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Articles 1 - 25 of 25
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Assessment Of Mitochondrial Dysfunction In Lungs From Rats Exposed To Hyperoxia And The Efficacy Of Duroquinone, Swetha Ganesh
Assessment Of Mitochondrial Dysfunction In Lungs From Rats Exposed To Hyperoxia And The Efficacy Of Duroquinone, Swetha Ganesh
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) is a hallmark of mitochondrial dysfunction. The objective of this thesis was to use a previously developed experimental-computational approach to estimate tissue ΔΨm in intact lungs of rats exposed to hyperoxia, and to evaluate the ability of duroquinone (DQ) to reverse any hyperoxia-induced depolarization of lung Ψm. Rats were exposed to hyperoxia (>95% O2) or normoxia (room air) for 48 hrs, after which lungs were excised and connected to a ventilation-perfusion system. The experimental protocol consisted of measuring the concentration of the fluorescent dye rhodamine 6G (R6G) during three single-pass phases: loading, washing, …
Stochastic Modeling For Mobile Manipulators, Xie Jiayu
Stochastic Modeling For Mobile Manipulators, Xie Jiayu
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Mobile manipulators are valuable and highly desired in many fields, especially in industrial environments. However, determining the end effector position has been challenging for scenarios where the base moves at the same time that the arm follows commands to perform specific tasks. Earlier works have attempted to dynamically evaluate the problem of positioning error for mobile manipulators, but there is still room for further improvement. In this thesis, we devise a dynamical model that leverages stochastic search strategies for mobile manipulators. More specifically, we develop a dynamic model that estimates the position of the robot using an Unscented Kalman filter. …
Detecting Invasive Insects Using Uncewed Aerial Vehicles And Variational Autoencoders, Scott Daniel Stewart
Detecting Invasive Insects Using Uncewed Aerial Vehicles And Variational Autoencoders, Scott Daniel Stewart
Master's Theses (2009 -)
In this thesis, we use machine learning techniques to address limitations in our ability to monitor pest insect migrations. Invasive insect populations, such as the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), cause significant economic and environmental damages. In order to mitigate these damages, tracking BMSB migration is vital, but it also poses a challenge. The current state-of-the-art solution to track insect migrations is called mark-release-recapture. In mark-release-recapture, a researcher marks insects with a fluorescent powder, releases them back into the wild, and searches for the insects using ultra-violet flashlights at suspected migration destination locations. However, this involves a significant amount of …
Aeroacoustic Design Of An Abrasive Blasting Nozzle Using Cfd, Adam Dehli
Aeroacoustic Design Of An Abrasive Blasting Nozzle Using Cfd, Adam Dehli
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Current industrial abrasive blasting nozzles are often loud enough to negatively impact worker health and require employers to implement hearing conservation programs under OSHA noise exposure regulations. Significant opportunity exists for the use of modern computational fluid dynamics software (CFD) in the design of an abrasive blasting nozzle with a focus on reducing the acoustic intensity. Past work using CFD for abrasive blasting nozzle design has focused on improving productivity, ignoring aeroacoustic considerations. ANSYS Fluent software was used to investigate the effect of geometry changes to a commercially available No. 6 venturi nozzle, specifically the addition of a constant cross-section …
Deep Learning Approach For Dynamic Sampling For High-Throughput Nano-Desi Msi, David Helminiak
Deep Learning Approach For Dynamic Sampling For High-Throughput Nano-Desi Msi, David Helminiak
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MSI) extracts molecular mass data to form visualizations of molecular spatial distributions. The involved scanning procedure is conducted by moving a probe across and around a rectilinear grid, as in the case of nanoscale Desorption Electro-Spray Ionization (nano-DESI) MSI, where singular measurements can take up to ~5 seconds to acquire high-resolution (better than 10 μm) results. This temporal expense creates a high inefficiency in sample processing and throughput. For example, in a high-resolution nano-DESI study, a single mouse uterine tissue section (2.5 mm by 1.7 mm) had an acquisition time of ~4 hours to acquire 104,400 pixels. …
Micromechanics Of Additively Manufactured Materials Under Dynamic Loading, Christopher Rueben Johnson
Micromechanics Of Additively Manufactured Materials Under Dynamic Loading, Christopher Rueben Johnson
Dissertations (1934 -)
Ongoing works aim to develop a predictive computational framework whichcan be utilized to shorten the design and certification cycle of additively manufactured (AM) 304L stainless steel (SS304L). High fidelity experiments are utilized to validate and parameterize the computational framework. Results have detailed differing mechanical responses across a breadth of strain rates for wrought and AM SS304L. Differences are attributed to the microstructural properties resulting from the fabrication and treatment of the materials. This work aims to supplement preexisting high strain rate compressive strength experimental data sets to further quantify process-structure-property (PSP) relationships in development of the computational framework. Materials investigated …
Deep Convolutional Correlation Particle Filter For Visual Tracking, Reza Jalil Mozhdehi
Deep Convolutional Correlation Particle Filter For Visual Tracking, Reza Jalil Mozhdehi
Dissertations (1934 -)
In this dissertation, we explore the advantages and limitations of the application of sequential Monte Carlo methods to visual tracking, which is a challenging computer vision problem. We propose six visual tracking models, each of which integrates a particle filter, a deep convolutional neural network, and a correlation filter. In our first model, we generate an image patch corresponding to each particle and use a convolutional neural network (CNN) to extract features from the corresponding image region. A correlation filter then computes the correlation response maps corresponding to these features, which are used to determine the particle weights and estimate …
Thermal Deformation In High Pressure Die Casting Shot Sleeves, Ross Crowley
Thermal Deformation In High Pressure Die Casting Shot Sleeves, Ross Crowley
Dissertations (1934 -)
Replacement of shot sleeves represents a significant cost in cold chamber high pressure die casting (HPDC) processes. It is well known that the service life of a shot sleeve is closely related to its thermomechanical deformation behavior, so an improved understanding of this behavior is needed to guide the design of shot sleeves for increased service life. Prior research efforts have analyzed shot sleeve deformation but were based on 2D representations and did not consider transient effects from the molten metal’s flow behavior. This objective of this study was to analyze thermo-mechanical deformation during the injection sequence by using a …
Direct And Non-Invasive Monitoring Of Battery Internal State Via Novel Gmi-Idt Magnetic Sensor, Akila Khatun
Direct And Non-Invasive Monitoring Of Battery Internal State Via Novel Gmi-Idt Magnetic Sensor, Akila Khatun
Dissertations (1934 -)
Efficient battery management systems (BMSs) in rechargeable battery-based systems require precise measurements of various battery parameters including state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH) and charge capacity. Presently, SOC, charge capacity and SOH can only be indirectly inferred from long-term measurement of current, open circuit voltage (OCV), and temperature using multiple sensors. These techniques can only give an approximation of SOC and often require knowledge of the recent battery history to prevent excessive inaccuracy.To improve the performance of the BMS, an alternative method of monitoring the internal state of Li-ion batteries is presented here. Theoretical analysis of Li-ion batteries …
Mid-Movement Error Corrections After Visual And Haptic Perturbations Reflect Latency And Performance Differences, Pablo Gonzalez Polanco
Mid-Movement Error Corrections After Visual And Haptic Perturbations Reflect Latency And Performance Differences, Pablo Gonzalez Polanco
Master's Theses (2009 -)
We examined a key attribute of sensory motor skill: the capability to adjust ongoing actions to correct performance errors that arise during the execution of a task. Fifteen subjects grasped the handle of a horizontal 2D planar robot that enacted a small viscous resistance to the arm movement. The subjects initiated interception movements using a prompted Go cue to quickly catch a pseudo-randomly moving target. On some trials, the robot viscosity field or the target’s motion (speed) was altered without any warning at the time of the Go cue. The viscosity could be increased which made it more difficult to …
Study Of Extensions To The Linear Sampling Method For Electromagnetic Inverse Scattering, Yeasmin Sultana
Study Of Extensions To The Linear Sampling Method For Electromagnetic Inverse Scattering, Yeasmin Sultana
Master's Theses (2009 -)
The linear sampling method (LSM) is a simple and effective qualitative method to reconstruct the support of unknown object by solving inverse scattering problem. The solution is done based on the field radiated by the elementary source located in a set of test points. In this thesis, the LSM formulation, limitations of standard LSM and extensions of LSM are discussed. Standard LSM can reconstruct simply connected objects, but it fails in case of concave or not simply connected objects. However, it can reconstruct the convex hull for such objects. Some extensions to LSM have been proposed to avoid these limitations. …
Dynamic Material Properties Copper Mountain Sandstone Under Uniaxial And Oblique Impact, Nathaniel Steven Helminiak
Dynamic Material Properties Copper Mountain Sandstone Under Uniaxial And Oblique Impact, Nathaniel Steven Helminiak
Dissertations (1934 -)
A generalized P-Lambda equation of state and strength model (dependent on hydrostatic and deviatoric stress terms) for porous alpha phase crystalline quartz under compression load was generated utilizing Copper Mountain sandstone (from Mosinee WI) and augmented with existing petrographic data. Tests with Copper Mountain sandstone samples began with an examination of elastic properties before conventional low strain rate testing was conducted. Sample thickness varying from ~0.5 mm to ~3.0 mm, were tested in high strain rate plane strain and pressure-shear configurations at impact velocities from 3 m/s to 720 m/s. Each plane strain test contained multiple sandstone samples so that …
Gaze Estimation And Tracking For Assisted Living Environments, Paris Her
Gaze Estimation And Tracking For Assisted Living Environments, Paris Her
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Assisted living environments must be able to efficiently and unobtrusively gather information on a person's well-being. Human gaze direction provides some of the strongest indicators of how a person behaves and interacts with their environment. To that end, this thesis proposes a gaze tracking method that uses a neural network regressor to estimate gaze direction from facial keypoints and integrates them over time using various temporal methods, specifically through moving averages and a Kalman filter. Our gaze regression model uses confidence gated units to handle cases of keypoint occlusion and is able to estimate its own prediction uncertainty. This approach …
Hemodynamic Evaluation Of Reconstructed Arch Geometries After Norwood Procedure Vs Non-Operated Controls, Aloma Blanch Granada
Hemodynamic Evaluation Of Reconstructed Arch Geometries After Norwood Procedure Vs Non-Operated Controls, Aloma Blanch Granada
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS) is a congenital cardiovascular defect where the left side of the heart and related structures cannot support systemic cardiac output. The Norwood procedure, performed in the first days of life, creates a neo-aorta along with arch reconstruction to provide unobstructed systemic output from the well-developed right ventricle. To evaluate the qualities of the patients reconstructed arch geometry, we aim to characterize hemodynamics within the reconstructed arch by including the head and neck arteries, pulmonary arteries, and Blalock-Taussig (BT) shunt. Prior studies have studied reconstructed arch geometry, but the current project adds more complexity to increase …
Improving Presentation Consistency Of Radiographic Images Using Deep Learning, Najib Akram Maheen Aboobacker
Improving Presentation Consistency Of Radiographic Images Using Deep Learning, Najib Akram Maheen Aboobacker
Master's Theses (2009 -)
In general radiography, inconsistency of brightness and contrast in initial presentation is a common complaint from radiologists. Inconsistencies, which may be a result of variations in patient positioning, dose, protocol selection andimplant could lead to additional workflow by technologists and radiologists to adjust the images. To tackle this challenge posed by conventional histogram-based display approach, first a Deep Learning based Brightness Contrast (DL BC) algorithm to improve the consistency in presentation by using a residual neural network trained to classify X-ray images based on a novel NxM grid of brightness and contrast combinations is proposed. More than 8,500 unique images …
Development Of Experimental And Numerical Methods For Investigations Of High-Octane Fuels In Heavy-Duty Applications, Jared James Zeman
Development Of Experimental And Numerical Methods For Investigations Of High-Octane Fuels In Heavy-Duty Applications, Jared James Zeman
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Increasingly stringent emissions regulations has threatened the existence of the internal combustion (IC) engine. In some transportation sectors, non-IC engine powertrains have the potential to be a logical solution. However, in the heavy-duty sector, the IC engine is predicted to remain the dominant propulsion method for the foreseeable future. With ever-increasing demand for heavy-duty power generation platforms, the primary focus for the development of the future heavy-duty IC engine needs to be on increasing engine efficiency and the adoption of lowlife-cycle carbon, clean burning fuels, e.g. methanol. The fuel ignition properties of these fuels, e.g. high octane, cause difficulties when …
Changes In Air-Quality In Milwaukee, Wi Due The Covid-19 Lockdown, Nathan Hay
Changes In Air-Quality In Milwaukee, Wi Due The Covid-19 Lockdown, Nathan Hay
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Shortly after COVID-19 started spreading across the country, Wisconsin instituted their shutdown on March 23rd, 2020. With large swaths of the population forced to stay at home, this presented a unique case study to evaluate the effects of reduced traffic volumes on vehicle related emissions. To do so, this study measured air quality on a 40-mile route within Milwaukee County on Wednesdays and Saturdays from 4 to 6 PM from the beginning of April until the end of August. Mobile sensors – a Sniffer 4D and micro aethalometer – were attached to a car and collected particulate matter (1.0-10 μm), …
A Dynamic System Testbed To Facilitate Controller And Estimator Designs And Its Application To Neoclassical Controllers, Justin James Kennah
A Dynamic System Testbed To Facilitate Controller And Estimator Designs And Its Application To Neoclassical Controllers, Justin James Kennah
Master's Theses (2009 -)
This thesis proposes a testbed capable of validating experimental controller designs.Because it is undesirable to implement unvalidated controller designs on physical hardware, the need for an effective testbed arises. For the testbed to be useful, it should be easy to use and contain all the hardware and software necessary to implement a controller and analyze its response. To accomplish these goals, a testbed is created by joining the National Instruments ELVIS III board with the Quanser Controls Board. Three controllers are implemented to evaluate the usefulness of the testbed. The controllers are designed using the neoclassical design technique. The neoclassical …
Near-Nozzle Holographic Imaging Of Dispersion-Induced Reductions In Combustible Dust Particle Size Distributions, Tyler James Reaker
Near-Nozzle Holographic Imaging Of Dispersion-Induced Reductions In Combustible Dust Particle Size Distributions, Tyler James Reaker
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Dust explosibility data are a critical input to the design of equipment and strategies for reducing the risk of a combustible dust deflagration or explosion. These data, which include minimum explosible concentrations, deflagration indices, and explosion overpressures, are obtained using formally accepted, standard techniques, and are known to be sensitive to the particle size characteristics of the dust being evaluated. Published literature demonstrates that the standard techniques can alter the particle size distribution during dispersion, making interpretation of the explosibility data challenging because the particle characteristics are altered from their original, raw state. Digital in-line holography (DIH) presents a novel …
Cfd Modeling Of Aerial Dispersion Of Pollutants In Urban Environments, Alec Tauer
Cfd Modeling Of Aerial Dispersion Of Pollutants In Urban Environments, Alec Tauer
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Population growth and urbanization across the globe is contributing to anincrease in air pollution emissions. Because air pollution can negatively impact public health there is a desire to model the aerial dispersion of the pollutants in urban environments. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is becoming an increasingly common tool used to provide high spatial and temporal resolution of the wind flow and pollutant transport in urban environments. In the present study, CFD is utilized to model the aerial pollutant dispersion in three domains: a flat field, an idealized urban environment, and a real urban environment neighboring the Jones’ Island Water Reclamation …
Accuracy And Computational Cost Assessment Of Radiation Solvers For Combustion Simulations, Chloe David
Accuracy And Computational Cost Assessment Of Radiation Solvers For Combustion Simulations, Chloe David
Master's Theses (2009 -)
High-fidelity combustion simulations necessitate the accurate and efficient calculation of radiative heat transfer. A successful radiation calculation requires the use of a spectral model, which describes the variation of radiative properties across the entire electromagnetic spectrum, and a radiative transfer equation (RTE) solver, which solves the governing equation for radiation transport. Three primary categories of RTE solvers are the discrete ordinates method (DOM), the spherical harmonics method (SHM), and the photon Monte Carlo (PMC) method. The accuracy and computational cost of each type of RTE solver is compared in detail in this work. The PMC RTE solver is considered the …
Solid-State Circuit Breaker Component Simulation, Matthew Hughes
Solid-State Circuit Breaker Component Simulation, Matthew Hughes
Master's Theses (2009 -)
The landscape of direct current (DC) solid-state circuit breakers (SSCBs) isgrowing and so too is the choice of primary components. Early on in the development of electrical technology, DC electrical distribution networks were handicapped by short transmission distances, poor network configurations, and overall lowered efficiency. These issues arose out of the relatively lower voltage transmission capabilities, which do not exist in the modern day of semiconductors. There now exists a wide range of devices capable of withstanding voltage levels conducive to electrical transmission; though steady state efficiency of these devices remains a concern. Choosing primary components out of the growing …
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy For The Evaluation Of Mid-Palatal Suture Maturation After Expansion, Binhuan Yuan
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy For The Evaluation Of Mid-Palatal Suture Maturation After Expansion, Binhuan Yuan
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) is a technique for characterizing the optical properties of biological tissues and has been extensively studied for diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of various diseases. This thesis investigates the potential use of DRS for the evaluation of mid-palatal suture maturation after expansion. The most common evaluation technique for palatal expansion is Computed Tomography (CT). The major issue with CT is that during serial radiological scanning, patients are repeatedly exposed to ionizing radiation. DRS is a non-invasive, non-ionizing method which can be used to quantify the tissue optical properties in the visible wavelength in vivo. This study demonstrates …
The Development And Implementation Of A Virtual Reality-Based Radiation Therapy Education And Anxiety Mitigation Program, Sophia Shanahan
The Development And Implementation Of A Virtual Reality-Based Radiation Therapy Education And Anxiety Mitigation Program, Sophia Shanahan
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Radiation therapy (RT) is commonly used in the treatment of breast cancer. According to the literature, RT is an unknown to many patients and can be a source of anxiety and fear. Towards that end, a virtual reality (VR) education program was developed that leverages head-mounted display technology to virtually place a patient in immersive representations of a CT simulation suite, dosimetry room, and treatment room that mimic the actual clinical spaces associated with RT. A virtual model of a radiation oncologist “meets” the patient in each environment and provides verbal narration. In the treatment environment, the patient is able …
Modeling Of A Patient Positioning System For Use In Mri Machines, Daniel Garcia
Modeling Of A Patient Positioning System For Use In Mri Machines, Daniel Garcia
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Since its commercial introduction in the early 1980s, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has become an important medical diagnostic tool for radiologists. Researchers and manufacturers have refined the imaging hardware and expanded the intended uses for MRI devices over time. However, MRI manufacturers have not improved the design of the mechanisms and control schemes used to move the patient.Patient positioning systems are required to handle unknown weights up to 225 kilograms, accommodate friction disturbances, move long distances at high speed, move small distances in less than 1 second, and attain sub millimeter bidirectional precision. Little research is available on model …