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- CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018) (56)
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Articles 1 - 30 of 99
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Optimation Model Of Planning Investment Dockyard With Approach Multi Objective Goal Programming, Ali Azhar
Optimation Model Of Planning Investment Dockyard With Approach Multi Objective Goal Programming, Ali Azhar
Makara Journal of Technology
Optimation model of planning investment dockyard with approach multi objective goal programming. The purpose of this research is to determine decision variable, goal function, alternative priority and achievement function in investment planning. From this optimation component, the model of ship yard investment planning could be achieved. The model of developed model in this research was the optimation of ship yard investment planning using multi objective goal programming approach. The model consist of 5 decision variable, 11 goal function, 2 alternative priority and 11 achievement functions. The model implementation was done toward PT ASSI investment planning. The calculation using from Quantitative …
The Use Of 2d Plastic Grating For Surface Profile And Dimension Manufacture Product Measurements By Using Ndt Moiré Technique, Retno Wigajatri P., Dini Andiani
The Use Of 2d Plastic Grating For Surface Profile And Dimension Manufacture Product Measurements By Using Ndt Moiré Technique, Retno Wigajatri P., Dini Andiani
Makara Journal of Technology
The Use of 2D Plastic Grating for Surface Profile and Dimension Manufacture Product Measurements by Using NDT Moiré Technique. Research of measuring the shape and dimension of object using the moiré technique have been done. Measurement have been made by observing the moiré space as a result of interaction between grating and its shadow casted on the object’s surface caused by the projector lamp with CCD camera. The acquired data was further processed by way of off-line. By successive phase shifts that is π/2, π dan 3π/2 towards the table tennis ball at the distance of 48 cm from the …
Emission Gas Reducer On Motor Vehicle, Automobile, Light Engine Of Boat And Stationary Combustion Engine., I Gusti Bagus Wijaya Kusuma
Emission Gas Reducer On Motor Vehicle, Automobile, Light Engine Of Boat And Stationary Combustion Engine., I Gusti Bagus Wijaya Kusuma
Makara Journal of Technology
Emission gas reducer on motor vehicle, automobile, light engine of boat and stationary combustion engine. The use of motor vehicle should be followed by protection against damages on the environment, since the exhaust gas from combustion engine has significantly affect on air and environmental pollution. One method to solve the problems in air pollution has been done by using a re-heater designed in Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Udayana. In accordance to the test on the re-heater, it can be seen very clear that the re-heater has significantly reduce the CO emission of about 54%. It also reduces the CO2 …
Application Of Remote Sensing For Mapping Soil Organic Matter Content, Bangun Muljo Sukojo, Wahono Wahono
Application Of Remote Sensing For Mapping Soil Organic Matter Content, Bangun Muljo Sukojo, Wahono Wahono
Makara Journal of Technology
Application of Remote Sensing for Mapping Soil Organic Matter Content. Information organic content is important in monitoring and managing the environment as well as doing agricultural production activities. This research tried to map soil organic content in Malang using remote sensing technology. The research uses 6 bands of data captured by Landsat TM (Thematic Mapper) satellite (band 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7). The research focuses on pixels having Normalized Difference Soil Index (NDSI) more than 0.3. Ground-truth data were collected by analysing organic content of soil samples using Black-Walkey method. The result of analysis shows that digital number of …
Iodat Analysis Content In Cooking Ingredients Using Iodometry And X-Ray Fluorescence Methods., Nelson Saksono
Iodat Analysis Content In Cooking Ingredients Using Iodometry And X-Ray Fluorescence Methods., Nelson Saksono
Makara Journal of Technology
Iodat Analysis Content in Cooking Ingredients Using Iodometry and X-ray Fluorescence Methods. Salt iodization program using iodine fortification into salt method is the best method that is effective and economical to overcome the problems caused by iodine deficiency. However in, its development there are some issues clamed that the use of iodized salt is ineffective since iodine content reduces, even disappear when the salt mix with other cooking ingredients. In order to investigated the existence of iodine in cooking ingredients, a research applying iodometry and X-ray fluorescence methods was carry out. The result obtained by iodometry method showed decreases in …
Self-Ignition Properties Of Peat, Palm Shell Fibre And Woods, Yulianto Sulistyo Nugroho
Self-Ignition Properties Of Peat, Palm Shell Fibre And Woods, Yulianto Sulistyo Nugroho
Makara Journal of Technology
Self-ignition properties of peat, palm shell fibre and woods. Forest fire is one of the greatest environmental problems faced by Indonesia. Forest fires have destroyed million hectares of forest and land which cause economic loss, social problems including smoke related diseases and environmental disaster with long time consequences. The exothermic reactions of forest fuels that lead to fire can be initiated by a piloted flame and low-temperature oxidation mechanism. This paper presents the results of low temperature oxidation studies using forests fuel samples i.e. palm shell fibre, peat, woods and low-rank coal. The measured values of the critical oven temperatures …
Interactive Learning Tools: Animating Statics, Nancy Hubing, David B. Oglesby, Timothy A. Philpot, Vikas Yellamraju, Richard H. Hall, Ralph E. Flori
Interactive Learning Tools: Animating Statics, Nancy Hubing, David B. Oglesby, Timothy A. Philpot, Vikas Yellamraju, Richard H. Hall, Ralph E. Flori
Business and Information Technology Faculty Research & Creative Works
Computer-Based Modules for Engineering Instruction Must Be Concise, Flexible, Educational and Engaging in Order to Effectively Supplement Traditional Classroom Teaching Tools. a Computer Example that Takes More Time Than a Chalkboard Presentation is Not Likely to Be Useful in Today's Engineering Classroom. Flexible Navigation is Necessary So that the Instructor Can Quickly and Easily Respond to Student Questions. Useful Modules Must Also Improve Problem-Solving Skills or Clarify Troublesome Concepts in Order to Be Considered Worthy of Inclusion in the Limited Class Time Available. Finally, and Perhaps Most Importantly, Effective Computer-Based Modules Must Meet the Challenge of Holding the Student's Attention. …
Analysis Of Sheathed Cold-Formed Steel Wall Studs, Benjamin W. Schafer, Badri Hiriyur
Analysis Of Sheathed Cold-Formed Steel Wall Studs, Benjamin W. Schafer, Badri Hiriyur
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The strength of sheathed wall systems is substantially greater than unsheathed walls with the same studs. Testing on studs sheathed on both sides with dry gypsum board demonstrate strength increases as large as 70% over unsheathed studs (Miller and Pekoz 1993, Miller and Pekoz 1994). The current AISI Specification for sheathed wall stud systems are complicated, only apply when the sheathing is identical on both sides, have several onerous prescriptive requirements, and the mechanical model employed has been questioned when compared to experimental results. This paper summarizes the deficiencies of, and arguments against, current models and suggests avenues of research …
Experimental Investigation Of Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Rhs Columns, Ben Young, Yahua Liu
Experimental Investigation Of Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Rhs Columns, Ben Young, Yahua Liu
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The paper describes an experimental investigation into the column strengths of cold-formed stainless steel rectangular hollow sections (RHS). A series of tests consisting of four cross-section sizes was compressed between fixed ends. The tests were performed over a range of column lengths, such that column curves were obtained for each series of tests. The failure modes of the columns involved local buckling, overall flexural buckling and interaction of local and overall buckling. The test strengths are compared with the design strengths predicted using the American, Australian/New Zealand and European specifications for cold-formed stainless steel structures. The design strengths were calculated …
Structural Behaviour Of Self-Piercing Riveted Connections In Steel Framed Housing, Stephen Moss, Mahen Mahendran
Structural Behaviour Of Self-Piercing Riveted Connections In Steel Framed Housing, Stephen Moss, Mahen Mahendran
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Self-piercing riveting involves the joining of two or more plates by using a rivet to pierce and clinch in a single operation. There is a distinct lack of information regarding the use of self-piercing riveted connections in cold-formed steel frames. Experimental research is being undertaken to investigate the structural behaviour of self-piercing riveted connections used in steel framed housing. To date, testing has been carried out on 0.75 mm to 1.15 mm G300 steels to determine the primary failure modes for self-piercing riveted connections and also to assess the applicability of standard single point lap shear tests to actual house …
Axial Strength Of Purlins Attached To Standing Seam Roof Panels, John A. Stolarczyk, James M. Fisher, Al Ghorbanpoor
Axial Strength Of Purlins Attached To Standing Seam Roof Panels, John A. Stolarczyk, James M. Fisher, Al Ghorbanpoor
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The purpose of this research was to determine the axial load capacity of Z-purlins with one flange attached to a standing seam roof system. The axial load capacity was determined by developing a relationship between the flexural uplift buckling strength and the axial buckling strength in the Z-purlin. This relationship was investigated using finite element models and by conducting a parametric study. At the conclusion of the parametric study, confirmatory tests were conducted to verify the finite element results. A relationship has been provided that relates the axial buckling strength in the Z-purlin to the flexural uplift buckling strength. This …
Design Provisions For Sections Containing Unstiffened Elements Under Stress Gradients, M. R. Bambach, Kim J. R. Rasmussen
Design Provisions For Sections Containing Unstiffened Elements Under Stress Gradients, M. R. Bambach, Kim J. R. Rasmussen
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Current American design provisions treat unstiffened elements under stress gradients as if they were uniformly compressed for effective width calculations. This paper presents a design method for calculating the effective width of these elements, based on plate test results. Current international codes allow the capacity of sections that contain unstiffened elements under stress gradients to be calculated on the basis of initiation of yielding in the section. A non-iterative method for the calculation of the capacity, based on inelastic reserve capacity, is presented. The method is shown to be in good agreement with experimental data of I-sections and plain channels …
Gbt-Based Distortional Buckling Formulae For Thin-Walled Channel Columns And Beams, Nuno Silvestre, Dinar Camotim
Gbt-Based Distortional Buckling Formulae For Thin-Walled Channel Columns And Beams, Nuno Silvestre, Dinar Camotim
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
After a brief outline of the Generalized Beam Theory (GBT) fundamentals and linear stability analysis procedure, the main concepts and steps involved in the derivation of GBT -based fully analytical formulae are described and discussed. Such formulae provide distortional bifurcation stress estimates in cold-formed steel channel columns and beams with arbitrary sloping single-lip edge stiffeners and pinned/free-to-warp or fixed/warping-free end sections. The application of the proposed formulae is illustrated in detail and, in order to assess their accuracy and validity, results concerning several specific channel columns and beams are presented. In particular, the GBT-based analytical estimates are compared with exact …
Post-Buckling Analysis Of Light Gauge Members Using Finite Strips, J. Rhodes
Post-Buckling Analysis Of Light Gauge Members Using Finite Strips, J. Rhodes
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The development of an analysis technique for the behaviour of light gauge structural members is outlined. The analysis described is a form of finite strip approach in which the out-of-plane displacements are considered using plate theory and the in-plane displacements are considered using beam theory. Several different strip formulations are described, and the relative applicability of each formulation to buckling and post-buckling analysis is discussed. With regard to post-buckling analysis the relatively simple "lower bound approach" is discussed and compared to more complex analysis methods.
Stiffened Elements With Multiple Intermediate Stiffeners And Edge Stiffened Elements With Intermediate Stiffeners, Benjamin W. Schafer
Stiffened Elements With Multiple Intermediate Stiffeners And Edge Stiffened Elements With Intermediate Stiffeners, Benjamin W. Schafer
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Section B5 of the AISI Specification, covering stiffened elements with multiple intermediate stiffeners and edge stiffened elements with intermediate stiffeners, has been entirely replaced in the latest edition of the Cold-Formed Steel Specification (NAS 2001). The new design rules are based primarily on the work of Schafer and Pekoz (1998); however, subsequent to that work and prior to adoption by AISI, additional work was also completed. For elements with multiple intermediate stiffeners consideration of weblflange interaction was added. The resulting expressions are shown to agree well with both experimental and numerical data. New provisions for edge stiffened elements with intermediate …
Calibrations Of Bolted Cold-Formed Steel Connections In Bearing (With And Without Washers), Roger A. Laboube, J. A. Wallace, R. M. Schuster
Calibrations Of Bolted Cold-Formed Steel Connections In Bearing (With And Without Washers), Roger A. Laboube, J. A. Wallace, R. M. Schuster
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The bearing strength of bolted connections is treated differently in the two current North American Cold-Formed Steel Design documents, the AISI Specification in the USA (AISI 1996a) and the S136 Standard in Canada (CSA 1994). In the case of the S136 Standard (CSA 1994), only one expression is presented that applies to all bolted connections such as single and double shear, as well as, with and without washers. In the AISI Specification (AISI 1996a), however, a distinction is made between single shear and double shear connections and the use of washers. Contained in this paper are the calibration results of …
Evaluation Of Bolt-Hole Elongation Stiffness For The Stiffness Prediction Of Cold-Formed Steel Bolted Moment-Connections, J. B. P. Lim, D. A. Nethercot
Evaluation Of Bolt-Hole Elongation Stiffness For The Stiffness Prediction Of Cold-Formed Steel Bolted Moment-Connections, J. B. P. Lim, D. A. Nethercot
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Cold-formed steel bolted moment-connections cannot be considered as rigid because of localised in-plane elongation of the bolt-holes due to bearing of the bolt-shank against the bolt-hole. To therefore calculate the rotational stiffness of such bolted moment-connections, it is necessary to know the load-extension characteristics of bolt-hole elongation. In this paper, a non-linear large- displacement elasto-plastic finite element idealisation of a plain bolt-shank in bearing against a bolt-hole is presented. Graphs of load against bolt-hole elongation are plotted that show good comparison with laboratory test results. A proposed modification of the results allows for the results of a fully-threaded bolt-shank to …
Inelastic Response Of Arc-Spot Welded Deck-To-Frame Connections For Steel Roof Deck Diaphragms, M. Peuler, R. Tremblay, Colin A. Rogers
Inelastic Response Of Arc-Spot Welded Deck-To-Frame Connections For Steel Roof Deck Diaphragms, M. Peuler, R. Tremblay, Colin A. Rogers
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
An experimental program was undertaken to investigate the inelastic seismic response of metal deck roof diaphragm systems. The load carrying capacity of roof diaphragms subjected to lateral loads is directly dependent on the shear strength of the connections. Hence, as part of this larger research program, a study on the inelastic performance of arc-spot welded deck-to-frame connections was completed. The connection project involved the monotonic, cyclic and seismic testing of 235 specimens, with and without weld washers, with different electrode types, and with various steel deck and frame thicknesses. Currently, welded washer connections are recommended for the improvement of weld …
Self-Drilling Screw Joints For Cold-Formed Channel Portal Frames, Julie Mills, Roger A. Laboube
Self-Drilling Screw Joints For Cold-Formed Channel Portal Frames, Julie Mills, Roger A. Laboube
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Cold-formed C channel sections have been used in portal frame construction for agricultural sheds for many years in Australia. The knee joint designs have been copied from hot-rolled portal frames, regardless of the fact that many designers believe this is not realistic. Earlier testing conducted at the University of South Australia demonstrated that these concerns were justified and that the joint designs widely used in practice do not match the moment capacity of the sections and fail prematurely. An alternative joint design has been developed using self- drilling screws. The joint demonstrates excellent moment capacity and rigidity, and is simple …
Strength And Behavior Of Fillet Welded Connections In G450 Sheet Steel, Lip H. Teh, Gregory J. Hancock
Strength And Behavior Of Fillet Welded Connections In G450 Sheet Steel, Lip H. Teh, Gregory J. Hancock
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
G450 steel to AS 1397 is a cold-reduced sheet steel with in-line galvanizing. Its grade is 65 ksi (450 MPa) yield and 70 ksi (480 MPa) tensile strength. It is widely used in Australia for purlins, and is being used to fabricate light-weight Portal frames, often by welding. The effect of welding on G450 sheet steel in the heat affected zone was unknown and so the project was performed to investigate the strength of fillet welded connections. Transverse and longitudinal fillet welded connections in 0.06 in (1.5 mm) and 0.12 in (3.0 mm) sheet steels were tested to failure. The …
Strength And Behavior Of Flare-Bevel And Flare-Vee Welded Connections In G450 Sheet Steel, Lip H. Teh, Gregory J. Hancock
Strength And Behavior Of Flare-Bevel And Flare-Vee Welded Connections In G450 Sheet Steel, Lip H. Teh, Gregory J. Hancock
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
G450 steel to AS 1397 is a cold-reduced sheet steel with in-line galvanizing. Its grade is 65 ksi (450 MPa) yield and 70 ksi (480 MPa) tensile strength. It is widely used in Australia for purlins, and is being used to fabricate light-weight portal frames, often by welding. The effect of welding on G450 sheet steel in the heat affected zone (HAZ) was unknown and so the project was performed to investigate the strength of flare-bevel and flare-vee welded connections. Flare-bevel and flare-vee welded connections in 0.06-in (1.5-mm) and 0.12-in (3.0-mm) sheet steels were tested to failure. The failure modes …
Structural Behavior Of Bolted Connections In Cold-Formed Steel Members, Emphasizing The Shear Lag Effect, Carlos Henrique Maiola, Maximiliano Malite, Jorge Munaiar Neto, Roberto Martins Goncalves
Structural Behavior Of Bolted Connections In Cold-Formed Steel Members, Emphasizing The Shear Lag Effect, Carlos Henrique Maiola, Maximiliano Malite, Jorge Munaiar Neto, Roberto Martins Goncalves
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Light-gage steel structures constituted mainly of cold-formed steel members have been widely employed in a variety metal construction in Brazil and many countries. The reduced thicknesses this elements making connection designing difficult due the occurrence of the local effects that generally govern these designs in thin elements. This paper presents and discusses the results of a experimental investigation of bolted connections in cold-formed angles (either equal or unequal legs) and channel members (1.55 to 3.75mm thickness), and an evaluation of the structural behavior of the connections with identification of the corresponding failure modes, with emphasis on the tensile capacity of …
Testing Of Bolted Cold-Formed Steel Connections In Bearing (With And Without Washers), J. A. Wallace, R. M. Schuster
Testing Of Bolted Cold-Formed Steel Connections In Bearing (With And Without Washers), J. A. Wallace, R. M. Schuster
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Presently there are two cold-formed steel structural design documents in North America, i.e., in the USA, the Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members, published by the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI 1996) and in Canada, the Standard for Cold-formed Steel Structural Members, published by the Canadian Standards Association (CSA 1994). The bearing strength of bolted connections is treated differently in these two design documents. The North American Specification for the Design of Cold-formed Steel Structural Members (NAS 2001) contains a new approach for bearing of bolted connections. This approach is similar to the current S136 Standard …
Adaptive Nonlinear Finite Element Analyses Of High Strength Steel Cladding Systems, M. Duan, Mahen Mahendran
Adaptive Nonlinear Finite Element Analyses Of High Strength Steel Cladding Systems, M. Duan, Mahen Mahendran
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
In this paper, an adaptive nonlinear finite element method was developed and applied to the ultimate strength analysis of light gauge high strength steel cladding. Effect of mesh refinement on the solution accuracy was investigated for the nonlinear analysis of steel cladding systems under wind uplift loading. A comparison of numerical solutions was made with experimental results and a good agreement is shown using the adaptive finite element method. A parametric study was also conducted to investigate the factors that affect the ultimate strength behavior of high strength steel cladding systems. This paper presents the details of this study and …
Interim Design Rules For Flexure In Cold-Formed Steel Webs, Benjamin W. Schafer, T. W. J. Trestain
Interim Design Rules For Flexure In Cold-Formed Steel Webs, Benjamin W. Schafer, T. W. J. Trestain
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The design of cold-formed steel webs in flexure is governed by section B2.3 of the AISI Specification. Harmonization of the AISI (1996) Specification with the Canadian Standard (S136 1994), for the development of the new North American Specification (NAS 2001) has brought to light shortcomings in both the U.S. and Canadian documents and lead to the adoption of an interim design approach in the NAS (2001). The interim approach employs the AISI (1996) rules for one class of members and the S136 (1994) rules for a second class. Assessment of the resulting method with existing bending tests on Cees and …
Local Buckling Tests On Cold-Formed Steel Beams, Cheng Yu, Benjamin W. Schafer
Local Buckling Tests On Cold-Formed Steel Beams, Cheng Yu, Benjamin W. Schafer
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
C- and Z-sections are two of the most common cold-formed steel shapes in use today. Accurate prediction of the bending performance of these sections is important for reliable and efficient cold-formed steel structures. Recent analytical work has highlighted discontinuities and inconsistencies in the AISI (1996) design provisions for stiffened elements under a stress gradient (i.e., the web of C- or Z-sections). New methods have been proposed for design, and an interim method has been adopted in the NAS (North American Specification 2001). However, existing tests on Cs and Zs do not provide a definitive evaluation of the design expressions, due …
Optimum Design Of Cold-Formed Steel Z-Shape Purlins Using A Genetic Algorithm, Wei Lu, Pentti Makelainen, Jyrki Kesti
Optimum Design Of Cold-Formed Steel Z-Shape Purlins Using A Genetic Algorithm, Wei Lu, Pentti Makelainen, Jyrki Kesti
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
In this paper, a genetic algorithm is applied to optimize the dimensions of cold-formed Z-shape purlins continuous over two spans under gravity load. The optimization criterion is to maximize the load resistance per cross-section and the design variables are chosen from the discrete values based on the manufacturing requirements. Purlins are designed in accordance with Eurocode 3, Part 1.3. In addition, the modified Eurocode 3 method, in which the elastic local buckling stress and distortional buckling stress calculated using Finite Strip Method (FSM) are integrated into the design process, is used to determine the effective section properties. The results are …
Ultimate Failure Behaviour Of Second-Generation Sheeting Subjected To Combined Bending Moment And Concentrated Load, M. Kaspers, H. H. Snijder, Monique Bakker, H. Hofmeyer
Ultimate Failure Behaviour Of Second-Generation Sheeting Subjected To Combined Bending Moment And Concentrated Load, M. Kaspers, H. H. Snijder, Monique Bakker, H. Hofmeyer
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Second-generation sheeting is widely used for cladding and roof construction. At interior supports, it is subjected to combined bending moment and concentrated load. Unfortunately, design rules for this loading are complicated and do not provide insight in the sheeting's failure behaviour. This means there is a need for a new, insight providing design rule. For first-generation sheeting, a similar problem did exist. The Technische Universiteit Eindhoven (TUE) carried out three research projects [Bakk92a,Vaes95a,Hofm00a] that provided insight in the first-generation sheeting behaviour and resulted in a new, insight providing design rule. The TUE now uses the strategy of these three research …
Design Of Channels Subjected To Concentrated Bearing Load, Ben Young, Gregory J. Hancock
Design Of Channels Subjected To Concentrated Bearing Load, Ben Young, Gregory J. Hancock
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
A test program on cold-formed steel channels subjected to concentrated bearing load is presented in this paper. The web slenderness values of the channel specimens ranged from comparatively stocky webs of 15.3 to relatively more slender webs of 62.7. The tests were performed under end and interior loading conditions, and the test setup was different from the one specified in the North American Specification and the Australian/New Zealand Standard for cold-formed steel structures where the loading support is assumed free to rotate in the plane of the beam. The test specimens were seated on a fixed flat solid steel base …
Web Crippling And Combined Bending And Web Crippling Of Cold-Formed Steel Box-Beam Headers, Sutton F. Stephens, Roger A. Laboube
Web Crippling And Combined Bending And Web Crippling Of Cold-Formed Steel Box-Beam Headers, Sutton F. Stephens, Roger A. Laboube
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Box-beam headers are commonly used in walls framed with cold-formed steel studs to span openings in bearing walls. Based on the results of previous experimental studies, it has been shown that box-beam headers subjected to interior one flange (IOF) loading have been conservatively designed. This paper presents the results of an ongoing experimental study conducted at the University of Missouri-Rolla to establish the web crippling strength of box-beam headers for an IOF loading condition. Box-beam header specimens were tested as a system consisting of two C-sections together with top and bottom track sections. The header configuration used in this study …