has been over 9000 deaths that occurred from heat-related incidents in the United States (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2016). Which brings attention to population groups who are exposed to hot temperatures on a frequent basis due …
Effects Of Land Development And Season On Heavy Metal Concentrations In Urban Streams, Helen Daigle
Effects Of Land Development And Season On Heavy Metal Concentrations In Urban Streams, Helen Daigle
REU Final Reports
Although it is generally understood that urban development can impact the quality of urban streams, there are many factors that affect the concentrations of pollutants being transferred from the built environment to a given output. This study examines the impact of land use surrounding urban streams, specifically, the degree of development and presence or absence of green infrastructure (GI) in these areas on heavy metal (HM) concentrations in Portland, Oregon. After collecting 1021 water quality samples from 2010-2018, we examined the difference in concentrations of HM pollutants across different combinations of land use and season. Increased levels of calcium, magnesium, …
The Transport Of Non-Spherical Particles In A Simulated Ocean Environment, Hannah Reed
The Transport Of Non-Spherical Particles In A Simulated Ocean Environment, Hannah Reed
REU Final Reports
Plastic particles contaminating the world’s oceans and accumulating in oceanic gyres has become a ubiquitous problem and the solution involving how to clean up the debris efficiently has still not been found. One particular issue is understanding where the greatest densities of debris may be. It is known that floating trash will tend to accumulate in large circular systems of ocean water called gyres, however these areas span thousands of miles of ocean. The present study aims to understand the transport of anisotropic particles in conditions similar to an oceanic environment using experimental methods in an effort to better predict …
Hydro-Climatological Summer Trends In The Continental United States, Naya Mairena Flores
Hydro-Climatological Summer Trends In The Continental United States, Naya Mairena Flores
REU Final Reports
We investigated trends in air temperature, stream temperature and discharge for rivers across the continental United States from the summer months of 1996 to 2016. Using GAGES II from USGS and PRISM and programming language R we analyzed specific hydrological trends in Mann-Kendall’s tests. After collecting the slope values whether they were negative or positive and the P-Values, the significance of that slope, we mapped slopes of trends in GIS. Stream temperature increased 12% of stations across the summer, while air temperature increased 22% of stations, and discharge decreased 15% of stations, respectively. Seven day moving average of daily maximum …
Water Quality Factor Prediction Using Supervised Machine Learning, Kathleen Joslyn
Water Quality Factor Prediction Using Supervised Machine Learning, Kathleen Joslyn
REU Final Reports
The objective of this research is to explore prediction accuracy of water quality factors, with techniques and algorithms in machine learning consisting of a variation of support vector machines - Support Vector Regression (SVR) and the gradient boosting algorithm Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). Both the XGBoost and SVR algorithms were used to predict nine different factors with success rates ranging from 79% to 99%. Parameters of these algorithms were also explored to test the prediction accuracy levels of individual water quality factors. These parameters included normalizing the data, filling missing data points, and training and testing on a large set …