Engineering Commons^™

Continuous Interfacial Polycondensation Of Nylon 6-6, Chandrakant A. Patel

Theses

Nylon 6-6 has been prepared by continuous interfacial polycondensation from hexamethylene diamine and adipyl chloride in a stirred system. The effect of monomer concentration and stirring on the intrinsic viscosity of polyamide 6-6 solution in formic acid (90%) was determined.

As stirring rate and monomer ratio increased, the intrinsic viscosity and polymer yield went through a maximum. Diffusion coefficient (D_AB) for hexamethylene diamine was calculated and from that J_D and mass transfer coefficient /D_AB were calculated. A relation between Reynolds number and J_D factor was established by correlation curve.

The Effect Of Variable Properties On The Laminar Flow Of Gases, Norman Shilling

Dissertations

The problem of heat transfer in laminar flow of a gas through a constant diameter cylindrical tube is treated. The gas is cooled by the tube walls held at constant temperature. Two tube inlet conditions are considered: (1) fully developed velocity and uniform temperature profiles (Graetz boundary condition) and (2) uniform velocity and temperature (UTV) profiles. Results of the theoretical and experimental phases of the work are presented.

The theoretical solution is based on the compressible boundary layer equations with varying transport and thermodynamic property terms retained. For the Graetz condition, an existing finite difference solution scheme is modified for …

Dielectric Properties Of Atactic And Isotactic Polystyrene, Thaddeus F. Kroplinski

Theses

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the dielectric constant and dissipation factor of atactic and isotactic polystyrene at 25°C and at frequencies of 0.1, 1.0, 10, and 100 kilocycles per second. In addition, the effects of molecular weight and crystallinity on the dielectric properties of polystyrene mos also studied.

Polystyrene slabs of uniform thickness mere prepared by molding the polymer under heat and pressure. The isotactic polystyrene slabs Imre annealed at 175°g for various lengths of time to achieve varying degrees of crystallinity.

The molded polystyrene slabs were fitted with circular aluminum foil electrodes to form a three …

The Oxidation Of Carbon Monoxide By Magnesium Aluminate, James A. Whelan

Dissertations

In this research the catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide was investigated on magnesium aluminate catalysts, MgO:xAl₂O₃, with five different compositions, x, ranging from 1.0 to 3.0. The reaction was run at temperatures ranging from 500 to 600 °C. with radioactive carbon monoxide as the tracer. An experimental technique has been devised for the analysis of unreacted CO which takes into account a correction for the solubility of CO in CO₂.

Four mathematical models were postulated to explain the mechanism of reaction. The models were examined against experimental data by means of non-linear least squares …

A Simple Method For Liquid Enthalpy Departure Calculations, Ching-Lin Chien

Theses

The reduced equation of state for gases and liquids developed by Benson and Golding in 1951 is modified and used to calculate liquid enthalpy departures for saturated pure substances and mixtures. The temperature-independent coefficients in the modified equation are determined from critical properties and experimental liquid enthalpies at the boiling point and at the critical point. The results of the proposed method are compared with those predicted with the modified Redlich-Kwong equation of state by Joffe and Zudkevitch.

Agitation Of Dilatant Fluids, Vijay Jang Datta

Theses

No abstract provided.

Centering In Parallel Channel Systems, Allen Katz

Dissertations

Several types of signal processing systems in which the signal flows along parallel channels in a fashion similar to the auditory system have been investigated. The effect of excitation with signals containing both single and multiple spectral peaks (formants) was considered. In particular, the effect of nonlinear interaction between channels, referred to as centering, in the presence of noise was studied.

These systems were investigated for their value, both as information processing networks and as models of the auditory system.

The analysis indicates that parallel channel systems, in general, exhibit excellent performance in the presence of noise, and that a …

Computer Model For Reactor Design Of An Ethane Cracking Unit, Derek J. Lough

Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to develop a Fortran [sic] Computer Program to model the radiation section of a pyrolysis tube reactor designed for cracking 100 percent ethane feed. The model calculates the length of the tubular reactor required to obtain a specified ethane conversion or the ethane conversion for a specified reactor length. The resulting solution yields a conversion profile, a temperature profile, and the reactor residence time as a function of tube length. From this data it can be determined if the design is adequate and lies within the reactor model's constraints.

Prediction Of The Physical Properties Of Pure Gases And Liquids, James L. Filson

Theses

A computer programmed system for the estimation of physical properties of pure compounds from minimum data input on compound type and structure was developed for both gas and liquid phase conditions.

The properties of the gas phase which can be obtained include:

• gas volume
• compressibility
• normal boiling point
• volume at the normal boiling point
• critical temperature, pressure, volume compressibility
• vapor pressure
• Riedel factor
• acentric factor
• ideal heat capacity
• heat capacity at constant pressure
• heat capacity at constant volume
• dipole moment
• intermolecular distance
• hard sphere volume
• viscosity at low pressure
• viscosity at elevated pressure
• thermal conductivity at low pressure
• thermal conductivity …

A Nomograph For The Rapid Solution Of The Arrhenius Equation, Joseph John Lamont

Theses

There are presently no calculational aids for the rapid computation of the Arrhenius parameters of the chemical reaction rate equations.

Two nomographs for solving the Arrhenius equation for the relative reaction rate constants at different temperatures, and for computing activation energies and frequency factors are presented. Several graphs and tables of the relative reaction rate constant as a function of activation energy and temperature are also presented.

The nomographs, graphs and tables can be used, singly or combined, in lieu of numerical calculation for the solution for Arrhenius parameters, or the computation of rate constants.

A computer program included in …

A Simulation Model Capable Of Performing The Calculations Involved In Defining A Crude Preheat Train, Robert G. Parker

Theses

A simulation model has been developed for a system of ex changers to preheat the feed to a crude distillation unit. In conjunction, a Fortran program for the performance of the model calculations by digital computer was written. Two types of preheat system were simulated, a single train system and a split (or parallel) train system. A number of features were included in the program for flexibility and versatility. A particular effort was made to have the model represent as economical a preheat system as possible.

The model program was used to obtain computer-calculated results for both single-train and split-train …

Incineration Of Solid/Liquid Human Waste, Theodore Joseph Wayne

Theses

This thesis encompasses the design criteria required to produce an effective incineration system for the disposal of solid/liquid human waste. Coupled with the overall design parameters is an investigation of the chemical decomposition of the waste during the incineration process, odor treatment and control, and the physiological effects on the human body due to the inhalation of the toxic gases given off during the combustion of human waste.

The variables involved in the combustion process are studied and equations presented that relate the combustion variables of flame temperature, residence time and air requirements. These equations are tested based upon published …

Sidelobe Suppression In Chirp Radar Systems, Stephen N. Honickman

Dissertations

Pulse radars extend target range detection by increasing the transmitted pulse width. On the other hand, target resolution is enhanced by reducing the system pulse width. These dichotomous requirements led to the invention of chirp radar systems which achieve greater target resolution for a given detectable range by frequency modulating the carrier frequency of the transmitted pulse. Along with the advent of chirp radars came the extremely simple and reliable technique of chirp signal generation known as "passive generation". However, one of the undesirable features of "passive generation" lies in the infinite time required for transmission of the resultant pulse, …

Local Mole Fraction Equations For The Excess Free Energy Of Mixing, Jose Mario Marina

Dissertations

An extensive study of local mole fraction equations aimed at obtaining a two parameter expression for the Excess Free Energy of miscible and immiscible systems has been undertaken.

Initially our approach was to modify existing equations by substituting those parameters reflecting interaction between like molecules by the pure component energies of vaporization. This resulted in a one parameter modification of the three parameter Wilson equation, which correlates data poorly and a two parameter modification of the NRTL equation which correlates binary miscible data with fair accuracy. A modification of the Scatchard-Hildebrand equation, where mole fractions are substituted by local mole …

Stability Analysis Of A Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor With An Autocatalytic Reaction, David Elliot Rosenberg

Theses

The basic principles of stability analysis are set forth, including the development of a mathematical model, steady state analysis, integration of the dynamic system equations, and predictions of transient responses. The equations for the mathematical model are developed for a continuous stirred tank reactor with a cooling jacket, containing an autocatalytic reaction, in unsteady state operation. These equations are numerically integrated to obtain a good picture of reactor dynamics about the steady state. State variable methods, including the classical linearization theorems and Lyapunov's Second Method, are utilized to predict bounds of stable reactor behavior. A discussion of the shortcomings of …

A Study Of Heat Transfer And Inlet Flow Behavior In Molten Polymer Systems, Min Ho Choi

Theses

Two separate studies have been done in the present work: one to study the entrance effects in flow in molten polymer systems and the other to investigate the heat transfer to thermally softened flowing polymer.

The equipment for the entrance effect was designed to study the isothermal flow behavior of a polymer melt in the entrance region. The main object of this investigation was to find the entrance length for the melt to relax and to separate the pressure drop into viscous and elastic effect. Due to the failure in developing a proper pressure measuring device the experiment was not …

The Reaction Of O-Propylphenyl Azide With Di-N-Propylamine, Seyed Ziaeddin Razavi

Theses

Nitration of n-propylbenzene resulted in O-nitro-n-propylbenzene. Reduction of this compound gave o-n-Propylphenyl azide was prepared by diazotization of o-n-propylaniline followed by treatment with sodium azide.

Photolysis of o-n-propylphenyl azide in di-n-propyl-amine yielded two new azepines, 2-di-n-propylamino-3n-propyl-3H azepine and 2-di-n-propylamino-7-n-propy1-7H-azepine. Their structures were assigned on the basis of their physical properties (i.e. I.R., U.V., N.M.R., N.S. and elemental analysis).

Photolysis of the azide at room temperature gave 26.9% o-n-propylaniline and 4.3% 2-di-n-propylamino-3-n-propy1-3H azepine, but when the photolysis was carried out in the presence of the triplet photosensitizer (xanthen-9-one) the yield of o-n-propylaniline was increased to 34.6% and the yield of 2-di-n-propylamino-3n-propy1-3H-azepine …

A New Technique For Steady State And Transient Analyses Of Incompressible Flow Networks, George V. Catanzaro

Theses

A new technique for the calculation of the transient or the steady-state mass flow rate and pressure distribution in incompressible flow networks is presented. Employing the matrix method of network analysis, the nodal continuity and branch momentum equations are solved simultaneously to obtain explicit relations giving the unknown nodal pressures and branch mass flow rates. In this manner, the transient or the steady-state behavior of incompressible flow networks with arbitrary configuration having nodal sources and sinks as well as branch transducers can be determined. In contrast with the conventional steady-state network analysis methods, the new technique can be extended to …

Transverse Vibration Of A Class Of Orthotropic Plates, Nicholas J. De Capua

Dissertations

This study determines the eigenvalues, eigenvectors, and nodal patterns of a class of orthotropic plates whose geometry is governed by the equation

(x/a)^α + (y/b)^β = 1,

where the parameters a, b, a, and a permit the plate geometry to vary over a range which includes the rhombus, circle, ellipse, square, and rectangle.

Variable thickness, inplane forces, and mixed or discontinuous boundary conditions are also considered. The following assumptions have been employed:

i). plate is thin with respect to other dimensions,

ii). deflections are small,

iii). rotary inertia and shear are neglected.

The method of analysis employed is …

A Theoretical And Experimental Study Of The Mechanism Of Axoplasmic Convection In Nerve Fibers Driven By Peristaltic Surface Waves, Robert John Biondi

Dissertations

In the study of cell biology, investigators have found that substances which are produced within the cell nucleus are sometimes found throughout the cell at points distant from the site of production. In the case of nerve cells (neurons), this is particularly dramatic because of the unusual elongated geometry of these cells.

A neuron possesses a cylindrical tubular extension called an "axon" or "axis cylinder" which is characterized by a large length-to-diameter ratio (10³-10⁶). The existence of a continuous proximo-distal flow of axoplasm within these cylindrical axons has now been demonstrated by numerous investigators. In …