Engineering Commons^™

Max Operation In Statistical Static Timing Analysis On The Non-Gaussian Variation Sources For Vlsi Circuits, Abu M. Baker

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

As CMOS technology continues to scale down, process variation introduces significant uncertainty in power and performance to VLSI circuits and significantly affects their reliability. If this uncertainty is not properly handled, it may become the bottleneck of CMOS technology improvement. As a result, deterministic analysis is no longer conservative and may result in either overestimation or underestimation of the circuit delay. As we know that Static-Timing Analysis (STA) is a deterministic way of computing the delay imposed by the circuits design and layout. It is based on a predetermined set of possible events of process variations, also called corners of …

Sensing And Transmission Strategies In Wireless Cognitive Radio Systems, Babak Abbasi Bastami

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The main challenge in any cognitive radio system is to maximize secondary users throughput while limiting interference imposed on licensed users. In this regard, finding the optimal sensing and transmission timing strategies and accurate sensing techniques are of great importance in a cognitive radio network.

In this thesis, we study a sensing-transmission scheme for secondary user in a cognitive radio system where the secondary user senses every primary channel independently and transmits a signal for a fixed duration if it finds the channel empty and stays idle for another fixed duration if it senses the channel busy. We obtain optimal …

Data Routing In Multicore Processors Using Dimension Increment Method, Arpita H. Kadakia

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

A Deadlock-free routing algorithm can be generated for arbitrary interconnection network using the concept of virtual channels but the virtual channels will lead to more complex algorithms and more demands of NOC resource.

In this thesis, we study a Torus topology for NOC application, design its structure and propose a routing algorithm exploiting the characteristics of NOC. We have chosen a typical 16 (4 by 4) routers Torus and propose the corresponding route algorithm. In our algorithm, all the channels are assigned 4 different dimensions (n0,n1,n2 & n3). By following the dimension increment method, we break the dependent route circles, …

Evaluation Of Video Based Pedestrian And Vehicle Detection Algorithms, Varun Bandarupalli

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Video based detection systems rely on the ability to detect moving objects in video streams. Video based detection systems have applications in many fields like, intelligent transportation, automated surveillance etc. There are many approaches adopted for video based detection. Evaluation and selecting a suitable approach for pedestrian and vehicle detection is a challenging task. While evaluating the object detection algorithms, many factors should be considered in order to cope with unconstrained environments, non stationary background, different object motion patterns and the variation in types of object being detected.

In this thesis, we implement and evaluate different video based detection algorithms …

Low Power Fft Processor Design Considerations For Ofdm Communications, David Layne Rushforth

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Today's emerging communication technologies require fast processing as well as efficient use of resources. This project specifically addresses the power-efficient design of an FFT processor as it relates to OFDM communications such as cognitive radio. The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processor is what enables the efficient modulation in OFDM. As the FFT processor is the most computationally intensive component in OFDM communication, the power efficiency improvement of this component can have great impacts on the overall system. These impacts are significant considering the number of mobile and remote communication devices that rely on limited battery-powered operation. This project explores current …

Human Identification Using Pyroelectric Infrared Sensors, Aron E. Suppes

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The objective of this thesis is to discuss the viability of using pyroelectric infrared (PIR) sensors as a biometric system for human identification.

The human body emits infrared radiation, the distribution of which varies throughout the body, and depends upon the shape and composition of the particular body part. A PIR sensor utilizing a Fresnel lens will respond to this infrared radiation. When a human walks, the motion of the body's individual components form a characteristic gait that is likely to affect a PIR sensor field in a unique way.

A statistical model, such as a Hidden Markov Model, could …

Optimal Design Of Discrete-Time Delta Sigma Modulators, Matthew Edward Jackson

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

In this thesis, optimal signal transfer functions (STFs) and noise transfer functions (NTFs) for discrete time delta sigma (ΔΣ) modulators are determined. For a given oversampling rate (OSR), these STFs and NTFs are optimized with respect to a weighted combination of the ΔΣ modulator's signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and dynamic range (DR). This optimization problem is solved using a novel hybrid orthogonal genetic (HOG) algorithm that uses customized genetic operators to improve algorithm performance and accuracy when applied to multimodal, non-differentiable performance surfaces. To generate optimal system functions, the HOG algorithm is implemented as a constrained global optimizer to minimize cost …