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Articles 1 - 30 of 58
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Applications Of Geopolymer In Civil Engineering: Feasibility Study Of Loess Stabilization And Waste Concrete Recycling, Zhen Liu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The fast growing population and economic development have resulted in an increasing demand for residential and commercial buildings and infrastructures. However, there are problems identified to fulfill this demand, including that (1) problematic soils need to be treated/improved before the construction of building and infrastructures; (2) the Portland cement industry, which is used for concrete production and as the conventional soil stabilizer, is not environment friendly; (3) qualified natural aggregates for concrete production are being depleted; and (4) great amount of construction & demolition waste (C&D waste) is being produced every year. This means that green materials and recycling the …
Physics And Applications Of A Pdms Based Centrifugal Microfluidic System, Ziliang Cai
Physics And Applications Of A Pdms Based Centrifugal Microfluidic System, Ziliang Cai
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The objective of this research work is to develop a centrifugal microfluidic system for general purposes based on microfabrication technologies including SU-8 photolithography, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) casting. The main contribution of this research is to integrate a flyball governor system into the polymer based centrifugal microfluidic platform. A series of function units are developed based on this unique mechanism. In the first part, three pinch valve systems were designed and tested. The first one is based on the magnetic force and the second one is on the basis of spring force and the last one is a membrane valve. All valving …
Optimal Location Of Biomethane Gas Manufacturing Plants And Allocation Of Feedstock And Liquified Carbon Product, Bingqing Wu
Optimal Location Of Biomethane Gas Manufacturing Plants And Allocation Of Feedstock And Liquified Carbon Product, Bingqing Wu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Biomethane gas (BMG), known for its sustainability, low environmental impact, and high profitability, has received wide attention in recent years. To facilitate the process of making strategic plans for building a BMG production system, this dissertation leverages the mathematical modeling and optimization techniques to minimize the supply chain cost for such a system. Typical elements in a BMG production system consist of the local farms that produce the feedstock, the hubs that collect and store the feedstock produced by farms, the reactors that generate BMG from the feedstock transported from the hubs, the condensers that liquefy the BMG from the …
Analyses Of The Mec1 Dna Damage Pathway In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, William Barrett Ainsworth
Analyses Of The Mec1 Dna Damage Pathway In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, William Barrett Ainsworth
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Eukaryotic organisms implement conserved surveillance machinery to sense and respond to DNA damage. Fundamental to the repair process is coordinated regulation of repair genes and initiation of cell cycle arrest protocols. Failure to preserve these checkpoints results in accumulation of mutated DNA and aberrant cell phenotypes that are characteristic of human disease. The yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, utilizes the MEC1 checkpoint pathway to regulate the DNA damage response. This study addressed two overarching themes of transcriptional and post-translational regulation within the MEC1 pathway. We first applied our understanding of the MEC1 DNA damage transcriptional response to develop advanced luciferase whole cell …
Developing Co-Current And Counter-Current Spray Drying Computational Fluid Dynamics (Cfd) Simulation Studies To Predict The Quality Of Microencapsulated Fish Oil With Egg White Hydrolysates Powders, Kevin Estuardo Mis Solval
Developing Co-Current And Counter-Current Spray Drying Computational Fluid Dynamics (Cfd) Simulation Studies To Predict The Quality Of Microencapsulated Fish Oil With Egg White Hydrolysates Powders, Kevin Estuardo Mis Solval
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Eggs are an excellent source of high quality protein containing all essential amino acids (EAA) including leucine. Food-grade protein hydrolysates can enhance the growth of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Thermal degradation of bioactives normally occurs during microencapsulation by spray drying. Spray drying modeling using computational tools is essential to engineer new food powders and to minimize and thermal degradation of bioactives. The first chapter of this work discusses the optimization of an enzymatic process in terms of reaction temperature, pH, enzyme:substrate ratio, and reaction time using a response surface methodology (RSM) to produce food-grade protein hydrolysates from egg whites (EWH). …
Catalysts For The Positional Isomerization Of Internal, Long-Chain Olefins, James Edward Bruno
Catalysts For The Positional Isomerization Of Internal, Long-Chain Olefins, James Edward Bruno
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Double-bond isomerization of internal C16-C18 olefins is a necessary step in the production of paper sizing agents. In this work, the properties that enable long-lasting solid acid catalysts (both commercial and lab-synthesized) were identified, the efficacy of regenerated solid acid catalysts was tested, and the feasibility of organometallic chain-walking catalysts (both homogeneous and polymer-supported) for olefin isomerization was evaluated. Hexadecene isomerization was investigated using perfluorinated ion exchange resins (Nafion®) supported on SiO2 or Al2O3, sulfonated poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) resins (PS-DVBs), tungstated zirconias, and acidic zeolites. Selected catalysts underwent lifetime studies. Oversulfonated PS-DVBs (e.g., Amberlyst 35) were reasonably selective with long lifetimes, only …
Applications Of Large Eddy Simulation To Study Flow And Sediment Transport In Open Channel Flows, Getnet Baynesagne Agegnehu
Applications Of Large Eddy Simulation To Study Flow And Sediment Transport In Open Channel Flows, Getnet Baynesagne Agegnehu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The motivation of this study is to extend applications of Large Eddy Simulation (LES) for typical open channel flows to elucidate the time dependent three dimensional flow and sediment transport features which are usually difficult to measure in experiments. Detailed investigations are performed on the unsteady features and, in particular, turbulent structures of the flow to demonstrate the great potential of eddy resolving methods. The instantaneous flow and sediment transport fields are investigated together with the existence of coherent structures. These structures together with ejection events (u' < 0, w' > 0), are responsible for the vertical and lateral transport of suspended sediment from …
Bioplastic Production In Cyanobacteria And Consensus Degenerate Pcr Probe Design, Courtney Edward Lane
Bioplastic Production In Cyanobacteria And Consensus Degenerate Pcr Probe Design, Courtney Edward Lane
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Cyanobacteria show much promise in reducing biodegradable thermoplastic production costs; however, most currently characterized strains are ill-equipped to do so. The result of Objective I produced a high-throughput assay designed to discover existing cyanobacterial strains and rapidly characterize them as PHA-producers or potential PHA-producers. This assay will play an instrumental role in the attainment of a novel cyanobacteria environmental isolate capable of accumulating high levels of PHA naturally. Objective II produced an open source computer program which dramatically speeds the design of similar assays for any arbitrary genetic screening purpose. The program is not limited to this implementation alone. In …
Constitutive Modeling And Experiments For The Micro And Nano Behaviors In Metals, Cheng Zhang
Constitutive Modeling And Experiments For The Micro And Nano Behaviors In Metals, Cheng Zhang
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This work addresses the micro- and nano-behaviors in metals through constitutive modeling and experiments. The size effect encountered during nanoindentation experiments, which is known as indentation size effect (ISE), is investigated for metal materials. The ISE is believed to be related with the strain gradient at small indentation depths. Geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) are formed in order to accommodate the strain gradient, which results in the increase in the material hardness. The grain boundaries in polycrystalline materials play an important role on the material hardness during nanoindentation experiments as there is a soften-hardening segment in the curve of hardness as …
Thiol-Ene Scaffolds As Synthetic Augments And Silicate Ceramics As Osteogenic Components For Bone Tissue Engineering Applications, Cong Chen
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Bone tissue engineering approaches using polymer/ceramic composites show promise as effective biocompatible, absorbable, and osteoinductive materials. A novel class of in situ polymerizing thiol-acrylate based copolymers synthesized via an amine-catalyzed Michael addition was studied for its potential to be used in bone defect repair. Both pentaerythritol triacrylate-co-trimethylolpropane tris(3-mercaptopropionate) (PETA-co-TMPTMP) and PETA-co-TMPTMP with hydroxyapatite composites were fabricated in solid cast and foamed forms. These materials were characterized chemically and mechanically followed by an in vitro evaluation of the biocompatibility and chemical stability in conjunction with human adipose-derived mesenchymal pluripotent stem cells (hASC). The solid PETA-co-TMPTMP with and without hydroxyapatite (HA) exhibited …
Hybrid Electronic Materials: Characterization And Thin-Film Deposition, Kalyan Chakravarthy Kanakamedala
Hybrid Electronic Materials: Characterization And Thin-Film Deposition, Kalyan Chakravarthy Kanakamedala
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Hybrid Electronic Materials (HEMs), as defined for this dissertation, are combinations of organic and inorganic materials as may be used to fabricate active device components in “beyond the transistor” electronics. However, the use of organics is often limited by issues such as thermal stability, compatibility with traditional (semiconductor) materials, and current processing technology. Thus, we began our exploration of HEMs with a “new” class of materials called GUMBOS (Group of Uniform Materials Based on Organic Salts) as derived from ionic liquids. For this first segment of our work, we investigated selected species of GUMBOS and nanoGUMBOS via their current-voltage characteristics, …
Laboratory Experimental Demonstration Of The Effect Of Oceanic Whitecaps In The Transport Of Oil And Dispersant Components To The Atmosphere, Paria Avij
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
During the DWH oil spill, vast quantities of crude oil were released into the sea-surface environment of the Gulf of Mexico. There has been ample research focused on the transport of oil into the different environmental sections. Evaporation has been considered to be the only transport pathway of oil spill matter into the atmosphere. However, the aerosolization of oil and dispersant via bursting bubbles as they occur in whitecaps and breaking waves has not been considered in the oil and dispersant budget calculation. This transport vector is significant as it is the dominant source of particulate matter production in the …
A Comprehensive Optimization Framework For Designing Sustainable Renewable Energy Production Systems, Aryan Geraili Nejadfomeshi
A Comprehensive Optimization Framework For Designing Sustainable Renewable Energy Production Systems, Aryan Geraili Nejadfomeshi
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
As the world has recognized the importance of diversifying its energy resource portfolio away from fossil resources and more towards renewable resources such as biomass, there arises a need for developing strategies which can design renewable sustainable value chains that can be scaled up efficiently and provide tangible net environmental benefits from energy utilization. The objective of this research is to develop and implement a novel decision-making framework for the optimal design of renewable energy systems. The proposed optimization framework is based on a distributed, systematic approach which is composed of different layers including systems-based strategic optimization, detailed mechanistic modeling …
Uncertainty Analyses Of Climate Change Impact On Hydrologic Projections, Ehsan Beigi
Uncertainty Analyses Of Climate Change Impact On Hydrologic Projections, Ehsan Beigi
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This study conducts uncertainty analysis on future region-scale hydrologic projections under the uncertain climate change projections of the IPCC Fifth and Forth Assessment Reports. The hierarchical Bayesian model averaging (HBMA) method is adopted to segregate and prioritize sources of climate projection uncertainty, obtain ensemble mean of hydrologic projection, and quantify the hydrologic projection uncertainty arising from individual uncertainty sources. This study deals with the choices of greenhouse gas (GHG) concentration trajectories, global climate models (GCMs), and GCM initial conditions as three major uncertainty sources in downscaled precipitation and temperature projections. The method is applied to investigate future hydrologic projections in …
Product Parameters Optimization For Double Purge Of C-Magma Integrated With Conventional Three-Boiling Crystallization Scheme To Improve Raw Sugar Whole Color, Luz Stella Polanco
Product Parameters Optimization For Double Purge Of C-Magma Integrated With Conventional Three-Boiling Crystallization Scheme To Improve Raw Sugar Whole Color, Luz Stella Polanco
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Efficient crystallization in raw sugar production is the result of a combination of factors and responses that meet specific criteria. Matching a sugar quality standard, maximizing sugar yield, maximizing crystallization equipment capacity and minimizing heat requirement are all necessary optimization criteria. A double centrifugation or purge of C-magma is intended to improve raw sugar whole color by the reduction of color recirculation with the sugar crystal. Combining a three boiling crystallization scheme with a second centrifugation after the last crystallization stage required optimizing the input/output product parameters (purities) and the location of the liquid recycle component (double purge molasses) for …
Electrochemical Study Of Ammonium Interaction With Au,Sn And Cu Electrodes In Nonaqueous Electrolytes, Guoying Qu
Electrochemical Study Of Ammonium Interaction With Au,Sn And Cu Electrodes In Nonaqueous Electrolytes, Guoying Qu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Nonaqueous electrolytes play an important role in electrochemical devices such as flip chip and lithium-air batteries. In this work, we examine ammonium-Cu, Sn and Li interactions in nonaqueous electrolytes to optimize the future flip chip flux and electrolyte additive of lithium-air battery. The activity of halogen-free carboxylic acid flux is considered one of the most important aspects in controlling flip chip joint quality recently. CuOx removal effectiveness of carboxylic acid solutions at Cu substrates using electrochemical methods at elevated temperatures from 100ºC to 180ºC is studied thoroughly by chronopotentiometry and gravimetric analysis. Carboxylic acid-based solutions with ethanolamine show oxide removal …
Heat Transfer And Film Cooling On A Gas Turbine Blade And Shroud, Onieluan Tamunobere
Heat Transfer And Film Cooling On A Gas Turbine Blade And Shroud, Onieluan Tamunobere
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
At a fixed pressure ratio, the thermodynamic efficiency and net power output of a gas turbine engine increases with an increase in the turbine inlet temperature. Cooling is necessary because of the thermal limits of the engine materials. This research studies through experimentation, the heat transfer and cooling of critical gas turbine components including the shroud and blade tip. In the first phase, the shroud heat transfer behavior and the effectiveness of shroud cooling under the conditions of rotation is undertaken in a single stage turbine at a design rotation speed of 550 rpm, at off-design speeds and for varying …
Deepwater Gulf Of Mexico Oil Spill Scenarios Development And Their Associated Risk Assessment, Muhammad Zulqarnain
Deepwater Gulf Of Mexico Oil Spill Scenarios Development And Their Associated Risk Assessment, Muhammad Zulqarnain
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
World’s growing energy demand has pushed oil companies to explore and produce hydrocarbons in complex and technologically challenging deepwater environments. These difficult and complex operations involve the risk of major accidents as well, demonstrated by disasters such as the explosion and fire on the UK production platform Piper Alpha and capsizing of the Deepwater Horizon rig in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). Accidents cause death, suffering, pollution of the environment, disruption of business and bad reputation to oil industry. A quantitative risk analysis technique has been used in this study to identify and categorize risk associated with different life phases …
Deposition And Characterization Of Ceramic Thin Films And A New Experimental Approach To Evaluate The Mechanical Integrity Of Film/Substrate Interfacial Layers, Yang Mu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Due to their corrosion resistance, high temperature stability, high strength, and high hardness, refractory ceramic thin films and coatings have been utilized for surface engineering of mechanical components and mechanical fabrication tools. Adhesion between ceramic thin films and coatings and the substrate is of critical concern for performance and life time of coated systems. In this dissertation, a custom designed and constructed ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) vapor phase deposition system was used for the preparation of ceramic thin films through low-pressure high-density plasma assisted physical vapor deposition (PVD) methods. Deposited thin films were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), …
Challenges Towards Structural Integrity And Performance Improvement Of Welded Structures, Mohammad Washim Dewan
Challenges Towards Structural Integrity And Performance Improvement Of Welded Structures, Mohammad Washim Dewan
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Welding is a fabrication process that joint materials, is extensively utilized in almost every field of metal constructions. Heterogeneity in mechanical properties, metallurgical and geometrical defects, post-weld residual stresses and distortion due to non-linear welding processes are prime concerns for performance reduction and failures of welded structures. Consequently, structural integrity analysis and performance improvement of weld joints are important issues that must be considered for structural safety and durability under loading. In this study, an extensive experimental program and analysis were undertaken on the challenges towards structural integrity analysis and performance improvement of different welded joints. Two widely used welding …
Application Of Discrete Element Method And Computational Fluid Dynamics To Selected Dispersed Phase Flow Problems, Oladapo Olanrewaju Ayeni
Application Of Discrete Element Method And Computational Fluid Dynamics To Selected Dispersed Phase Flow Problems, Oladapo Olanrewaju Ayeni
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
A parallel discrete particle modelling framework (PAR_DPM3D) is applied to study three fundamental multiphase flow problems: The sedimentation of a cluster of particles in a viscous ambient fluid, multiphase flow in a bench-scale fluidized bed and granular segregation and mixing dynamics in a rotating drum. Various phenomena including torus formation and particle cluster breakup are reproduced. We provide new insights into the volume fraction dependence of the dynamic characteristics of a settling particle cluster and find a similar dependence in the simulations as in the theoretical predictions of Nitsche and Batchelor 1. Similarities in the interaction between a system of …
Experimental Designs For Model Discrimination And Uncertainty Reduction In Groundwater Modeling, Hai Van Pham
Experimental Designs For Model Discrimination And Uncertainty Reduction In Groundwater Modeling, Hai Van Pham
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Groundwater systems are complex and subject to multiple interpretations due to a lack of sufficient information. Different propositions (or alternatives) are often proposed to represent uncertain model components resulted in many conceptual models using the same data. Yet considering too many models may lead to high prediction uncertainty and may lose the purpose of model development. To decrease the prediction uncertainty due to conceptual model uncertainty, two experimental designs are proposed. The first experimental design intends to identify model propositions in each uncertain model component. A discrimination criterion is developed based on posterior model probability. Bayesian model averaging (BMA) is …
Thermo-Catalytic Upgrading Of Pyrolysis Vapors Using Electromagnetic Heating, Pranjali Devidas Muley
Thermo-Catalytic Upgrading Of Pyrolysis Vapors Using Electromagnetic Heating, Pranjali Devidas Muley
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Electromagnetic heating offers several advantages such as rapid heating rates, accurate temperature control and energy efficiency over conventional reactors. The goal of this study was to design an effective and energy efficient catalytic reactor for pyrolysis vapor upgrading. An induction based catalytic reactor was designed for upgrading of pyrolysis vapors. The effect of catalyst bed temperatures (290°, 330° and 370°C) and biomass to catalyst ratios of 1, 1.5 and 2 was studied. The results were compared to conventional heating reactor. Induction heating reactor performance exceeded that of conventional heater. The biomass to catalyst ratio of 2 in combination with the …
Sustainable Materials For Pavement Infrastructure: Design And Performance Of Asphalt Mixtures Containing Recycled Asphalt Shingles, Samuel B. Cooper, Jr
Sustainable Materials For Pavement Infrastructure: Design And Performance Of Asphalt Mixtures Containing Recycled Asphalt Shingles, Samuel B. Cooper, Jr
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
As the price of liquid asphalt continuously climb, methods are being sought to decrease material costs which will have less impact on ecological systems without compromising material or pavement performance. The use of recycled materials is one method that can replace a percentage of their virgin counterparts, thus reducing the negative impacts on the environment. Asphalt mixture performance is affected by the level of blending that occurs between aged and virgin asphalt binders. The interaction and compatibility of recycling agents (RAs) with recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) and reclaimed asphalt pavements (RAP) have not been thoroughly evaluated since the 1970s. To …
Image-Based Modeling Of Porous Media Using Fem And Lagrangian Particle Tracking, Paula Cysneiros Sanematsu
Image-Based Modeling Of Porous Media Using Fem And Lagrangian Particle Tracking, Paula Cysneiros Sanematsu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The study of fundamental flow and transport processes at the pore scale is essential to understanding how the mechanisms affect larger, field-scale, processes that occur in oil and gas recovery, groundwater flow, contaminant transport, and CO2 sequestration. Pore-scale imaging and modeling is one of the techniques used to investigate these fundamental mechanisms. Although extensive development of pore-scale imaging and modeling has occurred recently, some areas still need further advances. In this work, we address two areas: (1) imaging of bulk proppants and proppant-filled fractures under varying loading stress and flow simulation in these systems and (2) nanoparticle (NP) transport modeling …
Connected Vehicle Technology: User And System Performance Characteristics, Osama Abdulmonaem Thabet Osman
Connected Vehicle Technology: User And System Performance Characteristics, Osama Abdulmonaem Thabet Osman
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The emerging connected vehicle (CV) technology plays a promising role in providing more operable and safer transportation environments. Yet, many questions remain unanswered as to how various user and system characteristics of CV-enabled networks can shape the successful implementation of the technology to maximize the return on investment. This research attempts to capture the effect of multiple factors such as traffic density, market penetration, and transmission range on the communication stability and overall network performance by developing a new CONnectivity ROBustness (CONROB) model. The model was tested with data collected from microscopic simulation of a 195 sq-mile traffic network and …
Coupled Gradient Enhanced Damage - Viscoplasticity Model Using Phase Field Method, Navid Mozaffari
Coupled Gradient Enhanced Damage - Viscoplasticity Model Using Phase Field Method, Navid Mozaffari
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The aim of this dissertation is developing a framework to describe damage evolution as a phase transformation in solid materials and couple it to the well-known Perzyna type viscoplastic model to account for inelastic behavior of ductile materials. To accomplish this task, the following steps have been performed. First, a new nonlocal, gradient based damage model is proposed for isotropic elastic damage using the phase field method in order to show the evolution of damage in brittle materials. The general framework of the phase field model (PFM) is discussed and the order parameter is related to the damage variable in …
Interorganizational Collaboration And Systemic Change Framework For Building Information Modeling (Bim) Adoption, Rehema Joseph Monko
Interorganizational Collaboration And Systemic Change Framework For Building Information Modeling (Bim) Adoption, Rehema Joseph Monko
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
It was found that an integrated framework needs to be developed for the construction industry that allows optimized interorganizational collaboration and systemic change while using Building Information Modeling (BIM) technologies. The framework needs to be effective so the industry can adopt BIM through a set of interdependent activities beyond their organizational boundaries. The adoption has been proven difficult because of industry competitiveness and a fragmented work environment. Meanwhile, existing frameworks vary between studies. This research developed an integrated framework, identified critical factors, and provided an evaluation guide for interorganizational collaboration and set of coordinated changes necessary to adopt BIM. This …
Risk-Based Wind Loss And Mitigation For Residential Wood Framed Construction, Fatemeh Orooji
Risk-Based Wind Loss And Mitigation For Residential Wood Framed Construction, Fatemeh Orooji
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
As a result of increasing windstorm losses in the United States over the past 50 years, a variety of residential wind hazard mitigation methods have been suggested. Mitigation undoubtedly reduces windstorm losses; however, the expected economic risk reduction of mitigation practices over the life of the building depends on the building characteristics (i.e., capacity) and the intensity and occurrence of wind speeds (i.e., demand). Effective decision making requires estimation of potential future losses based on many variables. Many models, primarily mechanics-based simulation models, have been developed to predict building damage from wind events; however; fewer models of economic loss have …
Field Instrumentation And Testing To Study Set-Up Phenomenon Of Driven Piles And Its Implementation In Lrfd Design Methodology, Md Nafiul Haque
Field Instrumentation And Testing To Study Set-Up Phenomenon Of Driven Piles And Its Implementation In Lrfd Design Methodology, Md Nafiul Haque
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This research study investigates the pile set-up phenomenon for clayey soils and develops the models to predict pile set-up resistance at a certain time after the end of driving (EOD). The increase of pile resistance after EOD is known as “pile set-up”. To fulfill this objective, a total number of twelve prestressed concrete (PSC) test piles were driven in different soil conditions of Louisiana. In addition, dynamic load tests (DLT) and static load tests (SLT) were usually performed to verify the axial resistances of piles at specific times after EOD, as well as to quantify the amount of increase in …