Engineering Commons^™

Sensor Technologies For Intelligent Transportation Systems, Juan Guerrero-Ibáñez, Sherali Zeadally, Juan Contreras-Castillo

Information Science Faculty Publications

Modern society faces serious problems with transportation systems, including but not limited to traffic congestion, safety, and pollution. Information communication technologies have gained increasing attention and importance in modern transportation systems. Automotive manufacturers are developing in-vehicle sensors and their applications in different areas including safety, traffic management, and infotainment. Government institutions are implementing roadside infrastructures such as cameras and sensors to collect data about environmental and traffic conditions. By seamlessly integrating vehicles and sensing devices, their sensing and communication capabilities can be leveraged to achieve smart and intelligent transportation systems. We discuss how sensor technology can be integrated with the …

Accurate Range Estimation For An Electric Vehicle Including Changing Environmental Conditions And Traction System Efficiency, Kaveh Sarrafan, Danny Sutanto, Kashem M. Muttaqi, Graham Town

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Range anxiety is an obstacle to the acceptance of electric vehicles (EVs), caused by drivers' uncertainty regarding their vehicle's state of charge (SoC) and the energy required to reach their destination. Most estimation methods for these variables use simplified models with many assumptions that can result in significant error, particularly if dynamic and environmental conditions are not considered. For example, the combined efficiency of the inverter drive and electric motor varies throughout the route and is not constant as assumed in most range estimation methods. This study proposes an improved method for SoC and range estimation by taking into account …

Anonymous Announcement System (Aas) For Electric Vehicle In Vanets, Man Ho Au, Joseph K. Liu, Zhenfei Zhang, Willy Susilo, Jin Li, Jianying Zhou

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) allows vehicles to exchange information about road and traffic conditions through wireless communications. Nevertheless, providing reliable and authenticated information without violating the user's privacy seems contradictory. In this paper, we propose an Anonymous Announcement System especially designed for Electric Vehicle (EV) in VANETs to achieve the aforementioned contradictory goals. We demonstrated the feasibility of the protocol with a prototype implementation on a suitable device and a network simulation with our protocol added on top of a normal VANET.

Vehicle Classification By Estimation Of The Direction Angle In A Mixed Traffic Flow, Nguyen Viet Hung, Nguyen Hoang Dung, Le Chung Tran, Thang Manh Hoang, Nguyen Tien Dzung

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The application of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) is very important in developing societies nowadays. Vehicle monitoring is one of the primary tasks of ITS, where vehicles are classified by lanes for traffic management, especially in case of a mixed flow of motorcycles and other automobiles in the transport system of Vietnam. This paper proposes a new approach in vehicle classification, which is based on evaluation of the direction angle of the first primary axis of each coming vehicle detected in the captured video sequence and map into the predetermined database to mark it as motorcycle or automobiles instead of consideration …

Vehicle Routing Problem With Stochastic Demand (Vrpsd): Optimisation By Neighbourhood Search Embedded Adaptive Ant Algorithm (Ns-Aaa), M Nagalakshmi, Mukul Tripathi, Nagesh Shukla, Manoj Tiwari

Nagesh Shukla

Taking into account the real world applications, this paper considers a vehicle routing problem with stochastic demand (VRPSD) in which the customer demand has been modelled as a stochastic variable. Considering the computational complexity of the problem and to enhance the algorithm performance, a neighbourhood search embedded adaptive ant algorithm (ns-AAA) is proposed as an improvement to the existing ant colony optimisation. The proposed metaheuristic adapts itself to maintain an adequate balance between exploitation and exploration throughout the run of the algorithm. The performance of the proposed methodology is benchmarked against a set of test instances that were generated using …

Energy Exchange Between Electric Vehicle Load And Wind Generating Utilities, Ahmad Tavakoli, Michael Negnevitsky, Duc Thanh Nguyen, Kashem M. Muttaqi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

This paper proposes a novel approach to energy exchange between electric vehicle (EV) load and wind generation utilities participating in the day-ahead energy, balancing, and regulation markets. An optimal bidding/offering strategy model is developed to mitigate wind energy and EV imbalance threats, and optimize EV charging profiles. A new strategy model is based on optimizing decision making of a wind generating company (WGenCO) in selecting the best option among the use of the balancing or regulation services, the use of the energy storage system (ESS) and the use of all of them to compensate wind power deviation. Energy imbalance is …

An Efficient Background Modeling Approach Based On Vehicle Detection, Jia-Yan Wang, Limei Song, Jiangtao Xi, Qinghua Guo

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The existing Gaussian Mixture Model(GMM) which is widely used in vehicle detection suffers inefficiency in detecting foreground image during the model phase, because it needs quite a long time to blend the shadows in the background. In order to overcome this problem, an improved method is proposed in this paper. First of all, each frame is divided into several areas(A, B, C and D), Where area A, B, C and D are decided by the frequency and the scale of the vehicle access. For each area, different new learning rate including weight, mean and variance is applied to accelerate the …

Comparative Study Of Vehicle Tyre-Road Friction Coefficient Estimation With A Novel Cost-Effective Method, Boyuan Li, Haiping Du, Weihua Li

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

This paper qualitatively and quantitatively reviews and compares three typical tyre-road friction coefficient estimation methods, which are the slip slope method, individual tyre force estimation method and extended Kalman filter method, and then presents a new cost-effective tyre-road friction coefficient estimation method. Based on the qualitative analysis and the numerical comparisons, it is found that all of the three typical methods can successfully estimate the tyre force and friction coefficient in most of the test conditions, but the estimation performance is compromised for some of the methods during different simulation scenarios. In addition, all of these three methods need global …

Traffic Modeling In Lagrangian Coordinates Using Smartphone Apps, Sergio Contreras

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Traditionally, one of the ways traffic flow has been studied is by using the kinematic wave model. This model is derived in the Eulerian framework by using conservation of the number of vehicles. Recently, the kinematic wave model has been transformed into Lagrangian coordinates. In this framework, the independent variables are unique

vehicles and time. The detailed change in framework, and the properties of the model in the changed framework are reviewed. Numerical results from different traffic cases are explained. Since vehicle trajectory data can be easily collected from smartphones,

a smartphone application is developed for this purpose. This data …

A Novel Cost Effective Method For Vehicle Tire-Road Friction Coefficient Estimation, Boyuan Li, Haiping Du, Weihua Li

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The tire-road friction coefficient is critical to vehicle longitudinal, lateral and roll dynamics and control because tire is the only contact part between the vehicle body and the road. However, direct measurement of tire-road friction coefficient is impossible in practice. This paper presents a novel cost effective method for vehicle tire-road friction coefficient estimation. This method only needs the measurements of the wheel angular velocity, the traction/brake torque and the longitudinal acceleration, which are all available from the commonly installed sensors in ordinary passenger vehicles, and can be used to estimate the individual tire-road friction coefficient. There are three steps …

Vibration Control Of Vehicle Seat Integrating With Chassis Suspension And Driver Body Model, Haiping Du, Weihua Li, Nong Zhang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Vehicle seat suspension is one of very important components to provide ride comfort, in particular, commercial vehicles, to reduce driver fatigue due to long hours driving. This paper presents a study on active control of seat suspension to reduce vertical vibration transmitted from uneven road profile to driver body. The control problem will be firstly studied by proposing an integrated seat suspension model which includes vehicle chassis suspension, seat suspension, and driver body model. This is a new concept in the field of study because most of the current active and semi-active seat suspension studies only consider seat suspension or …

Experimental Investigation Of A Hydraulically Interconnected Suspension In Vehicle Dynamics And Stability Control, Lifu Wang, Nong Zhang, Haiping Du

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Mainly motivated by developing cost-effective vehicle anti-roll systems, hydraulically interconnected suspension has been studied in the past decade to replace anti-roll bars. It has been proved theoretically and practically that hydraulic suspensions have superior anti-roll ability over anti-roll bars, and therefore they have achieved commercial success in racing cars and luxury sports utility vehicles (SUVs). However, since vehicle is a highly coupled complex system, it is necessary to investigate/evaluate the hydraulic-suspension-fitted-vehicle's dynamic performance in other aspects, apart from anti-roll ability, such as ride comfort, lateral stability, etc. This paper presents an experimental investigation of a SUV fitted with a hydraulically …

Robust Yaw Moment Control For Vehicle Handling And Stability, Haiping Du, Nong Zhang, Wade Smith

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

This paper presents a robust yaw moment controller design approach for improving vehicle handling and stability. With considering the parameter-varying property of tyre cornering stiffness in extreme handling situations, a linear parameter-varying (LPV) model in polytopic form is constructed to represent the nonlinear characteristics of tyres. A yaw moment controller is then designed for the LPV model which aims at optimising the tracking performance on both yaw rate and sideslip angle with respect to their targets. The conditions for designing such a controller are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Numerical simulations on a nonlinear vehicle model are …

Mr Damper And Its Application For Semi-Active Control Of Vehicle Suspension System, G Z. Yao, F F. Yap, G Chen, Weihua Li, S H. Yeo

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

In this paper, a semi-active control of vehicle suspension system with magnetorheological (MR) damper is presented. At first a MR damper working in flow mode is designed. Performance testing is done for this damper with INSTRON machine. Then a mathematical model, Bouc–Wen model, is adopted to characterize the performance of the MR damper. With optimization method in MATLAB^® and experimental results of MR damper, the coefficients of the model are determined. Finally, a scaled quarter car model is set up including the model of the MR damper and a semi-active control strategy is adopted to control the vibration of …