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Articles 1 - 30 of 247
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Engineering Assessment Development Report: Ahelo Feasibility Study, Jacob Pearce, Julian Fraillon, Hamish Coates, Sarah Richardson
Engineering Assessment Development Report: Ahelo Feasibility Study, Jacob Pearce, Julian Fraillon, Hamish Coates, Sarah Richardson
Julian Fraillon
No abstract provided.
Removal Of Heavy Metals From Mining Impacted Water By An Electrocoagulation-Ultrafiltration Hybrid Process, Long Nghiem, Duminda Kumarasinghe, Liam Pettigrew
Removal Of Heavy Metals From Mining Impacted Water By An Electrocoagulation-Ultrafiltration Hybrid Process, Long Nghiem, Duminda Kumarasinghe, Liam Pettigrew
Long D Nghiem
In this study, the use of an electrocoagulation-ultrafiltration (EC-UF) hybrid system for the treatment of mining impacted wastewater was investigated. A model wastewater solution containing copper, lead, cadmium and other constituents representative of mining impacted wastewater was used in this investigation. The effects of key operational parameters including electrolysis time, current density, and solution pH on the performance of the EC and EC-UF systems were systematically investigated. The removal rates of copper and lead by the EC process were consistently higher than that of cadmium. It is probable that the removal mechanism of cadmium was different from that of the …
Nf/Ro Filtration Of The Hydrophobic Ionogenic Com#163 Triclosan: Transport Mechanisms And The Influence Of Membrane Fouling, Long Nghiem, Poppy Coleman
Nf/Ro Filtration Of The Hydrophobic Ionogenic Com#163 Triclosan: Transport Mechanisms And The Influence Of Membrane Fouling, Long Nghiem, Poppy Coleman
Long D Nghiem
Filtration phenomena of the hydrophobic ionogenic compound triclosan by three commercially availablenanofiltration (NF)/reverse osmosis (RO) membranes were investigated in this study. The separationbehaviour of triclosan was systematically related to the compound physicochemical properties and themembranes as well as the solution pH. The influence of membrane fouling on the rejection of triclosanby the three selected NF/RO membranes were also examined using three model organic foulants and onemodel colloidal foulants. Having a unique hydrophobic ionogenic profile, even when triclosan was fullydeprotonated at pH 10, considerable adsorption of the compound to the membrane could still be observed.The adsorption of triclosan to the membrane …
Effects Of Membrane Degradation On The Removal Of Pharmaceutically Active Com#163s (Phacs) By Nf/Ro Filtration Processes, Alexander Simon, Long Nghiem, Pierre Le-Clech, Stuart J. Khan, Jorg E. Drewes
Effects Of Membrane Degradation On The Removal Of Pharmaceutically Active Com#163s (Phacs) By Nf/Ro Filtration Processes, Alexander Simon, Long Nghiem, Pierre Le-Clech, Stuart J. Khan, Jorg E. Drewes
Long D Nghiem
The impacts of membrane degradation due to chlorine attack on the rejection of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) by nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes were investigated in this study. Membrane degradation was simulated by soaking the membranes in a sodium hypochlorite solution of various concentrations over 18 h. Changes in membrane surface properties were characterised by contact angle measurement, atomic force microscopy analysis, and streaming potential measurement. The impacts of hypochlorite exposure to the membrane separation processes were ascertained by comparing the rejection of PhACs by virgin and chlorine-exposed membranes. Overall, the reverse osmosis BW30 membrane and the tight nanofiltration NF90 …
Removal Of Trace Organics By Mbr Treatment: The Role Of Molecular Properties, Nichanan Tadkaew, Faisal Hai, James Mcdonald, Stuart J. Khan, Long Nghiem
Removal Of Trace Organics By Mbr Treatment: The Role Of Molecular Properties, Nichanan Tadkaew, Faisal Hai, James Mcdonald, Stuart J. Khan, Long Nghiem
Long D Nghiem
This study examined the relationship between specific molecular features of trace organic contaminants and their removal efficiencies by a laboratory scale membrane bioreactor (MBR). Removal efficiencies of 40 trace organic compounds were assessed under stable operating conditions. The reported results demonstrate an apparent correlation between chemical structures and the removal of trace organic contaminants by the laboratory scale MBR system. The removal of all 14 very hydrophobic (Log D > 3.2) trace organic compounds selected in this study was consistently high and was above 85%. The occurrence and types of electron withdrawing or donating functional groups appear to be important factors …
Pollution Prevention: The Case Of Aqueous Parts Cleaning In Maintenance Workshops, Liam Pettigrew, Long Nghiem
Pollution Prevention: The Case Of Aqueous Parts Cleaning In Maintenance Workshops, Liam Pettigrew, Long Nghiem
Long D Nghiem
Pollution prevention has recently surfaced as one of the most commonly used preventive environmental management practices. Pollution prevention aims at reducing or eliminating the creation of pollutants at the source by substituting or using less hazardous materials and increase efficiency. However, one particular area that to date has received very little attention is the generation of hazardous wastes from parts cleaning devices in maintenance workshops. Given the detrimental effects of the solvent often used in parts cleaning, it is essential to encourage maintenance workshops to adapt pollution prevention. A promising alternative is the substitution of solvent by aqueous cleaning solution, …
Pharmaceutical Retention Mechanisms By Nanofiltration Membranes, Long Nghiem, Andrea Schaefer, Menachem Elimelech
Pharmaceutical Retention Mechanisms By Nanofiltration Membranes, Long Nghiem, Andrea Schaefer, Menachem Elimelech
Long D Nghiem
No abstract provided.
Effects Of Feed Solution Characteristics On The Rejection Of N-Nitrosamines By Reverse Osmosis Membranes, Takahiro Fujioka, Long Nghiem, Stuart Khan, James Mcdonald, Yvan Poussade, Jorg Drewes
Effects Of Feed Solution Characteristics On The Rejection Of N-Nitrosamines By Reverse Osmosis Membranes, Takahiro Fujioka, Long Nghiem, Stuart Khan, James Mcdonald, Yvan Poussade, Jorg Drewes
Long D Nghiem
The rejection of eight N-nitrosamines was investigated in this laboratory-scale study, focusing on the influence of feed solution characteristics on their separation by low pressure reverse osmosis membranes. The rejection mechanisms of N-nitrosamines were first examined using one nanofiltration (NF90) and two reverse osmosis (TFC-HR and SWC5) membranes. The TFC-HR membrane was used to investigate the effects of feed solution characteristics. The rejection of a particular N-nitrosamine was generally membrane dependent and increased in the order of NF (NF90), low pressure RO (TFC-HR) and seawater RO (SWC5) membranes. In general, the rejection of N-nitrosamines by a given membrane also increased …
Greywater Recycling By Direct Ultrafiltration: Understanding Fouling, Long Nghiem, Nadine Oschmann, Andrea Schaefer
Greywater Recycling By Direct Ultrafiltration: Understanding Fouling, Long Nghiem, Nadine Oschmann, Andrea Schaefer
Long D Nghiem
Greywater is no doubt a valuable resource that can be used to alleviate water shortage and increase water conservation in individual households. It is particularly important for arid and semiarid regions like Australia. Treated greywater can also be used for many activities within the household such as toilet flushing, garden watering, car washing, or pavement cleansing. This study examines the fouling behaviour of submerged ultrafiltration membranes in greywater recycling under concentration variation of common greywater constituents. The results indicate that the use of ultrafiltration directly for greywater recycling in individual households is promising. As expected, increase in particulate matter concentration …
Roadside Rest Area Wastewater Treatment System: Performance Evaluation And Improvement, Adam Kiss, Faisal Hai, Long Nghiem
Roadside Rest Area Wastewater Treatment System: Performance Evaluation And Improvement, Adam Kiss, Faisal Hai, Long Nghiem
Long D Nghiem
The performance of a decentralised sewage treatment plant located at a rest area servicing a major freeway was investigated. Long term monitoring and rigorous analyses undertaken in this study revealed several unique and challenging issues associated with such scarcely studied systems. Data collected over a six month period showed that the raw wastewater strength was well above typical household wastewater characteristics, with the average BOD5, COD, TOC, TN and TP values of 880, 4900, 350, 238 and 8 mg/L, respectively. The system performance was considerably lower than that expected of a typical wastewater treatment unit. Several shortcomings in …
Influence Of Feed Water Chemistry On The Removal Of Ionisable And Neutral Trace Organics By A Loose Nanofiltration Membrane, Long Nghiem
Long D Nghiem
This study examined the effects of feed water chemistry and membrane fouling on the rejection of trace organics by a loose nanofiltration membrane. One ionisable and one non-ionisable trace organics were selected for investigation. Results reported here indicate that the solution pH and ionic strength can markedly influence the removal of the ionisable trace organic compound sulfamethoxazole. These observations were explained by electrostatic interactions between the solutes and the membrane surface and by the speciation of the ionisable compound. On the other hand, no appreciable effects of solution pH and ionic strength on the rejection of the neutral compound carbamazepine …
Removal Of Trace Organic Contaminants By Submerged Membrane Bioreactors, Long Nghiem, Nichanan Tadkaew, Muttucumaru Sivakumar
Removal Of Trace Organic Contaminants By Submerged Membrane Bioreactors, Long Nghiem, Nichanan Tadkaew, Muttucumaru Sivakumar
Long D Nghiem
Laboratory scale experiments were conducted to investigate the removal mechanisms of trace organic contaminants using a submerged MBR system. The system was equipped with a Zeenon ZW-1 membrane module. Bisphenol A (BPA) and sulfamethoxazole were selected as model trace organics for the EDCs and PhACs, respectively. Results obtained from this study demonstrate an excellent performance of MBRs regarding basic water quality parameters such as turbidity, TOC and TN. However, removal efficiency of specific trace organic contaminants was found strongly dependent on their physicochemical properties. Approximately 90% removal of BPA was recorded, while under the same condition, the removal efficiency of …
Effects Of Membrane Fouling On The Nanofiltration Of Pharmaceutically Active Com#163s (Phacs): Mechanisms And Role Of Membrane Pore Size, Long Nghiem, Simon Hawkes
Effects Of Membrane Fouling On The Nanofiltration Of Pharmaceutically Active Com#163s (Phacs): Mechanisms And Role Of Membrane Pore Size, Long Nghiem, Simon Hawkes
Long D Nghiem
The influence of membrane fouling on the retention of pharmaceutically active com#163s (PhACs) by three nanofiltration membranes wasinvestigated in this study. Membrane fouling was achieved with a foulant cocktail containing model organic foulant in a background electrolytesolution. The effects of membrane fouling on the separation processwas delineated by comparing the retention values of clean and fouled membranesand relate them to the membrane properties as well as physicochemical characteristics of the PhACs. Fouling was more severe for the larger poresize TFC-SR2 and NF 270 membranes as compared to the smaller pore size NF 90 membrane. More importantly, the influence of membranefouling …
Implications Of Membrane Fouling Toward The Removal Of The Pharmaceutical Sulfamethoxazole By Nanofiltration Processes, Alexander Simon, William Price, Long Nghiem
Implications Of Membrane Fouling Toward The Removal Of The Pharmaceutical Sulfamethoxazole By Nanofiltration Processes, Alexander Simon, William Price, Long Nghiem
Long D Nghiem
The influence of membrane fouling on the retention of the trace organic contaminant sulfamethoxazole by a nanofiltration (NF) process was investigated. Organic fouling caused a severe flux decline possibly due to pore blocking and adsorption directly after the commencement of the fouling layer development. Such membrane-foulant interactions were absent for colloidal fouling, which resulted in a more gradual flux decline. Membrane charge played a significant role in the separation process of inorganic salts, where the retention was the highest in a caustic environment (high pH) due to more swollen membrane material caused by the higher negative charge on the membrane. …
Aqueous Cleaning Of Manufactured Parts/Components: Establishing The Role Of Solution Quality, Liam Pettigrew, Long Nghiem
Aqueous Cleaning Of Manufactured Parts/Components: Establishing The Role Of Solution Quality, Liam Pettigrew, Long Nghiem
Long D Nghiem
Parts cleaning has gradually replaced solvent based cleaning during the manufacturing of parts and in maintenance workshop as a much more sustainable and cost benefit technology. In this study, the performance of aqueous parts cleaning was evaluated using two industrial parts cleaning systems. One system was equipped with a microfilter and oil skimmer to prolong the cleaning solution lifetime and the other was a generic parts cleaning system, which was not equipped with any contaminant control devices. It appears that aqueous parts cleaning could offer a high degree of cleanliness suitable for most typical maintenance workshops. However, the cleaning equipment …
Metallic Ion Extraction Using Polymer Inclusion Membranes (Pims): Optimising Physical Strength And Extraction Rate, Chris Lukey, Long Nghiem, Joel Peterson, Alex Upitis
Metallic Ion Extraction Using Polymer Inclusion Membranes (Pims): Optimising Physical Strength And Extraction Rate, Chris Lukey, Long Nghiem, Joel Peterson, Alex Upitis
Long D Nghiem
This study investigated both extraction performance and physical properties of a novel type of facilitated transport membrane known as polymer inclusion membrane (PIM). Five different types of poly(vinyl chloride) representing a wide range of viscosity and average molecular weights were used as the base polymer and Aliquat 336 was used as the carrier. Physical properties including membrane hydrophobicity and tensile strength were measured and systematically correlated against the fraction of PVC and Aliquat 336 in the PIMs. Selective extraction between Cd(II) and Cu(II) of the membranes from aqueous solution was then investigated. Results reported in this study indicate that tensile …
Fouling Autopsy Of Hollow-Fibre Mf Membranes In Wastewater Reclamation, Long Nghiem, Andrea Schafer
Fouling Autopsy Of Hollow-Fibre Mf Membranes In Wastewater Reclamation, Long Nghiem, Andrea Schafer
Long D Nghiem
No abstract provided.
Bisphenol A Retention In The Direct Ultrafiltration Of Greywater, Long Nghiem, Andrea Schaefer, Nadine Oschmann
Bisphenol A Retention In The Direct Ultrafiltration Of Greywater, Long Nghiem, Andrea Schaefer, Nadine Oschmann
Long D Nghiem
Decentralised treatment is an increasing trend in the attempts to manage water more wisely in light of water restrictions, overconsumption and drought. Greywater is a fraction of household wastewater that offers the potential to be treated locally to be reused for garden irrigation, car washing and toilet flushing. In this paper the performance of submerged and direct ultrafiltration (UF) of synthetic greywater is investigated with regards to organic trace contaminant, namely Bisphenol A (BPA), and fouling. The synthetic greywater solution consisted of inorganic particulates (kaolin), organic fibres (cellulose), protein (casein), surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulphate, SDS), humic acid (HA), calcium, sodium …
Treatment Of Coal Seam Gas Produced Water For Beneficial Use In Australia: A Review Of Best Practices, Long Nghiem, Ting Ren, Najdat Aziz, Ian Porter, Gyanendra Regmi
Treatment Of Coal Seam Gas Produced Water For Beneficial Use In Australia: A Review Of Best Practices, Long Nghiem, Ting Ren, Najdat Aziz, Ian Porter, Gyanendra Regmi
Long D Nghiem
There has been an exponential increase in both the production and exploration of coal seam gas (CSG) in Australia and many other regions in the world. A major issue associated with the production of CSG is the management of produced water. CSG is usually mixed with water in the coal seam, to recover the gas, the water must be first extracted from the coal seam to reduce pressure. This water — known as co-produced water or CSG water — is typically quite saline, large in volume and may contain heavy metals and other trace elements of concern. The management of …
Selective Extraction Of Cadmium By Polymer Inclusion Membranes Containing Pvc And Aliquat 336: Role-Base Polymer And Extractant, Joel Peterson, Long Nghiem
Selective Extraction Of Cadmium By Polymer Inclusion Membranes Containing Pvc And Aliquat 336: Role-Base Polymer And Extractant, Joel Peterson, Long Nghiem
Long D Nghiem
PVC/Aliquat 336 Polymer Inclusion Membranes (PIMs) synthesised in this study showed excellent extraction selectivity of Cd2+ over Cu2+. This could be explained by examining the extraction mechanisms of metal cations involving Aliquat 336 and the speciation of such metals in a chloride matrix, which was used in the extraction experiments. There was a good correlation between the content of Aliquat 336 in the membrane and the extraction rate. In addition, results reported here also confirm that variation Molecular Weight (MW) of the base polymer PVC did not exert any discernible influence on the extraction performance of the membranes.
Effective Remediation Of Groundwater In Acid Sulphate Soil Terrain, Gyanendra Regmi, Buddhima Indraratna, Long Nghiem
Effective Remediation Of Groundwater In Acid Sulphate Soil Terrain, Gyanendra Regmi, Buddhima Indraratna, Long Nghiem
Long D Nghiem
Acidic groundwater, generated from acid sulphate soil (ASS) is a major geo-environmental problem in Australia. Manipulation of groundwater through the use of weirs and gates in the nearby creeks and drains of ASS, which is being practised right now for preventing pyrite oxidation, are not effective in low land floodplains due to the risk of flooding. The application of permeable reactive barrier (PRB) can be a novel alternative for remediation of acidic groundwater in such floodplains. Laboratory column experiments were carried out prior to installation of the PRB for examining the efficiency of the material. Results of these experiments have …
Critical Risk Points Of Nf/Ro Membrane Filtration Processes In Water Recycling Applications, Long Nghiem, Andrea Schaefer
Critical Risk Points Of Nf/Ro Membrane Filtration Processes In Water Recycling Applications, Long Nghiem, Andrea Schaefer
Long D Nghiem
NF/RO membrane filtration processes have been recognized as an important technology to facilitate water recycling. Those processes are well-proven technologies, which can be used to remove a wide range of contaminants including trace contaminants that are of particular concern in water recycling. However, risk implications in association with brine or concentrate and membrane cleaning wastewater disposal have to date not been adequately understood. This study examines the adsorption and release process of several endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during NF/RO filtration processes. Results reported here indicate that the membrane can serve as a large reservoir for EDCs and their release may be …
Nanofiltration Of Hormone Mimicking Trace Organic Contaminants, Long Nghiem, Andrea Schaefer, Menachem Elimelech
Nanofiltration Of Hormone Mimicking Trace Organic Contaminants, Long Nghiem, Andrea Schaefer, Menachem Elimelech
Long D Nghiem
No abstract provided.
Characterising Humic Acid Fouling Of Nanofiltration Membranes Using Bisphenol A As A Molecular Indicator, Long Nghiem, Dirk Vogel, Stuart Khan
Characterising Humic Acid Fouling Of Nanofiltration Membranes Using Bisphenol A As A Molecular Indicator, Long Nghiem, Dirk Vogel, Stuart Khan
Long D Nghiem
Fouling of nanofiltration (NF) membranes by humic acids was investigated using bisphenolA (BPA) as an indicator chemical to differentiate between various mechanisms that maylead to a change in solute rejection. Three commercially available NF membranes wereinvestigated and an accelerated fouling condition was achieved with a foulant mixturecontaining humic acids in an electrolyte matrix. The effects of membrane fouling on therejection of BPA were interpreted with respect to the membrane pore sizes and the foulingcharacteristics. Results reported here indicate that calcium concentration in the feed solutioncould be a major factor governing the humic acid fouling process. Moreover, a criticalconcentration of calcium …
Removal Of The Antibacterial Agent Triclosan In Greywater Recycling Using Nanofiltration, Long Nghiem, Poppy Coleman
Removal Of The Antibacterial Agent Triclosan In Greywater Recycling Using Nanofiltration, Long Nghiem, Poppy Coleman
Long D Nghiem
No abstract provided.
A Scaling Mitigation Approach During Direct Contact Membrane Distillation, Long Nghiem, Tzahi Cath
A Scaling Mitigation Approach During Direct Contact Membrane Distillation, Long Nghiem, Tzahi Cath
Long D Nghiem
Membrane scaling during the treatment of aqueous solutions containing sparingly soluble salts by direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) was investigated. The results reveal that membrane scaling caused by CaSO4 was more severe than that by CaCO3 or silicate. However, under the experimental condition used in this study and at feed and distillate temperature of 20 °C and 40 °C, respectively, CaSO4 scaling occurred only after a sufficiently long induction time of up to 25 h (corresponding to a saturation index of up to 1.5). The induction period decreased and the size of the CaSO4 crystals increased as the feed temperature …
Fouling Mechanisms Of Submerged Ultrafiltration Membranes In Greywater Recycling, Long Nghiem, Andrea Schaefer, Nadine Oschmann
Fouling Mechanisms Of Submerged Ultrafiltration Membranes In Greywater Recycling, Long Nghiem, Andrea Schaefer, Nadine Oschmann
Long D Nghiem
No abstract provided.
Removal Of Heavy Metals Form Mining Impacted Water By A Novel Electrocoagulation-Ultrafiltration Hybrid Process, Liam Pettigrew, Long Nghiem, Muttucumaru Sivakumar
Removal Of Heavy Metals Form Mining Impacted Water By A Novel Electrocoagulation-Ultrafiltration Hybrid Process, Liam Pettigrew, Long Nghiem, Muttucumaru Sivakumar
Long D Nghiem
No abstract provided.
Influence Of Organic And Colloidal Fouling On The Removal Of Sulfamethoxazole By Nanofiltration Membranes, Long Nghiem, Christiane Espendiller, Gerd Braun
Influence Of Organic And Colloidal Fouling On The Removal Of Sulfamethoxazole By Nanofiltration Membranes, Long Nghiem, Christiane Espendiller, Gerd Braun
Long D Nghiem
This study investigated the effects of organic and colloidal fouling on the removal of a representative micropollutant sulfamethoxazole by two commercially available NF membranes. Alginate, bovine serum albumin, and colloidal silica were selected as model foulants to simulate hydrophilic and hydrophobic organic fractions, and colloidal matter that are often found in treated effluent and surface water. Membrane fouling was related to the membrane and foulant characteristics and subsequently the separation behaviour of the micropollutant sulfamethoxazole under different solution pH. On the basis of these results, it was confirmed that membrane fouling is strongly dependent on both the foulant and membrane …
Trace Organic Removal By Nanofiltration And Reverse Osmosis Processes, Long Nghiem
Trace Organic Removal By Nanofiltration And Reverse Osmosis Processes, Long Nghiem
Long D Nghiem
This monograph delineates the retention mechanisms of emerging trace organic contaminants by several nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis membranes. Retention of neutral trace organics by a tight NF or RO membrane is dominated by steric (size) exclusion, whereas both electrostatic repulsion and steric exclusion govern the retention of negatively charged trace organics by a loose NF membrane. Speciation of trace organics may lead to a dramatic change in retention as a function of pH, with much greater retention observed for ionized, negatively charged trace organics. Retention of the negatively charged trace organics decreases as the solution?s ionic strength increases due …