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Articles 1 - 30 of 200
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Thermoplastics 3d Printing Using Fused Deposition Modeling On Fabrics, Maxwell M. Blais
Thermoplastics 3d Printing Using Fused Deposition Modeling On Fabrics, Maxwell M. Blais
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The creation of objects with integrated flexibility is desired and this can be achieved by additive manufacturing on fabric. We propose to use a textile fabric as a flexible joint and create to create an entire object with smaller parts called segments. Such a novel technique will bring integrated flexibility and folded assemblies using extrusion based additive manufacturing machines. The proposed process allows segments to be created flat one at a time on a continuous fabric, which will be suitable for flat to folded assemblies and eliminate size limitations of the 3D printer. Techniques considering object segmentation were used to …
Engineering The Spectrum Of Near-Field Thermal Radiation, Saman Zare
Engineering The Spectrum Of Near-Field Thermal Radiation, Saman Zare
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Thermal emission observed at sub-wavelength distances from the thermal source is referred to as near-field thermal radiation. Thermal radiation in the near-field regime can exceed Planck’s blackbody limit by orders of magnitude and be quasi-monochromatic. Due to these unique properties, near-field thermal radiation is very promising for several thermal management and energy harvesting applications. Many of these applications, such as nanogap thermophotovoltaics and thermal rectification, require near-field spectra that are not found among natural materials. Artificial metamaterials, which are engineered at the sub-wavelength scale, have been theoretically proposed for tuning the spectrum of near-field thermal radiation. However, engineering the near-field …
Anthropogenic Effects On Tidal Distortion In A Tidal River, Matthew D. Fischer
Anthropogenic Effects On Tidal Distortion In A Tidal River, Matthew D. Fischer
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Tidal rivers are landward portions of estuarine systems constituting the union between coastal, tidally controlled settings and rivers, where fluvial processes dominate. In these reaches, river discharge (mean flow) and tides are the two most important mechanisms in controlling geophysical flows. The processes governing water levels and current amplitudes in tidal rivers are highly nonlinear and modulated by external forcings- thus requiring sophisticated techniques for accurate prediction and forecasting. Physical oceanographers and estuarine physicists tend to limit their study area to the maximum extent of the horizontal tide (salinity intrusion), not the most landward point influenced by tidal water levels. …
Computational Investigations Of The Fluid-Structure Interaction During Phonation: The Role Of Vocal Fold Elasticity And Glottal Flow Unsteadiness, Xiaojian Wang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Human voice production arises from the biomechanical interaction between vocal fold vibrations and airflow dynamics. Changes in vocal fold stiffness can lead to changes in vocal fold vibration patterns and further changes in voice outcomes. A good knowledge of the cause-and-effect relationship between vocal fold stiffness and voice production can not only deepen the understanding of voice production mechanisms but also benefit the treatment of voice disorders associated with vocal fold stiffness changes. This constitutes the first objective of this dissertation. The second objective of this dissertation is to further examine the range of validity of the quasi-steady assumption of …
Operation And Preliminary Energy Balance Of A Portable Kelp Dryer In Maine, Tuqa Al-Asadi
Operation And Preliminary Energy Balance Of A Portable Kelp Dryer In Maine, Tuqa Al-Asadi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Seaweed (macroalgae) is a marine resource that has a high economic value. Seaweeds are important commodities as raw material for food or additives and as a source of biomass. One popular species of seaweed is Sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima) – a brown algae that is native to the Maine coast and also a commonly farmed species. It is a rich source of fibers, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Seaweeds are highly perishable due to their high moisture content and will spoil quickly if not preserved, therefore a common practice is to dry the product to prolong storage life and to minimize …
Implementation And Testing Of Surface Acoustic Wave Strain Sensors For Harsh Environment Applications, David W. Leff
Implementation And Testing Of Surface Acoustic Wave Strain Sensors For Harsh Environment Applications, David W. Leff
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Static and dynamic strain sensing is needed in high-temperature, harsh environment applications for structural health monitoring, condition-based maintenance, process efficiency monitoring, and operator safety in power plants, oil wells, metallurgy, aerospace, and automotive industries. Some challenges for sensors in these environments include device integrity, stability, mounting, packaging, and data acquisition techniques. In addition, it is desirable for sensors in high-temperature harsh-environments to be compact, operate without a battery, and have wireless interrogation capabilities so that they can be installed in small, hard-to-reach locations that otherwise could not be monitored.
Surface acoustic wave resonator (SAWR) sensors can respond to the demands …
Modeling The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Speeding At Rural Roadway Facilities In Maine Using Short-Term Speed And Traffic Count Data., Amirhossein Shahlaeegilan
Modeling The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Speeding At Rural Roadway Facilities In Maine Using Short-Term Speed And Traffic Count Data., Amirhossein Shahlaeegilan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The COVID-19 pandemic caused a significant change in traffic operations and safety. For instance, various U.S. states reported an increase in the rate of fatal and severe injury crashes over this duration. In April and May 2020, the comprehensive stay-at-home orders were issued across the country, including in Maine. These orders resulted in drastic reductions in traffic volume,switching working policies of noticeable number of corporations and educational administrations like universities to the remote working, closure of many organizations during the lockdown period, and people avoidance to public places to suppress the possible exposure to the virus were among the most …
Engineering The Development Of Neuromuscular Circuitry On-Chip, Inès Khiyara
Engineering The Development Of Neuromuscular Circuitry On-Chip, Inès Khiyara
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Neuromuscular development happens in a complex interconnected network of biochemical pathways. This complicated embryonic development follows a strong, functional, and precise neuromuscular network that has interested both scientists and engineers who seek to better understand neuromuscular diseases. These disorders can be inherited or acquired, and their severity and mortality can vary. Researchers first studied the neuromuscular network from an organismal perspective, and more recently from an embryological, cellular, molecular, biochemical, and genetic perspective. From these studies, the fundamental principles of motor neuron pathfinding to muscles are widely understood, but the molecular drivers of specific nerve-muscle pairing remain unknown. Although in …
The Role Of Generative Adversarial Networks In Bioimage Analysis And Computational Diagnostics., Ahmed Naglah
The Role Of Generative Adversarial Networks In Bioimage Analysis And Computational Diagnostics., Ahmed Naglah
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Computational technologies can contribute to the modeling and simulation of the biological environments and activities towards achieving better interpretations, analysis, and understanding. With the emergence of digital pathology, we can observe an increasing demand for more innovative, effective, and efficient computational models. Under the umbrella of artificial intelligence, deep learning mimics the brain’s way in learn complex relationships through data and experiences. In the field of bioimage analysis, models usually comprise discriminative approaches such as classification and segmentation tasks. In this thesis, we study how we can use generative AI models to improve bioimage analysis tasks using Generative Adversarial Networks …
Iot In Smart Communities, Technologies And Applications., Muhammad Zaigham Abbas Shah Syed
Iot In Smart Communities, Technologies And Applications., Muhammad Zaigham Abbas Shah Syed
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Internet of Things is a system that integrates different devices and technologies, removing the necessity of human intervention. This enables the capacity of having smart (or smarter) cities around the world. By hosting different technologies and allowing interactions between them, the internet of things has spearheaded the development of smart city systems for sustainable living, increased comfort and productivity for citizens. The Internet of Things (IoT) for Smart Cities has many different domains and draws upon various underlying systems for its operation, in this work, we provide a holistic coverage of the Internet of Things in Smart Cities by discussing …
Re-Engineering Cardio-Oncology Testing Using Biomimetic Heart Slice Cultures., Jessica Miller
Re-Engineering Cardio-Oncology Testing Using Biomimetic Heart Slice Cultures., Jessica Miller
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
28% of drug withdrawal from the market are due to unforeseen disruptions in cardiomyocyte contractility and electrophysiology. The most commonly used platforms for drug testing are in vivo animal models and in vitro cell culture models. While both have been of paramount importance for the discovery and detection of many cardiotoxicities and mechanisms of action, they lack the ability to model an intact human myocardium. This work aims to establish cardiac tissue slices, which are 300-micron thin tissue sections taken from the left ventricular myocardium, as an alternative platform for cardio-oncology studies, specifically cardiotoxicity testing. Additionally, this work aims to …
Anion Alloying Of Iii-V Semiconductors For Water Splitting., Sonia Calero-Barney
Anion Alloying Of Iii-V Semiconductors For Water Splitting., Sonia Calero-Barney
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The challenge of solar energy conversion and storage translates into the discovery and development of semiconductor materials that can transform sunlight energy into electricity and/or high-energy-density fuels in a cost-effective way. From the solar energy conversion perspective, cation-alloyed III-V solar cells hold record-breaking energy conversion efficiencies, while anion-alloyed III-V’s are particularly interesting for photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation. The major challenge for the adoption of III-V-based technologies lies in the high manufacturing costs of established synthesis techniques and the difficulty to control the composition of ternary alloys. One of the materials investigated in this work is GaSbzP1-z. Thermodynamic …
Models And Algorithms For Trauma Network Design., Sagarkumar Dhirubhai Hirpara
Models And Algorithms For Trauma Network Design., Sagarkumar Dhirubhai Hirpara
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Trauma continues to be the leading cause of death and disability in the US for people aged 44 and under, making it a major public health problem. The geographical maldistribution of Trauma Centers (TCs), and the resulting higher access time to the nearest TC, has been shown to impact trauma patient safety and increase disability or mortality. State governments often design a trauma network to provide prompt and definitive care to their citizens. However, this process is mainly manual and experience-based and often leads to a suboptimal network in terms of patient safety and resource utilization. This dissertation fills important …
Wet Chemical Synthesis And Properties Of Argyrodite Sulfide Solid Electrolytes For Solid State Lithium Batteries., William Arnold
Wet Chemical Synthesis And Properties Of Argyrodite Sulfide Solid Electrolytes For Solid State Lithium Batteries., William Arnold
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The commercialization of the lithium-ion battery (LIB) in 1991 was responsible for the explosion in portable electronic technologies that has been seen over the past 30 years. With the advent of electric vehicles and other high-powered technologies, there is tremendous demand for LIBs with higher energy density and high safety. To achieve this, new electrode materials must be explored. The obvious choice of anode material would be pure metal lithium, which has a theoretical specific capacity of 3860 mAh g-1 . Unfortunately, metal lithium anodes have not been widely commercialized due to their tendency to react violently with the …
Nonlinear Observers For Burning Zone Temperatures And Torque Estimation Of The Rotary Cement Kiln., Bhagyashri Aditya Bhagwat
Nonlinear Observers For Burning Zone Temperatures And Torque Estimation Of The Rotary Cement Kiln., Bhagyashri Aditya Bhagwat
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Due to consistent expansion in the infrastructure and housing sectors worldwide have given a new way for the rapid growth of global cement market. Increased global demand for the cement production makes the attractive research topic which can lead to the quality and overall efficiency of the product. Measurement of the temperature in the burning zone is vital to maintain product quality and kiln efficiency in the cement industry. Often the BZT is un-measurable due to internal kiln conditions, dusty environment, extreme heat, harshness for example and this leads to kiln not being driven as efficient as possible. Multi-physics tools …
Design, Evaluation, And Control Of Nexus: A Multiscale Additive Manufacturing Platform With Integrated 3d Printing And Robotic Assembly., Danming Wei
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Additive manufacturing (AM) technology is an emerging approach to creating three-dimensional (3D) objects and has seen numerous applications in medical implants, transportation, aerospace, energy, consumer products, etc. Compared with manufacturing by forming and machining, additive manufacturing techniques provide more rapid, economical, efficient, reliable, and complex manufacturing processes. However, additive manufacturing also has limitations on print strength and dimensional tolerance, while traditional additive manufacturing hardware platforms for 3D printing have limited flexibility. In particular, part geometry and materials are limited to most 3D printing hardware. In addition, for multiscale and complex products, samples must be printed, fabricated, and transferred among different …
The Role Of Mri In Diagnosing Autism: A Machine Learning Perspective., Yaser Elnakieb
The Role Of Mri In Diagnosing Autism: A Machine Learning Perspective., Yaser Elnakieb
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
There is approximately 1 in every 44 children in the United States suffers from autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a disorder characterized by social and behavioral impairments. Communication difficulties, interpersonal difficulties, and behavioral difficulties are the top common symptoms. Even though symptoms can begin as early as infancy, it may take multiple visits to a pediatric specialist before an accurate diagnosis can be made. In addition, the diagnosis can be subjective, and different specialists may give different scores. There is a growing body of research suggesting differences in brain development and/or environmental and/or genetic factors contribute to autism development, but scientists …
Establishing The Efficacy Of Non-Cellular Components Of Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction In Promoting Angiogenesis., Daniel Benson
Establishing The Efficacy Of Non-Cellular Components Of Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction In Promoting Angiogenesis., Daniel Benson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Microvascular disease is hallmarked by pathophysiological conditions such as endothelial senescence, intimal thickening which impairs vasodilation, and regression of the capillary beds causing tissue ischemia in the myocardium or in peripheral vascular networks. Adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) has previously demonstrated the ability to revascularize tissue. Increasing evidence shows that regenerative cells elicit their therapeutic benefit by paracrine mechanisms, leaving open extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a potential crux of the cell therapy paradigm. To test this idea, three types of gelatin methacrylate hydrogels were employed: SVF gels, EV gels derived from SVF, and blank control gels, which were used in-vitro …
Overcurrent Protection Schemes For Inverter-Based Islanded Microgrids, Talal Sati
Overcurrent Protection Schemes For Inverter-Based Islanded Microgrids, Talal Sati
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Integration of distributed generators (DGs) into distribution networks results in active distribution networks (ADNs) characterized by bidirectional power ow and can evolve into microgrids. Microgrids could host synchronous-based DGs (SBDGs) or inverter-interfaced DGs (IIDGs). These networks have many advantages, including power loss reduction, deferring network upgrades, and backup for the main grid. Despite these advantages, IIDGs have limited fault current contributions, adversely impacting the protection coordination.
This dissertation investigates the overcurrent protection challenges faced by inverter-based islanded microgrids (IBIM). The aim is to devise reliable overcurrent protection schemes for IBIM in the fundamental and harmonic domains taking advantage of the …
Role Of Microplastics On The Release And Adsorption Of Organic Compounds In Natural Waters, Ashton Collins
Role Of Microplastics On The Release And Adsorption Of Organic Compounds In Natural Waters, Ashton Collins
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Microplastics in the aquatic system are among the many inevitable consequences of plastic pollution, which has cascading environmental and public health impacts. The implications lead to the production of leachate comprised of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and increasing adsorption potential of organic compounds (OCs) onto the microplastic surfaces. In this study, the adsorption potential of organic pollutants and the formation of microplastic leachate from ultraviolet (UV) light were explored. The adsorption potential was created through a summarization and critical review of the literature on the adsorption of synthetic OCs by microplastics in aqueous environments since their emergence in 2008. A …
Low Cost And Reliable Wireless Sensor Networks For Environmental Monitoring, Sonia Naderi
Low Cost And Reliable Wireless Sensor Networks For Environmental Monitoring, Sonia Naderi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This thesis utilizes wireless sensor network systems to learn of changes in wireless network performance and environment, establishing power efficient systems that are low cost and are able to perform large scale monitoring. The proposed system was built at the University of Maine’s Wireless Sensor Networks (WiSe-Net) laboratory in collaboration with University of New Hampshire and University of Vermont researchers. The system was configured to perform soil moisture measurement with provision to include other sensor types at later stages in collaboration with Alabama A & M University. In the research associated with this thesis, a general relay energy assisted scenario …
Micro-Particle Entrainment From Density Mismatching Mixture By Dip Coating Process, S M Abu Naser Shovon
Micro-Particle Entrainment From Density Mismatching Mixture By Dip Coating Process, S M Abu Naser Shovon
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Solid particle transfer is a vital process for many applications such as painting, coating, materials joining, meta-surface, bio-medical applications etc. Different solid transfer techniques including welding, spray coating, roll coating etc. are available for delivering solid particles on simple structures. However, those techniques cannot effectively deliver particles to complex structures. In this thesis work, the research objective is to develop a high throughput and economical material transfer technique for complex architecture with low volumetric flux. In first part, the particle concentration of pseudo suspension was investigated in dip coating process from density mismatching mixture. The solid particles concentration was varied …
Wave And Tide Driven Nearshore Processes: Implications For Tidal Asymmetry And Coastal Protection, Samuel Rickerich
Wave And Tide Driven Nearshore Processes: Implications For Tidal Asymmetry And Coastal Protection, Samuel Rickerich
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The dynamics of the coastal ocean are driven by wind, buoyancy, tidal, and wave processes. In the context of the variability of the coastal ocean driven wave action, storm surge, and sea level rise, understanding interactions between physical processes and means to mitigate their effects is necessary. It is the goal of this study to extend the understanding of (i) wave and tidal hydrodynamics in coastal areas and (ii) explore adaptable coastal defense strategies for these environments. These goals are addressed through process-oriented hydrodynamic-wave simulations. As tides enter the coastal ocean, nonlinear interactions from bathymetry, friction, and variations in tidal …
Nutrient Removal From Recirculating Aquaculture System Water, Eliza M. Costigan
Nutrient Removal From Recirculating Aquaculture System Water, Eliza M. Costigan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS), where only approximately 10% of the total system water is exchanged per day, have grown in popularity in recent years due to their potential to provide a high-quality protein source in a contained environment. With increased production comes the need for RAS water treatment to mitigate recirculation and discharge of nutrients produced by fish; mainly phosphorus and nitrogen. When discharged, nutrients can contribute to eutrophication in surrounding water bodies, harming the fish and other aquatic life. Therefore, RAS effluent should be treated before discharge. One method of phosphorus removal is adsorption, a surface phenomenon that is …
Contact Dewatering Of Cellulose Nanofibers For Biopolymer Composite Applications, Alexander Collins
Contact Dewatering Of Cellulose Nanofibers For Biopolymer Composite Applications, Alexander Collins
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cellulose Nanofibrils (CNFs) are promising materials for reinforcement of polymer matrices attributable to their impressive physical and mechanical properties, as well as their biodegradability. However, the utilization of these materials in composites is made challenging by the water content of CNF slurries, the tendency of CNFs to agglomerate as they dry, and incompatibility between hydrophilic CNFs and hydrophobic polymer matrices. The most commercially viable drying methods to produce small-scale dry CNFs, such as spray drying, are very energy intensive, can only dry the materials down to micron-scale agglomerates, and do not preserve fibrillar aspect ratios. “Contact dewatering,” or the removal …
Biobased Packaging Materials From Cellulose Nanofibrils Produced From Virgin Wood Pulp Or Recycled Cardboard Pulp, Md Ikramul Hasan
Biobased Packaging Materials From Cellulose Nanofibrils Produced From Virgin Wood Pulp Or Recycled Cardboard Pulp, Md Ikramul Hasan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Self-standing cellulose nanofibril (CNF) films are regarded as one of the promising alternatives to current petroleum-based packaging materials. The mechanical and barrier properties of CNF films are not yet up to the mark for certain applications, especially at high relative humidity. Those properties of CNF films can be tuned by the drying methods of films, degree of fibrillation, cross-linking, and controlled shrinkage. A comprehensive understanding of these processes and their influence on the structure and properties of CNF films have been presented in this thesis.
First, we prepared CNF films from CNF suspensions with two different degrees of fibrillation- standard …
Multiscale Anisotropy Analysis Of Second-Harmonic Generation Imaging Of Pancreatic Cancer, Joshua D. Hamilton
Multiscale Anisotropy Analysis Of Second-Harmonic Generation Imaging Of Pancreatic Cancer, Joshua D. Hamilton
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Despite recent advancements in biomedicine, cancer is still the second leading cause of death in the United States. Early detection of cancer is critical to improving patient care, but there are risks of over screening caused by the need for surgical biopsies in many cancers for final diagnostics. Recent advancements in computer aided diagnostics for breast cancer screening has reduced the need for biopsies and resulted in earlier diagnoses which has lowered the mortality rate from breast cancer within the past two decades. Developing new computer aided diagnostic tools that can be applied to a vast majority of cancers would …
Generalizing The Negative Binomial-Lindley Model For Accounting Subpopulation Heterogeneity In Crash Data Analysis, A S M Mohaiminul Islam
Generalizing The Negative Binomial-Lindley Model For Accounting Subpopulation Heterogeneity In Crash Data Analysis, A S M Mohaiminul Islam
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Crash data are often highly dispersed; it may also include a large amount of zero observations or have a long tail. The traditional Negative Binomial (NB) model cannot model these data properly. To overcome this issue, the Negative Binomial-Lindley (NB-L) model has been proposed as an alternative to the NB to analyze data with these characteristics. Research studies have shown that the NB-L model provides a superior performance compared to the NB when data include numerous zero observations or have a long tail. In addition, crash data are often collected from sites with different spatial or temporal characteristics. Therefore, it …
Using Shg Directionality To Characterize Collagen Alteration In Breast Cancer Tumor Microenvironment And Its Prognostic Applications, Betelhem Solomon Abay
Using Shg Directionality To Characterize Collagen Alteration In Breast Cancer Tumor Microenvironment And Its Prognostic Applications, Betelhem Solomon Abay
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Although breast cancer is a growing health concern worldwide, the challenge to minimize mortality rate partly comes from the heterogeneity in its pathological characteristics. The tumor microenvironment is a complex hub of signaling cascades that plays a key role for the progression of cancer to develop to metastatic stage. The extracellular matrix (ECM), as a major component of the tumor microenvironment, contains signatures that have cues to understand tumor progression. Here, the unique microstructural collagen alterations specific to reactive stromal/tumor cell interactions and interactions of reactive stromal fibroblasts with different tumor cell types MCF7A and MDA-MB-231 were investigated. Early alterations …
Numerical Modeling Of Localized Heating In Continuous Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Laminates, James T. Gayton
Numerical Modeling Of Localized Heating In Continuous Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Laminates, James T. Gayton
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The manufacturing of continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic (CFRTP) laminates requires the application of heat and pressure. Standard CFRTP manufacturing methods like thermoforming take a global approach to manufacturing, where the whole part is heated and undergoes a forming process. There is an opportunity to develop advanced manufacturing methods based on localized heating and deformations of consolidated stock. This thesis provides a localized heating method via networks of resistive heating elements embedded within the laminate and a means to evaluate that method.
Typical heating methods for CFRTP laminates include infrared and convective ovens or surface contact heaters. They have the same drawbacks …