Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Neuroscience (2)
- Active colloids (1)
- Arrayed sensor (1)
- Attention (1)
- Azides (1)
-
- Biomedical Engineering (1)
- Cancer (1)
- Chemical stimulation (1)
- Coumarins (1)
- Drosophila (1)
- EEG (1)
- Elastase (1)
- Enzyme (1)
- Exosomes (1)
- Functional Connectivity (1)
- Glia (1)
- Graphene nanoplatelets (1)
- Hebbian (1)
- Inter-Subject Correlation (1)
- Intracranial EEG (1)
- LTD (1)
- LTP (1)
- Learning (1)
- Liquid flow control (1)
- Local chemical delivery (1)
- Low voltage actuation (1)
- Macroporous silicon membrane (1)
- Mathematical oncology (1)
- Melanoma (1)
- MiR-221-5p (1)
Articles 1 - 10 of 10
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Neural Processing Of Semantic Content In Movies, Maximilian Nentwich
Neural Processing Of Semantic Content In Movies, Maximilian Nentwich
Dissertations and Theses
Naturalistic stimuli, such as movies, contain interacting, multimodal and semantic features and allow for free exploration through eye movements. The full extent of neural responses to features such as motion, film cuts and eye movement behavior has not been established. The main hypothesis of this thesis is that complex multimodal and semantic stimuli in naturalistic movies engage a widespread ensemble of locations across the entire brain. To address this question I analyzed simultaneous intracranial and eyetracking data from over 6,000 electrodes across 23 patients with intractable epilepsy. Responses to fast eye movements – saccades – and film cuts are widespread …
Exosome- And Microrna-Based Therapeutic Approach For Tendinopathy, Angela Wang Ilaltdinov
Exosome- And Microrna-Based Therapeutic Approach For Tendinopathy, Angela Wang Ilaltdinov
Dissertations and Theses
Tendinopathy, characterized by degeneration and chronic inflammation, is a significant clinical burden. Current treatments focus on symptom management but do not sufficiently address its underlying pathology; however, stem cell-based approaches aimed at repairing diseased tissues may overcome this limitation. Therapeutic effects of stem cells may be due in part to paracrine actions, including some mediated by exosomes – extracellular vesicles secreted by cells that play a role in cell communication. MicroRNA (miRNA), small non-coding RNA carried by exosomes, are likely responsible for many exosome effects. Exosomes and miRNA therapies show promise in treating diseases such as cancer and arthritis, but …
When The Brain Plays A Game: Neural Responses To Visual Dynamics During Naturalistic Visual Tasks, Jason Ki
When The Brain Plays A Game: Neural Responses To Visual Dynamics During Naturalistic Visual Tasks, Jason Ki
Dissertations and Theses
Many day-to-day tasks involve processing of complex visual information in a continuous stream. While much of our knowledge on visual processing has been established from reductionist approaches in lab-controlled settings, very little is known about the processing of complex dynamic stimuli experienced in everyday scenarios. Traditional investigations employ event-related paradigms that involve presentation of simple stimuli at select locations in visual space and discrete moments in time. In contrast, visual stimuli in real-life are highly dynamic, spatially-heterogeneous, and semantically rich. Moreover, traditional experiments impose unnatural task constraints (e.g., inhibited saccades), thus, it is unclear whether theories developed under the reductionist …
A New Mathematical Theory For The Dynamics Of Large Tumor Populations, A Potential Mechanism For Cancer Dormancy & Recurrence And Experimental Observation Of Melanoma Progression In Zebrafish, Adeyinka A. Lesi
Dissertations and Theses
Cancer, a family of over a hundred disease varieties, results in 600,000 deaths in the U.S. alone. Yet, improvements in imaging technology to detect disease earlier, pharmaceutical developments to shrink or eliminate tumors, and modeling of biological interactions to guide treatment have prevented millions of deaths. Cancer patients with initially similar disease can experience vastly different outcomes, including sustained recovery, refractory disease or, remarkably, recurrence years after apparently successful treatment. The current understanding of such recurrences is that they depend on the random occurrence of critical mutations. Clearly, these biological changes appear to be sufficient for recurrence, but are they …
Development Of Light Actuated Chemical Delivery Platform On A 2-D Array Of Micropore Structure, Hojjat Rostami Azmand, Hojjat Rostami Azmand
Development Of Light Actuated Chemical Delivery Platform On A 2-D Array Of Micropore Structure, Hojjat Rostami Azmand, Hojjat Rostami Azmand
Dissertations and Theses
Localized chemical delivery plays an essential role in the fundamental information transfers within biological systems. Thus, the ability to mimic the natural chemical signal modulation would provide significant contributions to understand the functional signaling pathway of biological cells and develop new prosthetic devices for neurological disorders. In this paper, we demonstrate a light-controlled hydrogel platform that can be used for localized chemical delivery in a high spatial resolution. By utilizing the photothermal behavior of graphene-hydrogel composites confined within micron-sized fluidic channels, patterned light illumination creates the parallel and independent actuation of chemical release in a group of fluidic ports. The …
Attention Strongly Modulates Reliability Of Neural Response To Naturalistic Narrative Stimuli, Jason Ki
Attention Strongly Modulates Reliability Of Neural Response To Naturalistic Narrative Stimuli, Jason Ki
Dissertations and Theses
Attentional engagement is a major determinant of how effectively we gather information through our senses. Alongside the sheer growth in the amount and variety of information content we are presented with through modern media, there is increased variability in the degree to which we ‘absorb’ that information. Traditional research on attention has illuminated the basic principles of sensory selection to isolated features or locations, but it provides little insight into the neural underpinnings of our attentional engagement with modern naturalistic content. Here, we show in human subjects that the reliability of an individual's neural responses with respect to a larger …
Effects Of Weak Electric Fields On Long-Term Synaptic Plasticity, Gregory Kronberg
Effects Of Weak Electric Fields On Long-Term Synaptic Plasticity, Gregory Kronberg
Dissertations and Theses
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a technique where a weak direct electrical current is applied to the scalp with the goal of stimulating the brain. There is tremendous interest in the use of tDCS for treating brain disorders and improving brain function. However, the effects of tDCS have been highly variable across studies, leading to a debate over its efficacy. A major challenge is therefore to design tDCS protocols that yield predictable effects, which will require a better understanding of its basic mechanisms of action. One commonly discussed mechanism is that tDCS may alter synaptic plasticity, but the biophysics …
Collective Chemotaxis Of Retinal Neural Cells From Drosophila Melanogaster In Controlled Microenvironments, Stephanie Zhang
Collective Chemotaxis Of Retinal Neural Cells From Drosophila Melanogaster In Controlled Microenvironments, Stephanie Zhang
Dissertations and Theses
More than 172 million people are influenced by a retinal disorder that stems from either age-related or developmental causes. Of those, 1.5 million people endure a developmental retinal disorder. In the developing retina, neural cells undergo a series of highly complicated differentiation and migration process. A main cause of these diseases is abnormal collective migration of neural progenitors hindering the retinogenesis process. However, our grasp of collective migration and signaling molecules, critical to the developing retina, is incompletely understood. Understanding the molecular mechanisms, such as the fibroblast growth factor pathway, that regulate glial and neuronal migration provides decisive insights in …
Enzymatically Active Microspheres For Self-Propelled Colloidal Engines, Jungeun Park
Enzymatically Active Microspheres For Self-Propelled Colloidal Engines, Jungeun Park
Dissertations and Theses
Micro- and nano-motors have attracted numerous attentions from various scientific areas due to their potential applications. Most studies on self-propelled colloidal engines have exploited catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to drive the motor. Since the hydrogen peroxide is caustic, it is not suitable to use in biological applications, encouraging people to develop “greener” fuels. The aim of this research is to study a new transduction mechanism for self-propulsion not tied to hydrogen peroxide, and which can in particular be used with biological molecules as fuels. In this study, we focus on making particles with enzymatic activity which can effectively decompose …
Synthesis Of 4-Azidocoumarins And Their Use In Copper-Catalyzed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition Reactions, Anthony J. Netsuri
Synthesis Of 4-Azidocoumarins And Their Use In Copper-Catalyzed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition Reactions, Anthony J. Netsuri
Dissertations and Theses
Triazole-containing compounds have shown great biological activity ranging from antiviral, antibacterial, to anticancer, to name a few. Coumarin derivatives have also shown interesting biological activities. The combination of these bioactive compounds appears to have great promise for new and future medicines. In this work, various 4-azido-coumarins were synthesized via the transformation of the 4-hydroxy derivatives to 4-benzotriazolyloxy coumarins by reaction with the peptide coupling agent (benzotriazol-1-yloxy)tris-(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (BOP), and 1,8-diazabicycloundec-7-ene (DBU) as the base, in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solvent. The 4-benzotriazolyloxy coumarins were converted to the 4-azidocoumarins by reaction with sodium azide (NaN3), and the overall process was simplified to a …